English Language & Usage: Multi-Layered Discourse Room

Mitch

4:06 PM

Cerberus

4:16 PM

Thanks for that.

You couldn't have said it any better.

tchrist

Wroxham

Wroxham is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. The civil parish of Wroxham has an area of 6.21 square kilometres and in 2001 had a population of 1532 in 666 households, reducing to a population of 1,502 in 653 households at the 2011 Census. The village is situated within the Norfolk Broads on the south side of a loop in the middle reaches of the River Bure. It lies in an elevated position above the Bure, between Belaugh Broad to the west and Wroxham Broad to the east or south east. Wroxham is some eight miles north-east of Norwich, to which it is linked by the A1151 road...

Why is it called that?

CowperKettle

0

Q: Meaning of "faithful to the tomb, so there were quarrels" in Byron's "Don Juan"

From Byron's Don Juan: The Senhor Don Alfonso stood confused; Antonia bustled round the ransack'd room, And, turning up her nose, with looks abused Her master and his myrmidons, of whom Not one, except the attorney, was amused; He, like Achates, faithful to the tomb, ...

Mitch

@Cerberus gar nichts

mmm potatoes

potatoes and cheese

potatoes and bacon

potatoes and sour cream

pommes frites

chili cheese fries

baked potatoes with bacon and cheese and sour cream

mashed potatoes with butter and gravy

CowperKettle

Bubba on Shrimp - Forrest Gump (3/9) Movie CLIP (1994) HD

►

Mitch

@tchrist It's the farmstead of Mr. Wrox

But back to potatoes

patatas bravas

tchrist

4:30 PM

@CowperKettle I see that your profile says that you are a native-born Russian working as a translator, so I was wondering whether you might have any insights you could share with a countryman of yours who is having a super-difficult time trying to understand the phonology of English diphthongs.

Mitch

kartoffelpuffer

latke

CowperKettle

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8cOF3fsjAw0
(A passage from a Soviet movie of 1961 where a girl recites the dishes that can be made from potato)

tchrist

@Mitch Why would you have a basket full of blown tripe?

CowperKettle

@tchrist I know very little about English pronunciation

tchrist

@CowperKettle Oh ok, thanks anyway.

CowperKettle

4:32 PM

@tchrist Why does not that person just watch English movies?

tchrist

The problem is that this Russian fellow can’t understand how to “think” about diphthongs being “two vowel sounds run together”.

He says his mind doesn't grasp how that could happen.

He's listened many, many times.

Mitch

There are things called potato dumplings. How I have missed this heaven?

tchrist

He keeps coming back to chat, where I've been unable to help him. He first began his frustration with a question on the main site which I tried to answer for him:

29

A: Psychology of diphthongs

TL;DR All tense monophthongs in English become non-phonemic, phonetic-only diphthongs with weak off-glides in most speakers and contexts. Minor phonologic effects like this are part of getting an accent right, but they do not change the abstract phoneme, which is still just /e/ or /o/, /i/ or /u...

CowperKettle

@tchrist I've just read the intro to the Wiki article on diphthongs, and it's as clear as clear water. The tongue moves, so the sound transmutes into another sound.

Mitch

@CowperKettle I'm crying

Because

1) that's how cold it is here now

CowperKettle

4:35 PM

You are in Russia?

Mitch

2) I want to know the list she's saying and the closed captions doesn't even give the Russian

CowperKettle

It's a famous movie passage from the movie Девчата (Girls)

Mitch

@CowperKettle No. If I were in Russia at this moment, the temperature would be understandable.

As it is, I'm in the US, and global warming has messed up everything and an unfortunate redistribution of entropy has resulted in a concentration of all the cold here

tchrist

I think it began because he was talking to a young, native speaker of American English asking why words like woke and take had diphthongs in them, and the native was very puzzled because he/we don't think of those as being diphthongs at all the way boy or cow have diphthongs, just /wok/ and /tek/ phonemically. Because the phonetics have a tiny off-glide to them in many speakers for tense vowels, he couldn't see how we "thought" about them.

CowperKettle

Okay. I understand nothing about it, so I'll return to reading Don Juan

Cerberus

4:38 PM

I don't think it's so tiny.

Mitch

@CowperKettle I need subtitles. all I got out of that was 'puhzhalvaste'

Cerberus

@Færd I'm surprised you saw the protests coming no more than I did.

Mitch

@Cerberus To me, I was shocked considerably that most of these English vowels are diphthongs. It's really hard to hear, unless you hear the corresponding continental vowels which are monophthongs

Cerberus

As to what they'll lead to, I generally agree with you that gradual change is better than revolution.

@Mitch Well, to me English a is Dutch e, which we think of as a simple, standard, single vowel.

And o is o. The same applies.

But shocked?

Mitch

@Cerberus To me, Dutch potatoes are as good as any

Which is life itself

Cerberus

4:41 PM

It's just like, oh, yeah, now that you mention it, I do hear a change in my mouth with those vowels.

tchrist

@Cerberus I've tried to provide reasons why it is tiny at most, and not phonemic. One is that it becomes a monophthong in many American speakers when it isn't at the end of a word. Another reason is because I speak languages where pairs like /e/ and /ej/, or /o/ and /oʊ/, both exist phonemically and have minimal pairs proving these differ.

Cerberus

But English has /e/ and /eɪ/.

tchrist

I don't believe it does.

Can you show a minimal pair where that alone differs?

Mitch

@Cerberus Yeah, shocked. Because my ear so adamantly doesn't hear anything but a single thing, no off-glides or anything. 'toe' is just feels like a consonant and a vowel

tchrist

I know that dictionaries write /eɪ/ but I think that's a deception because there is no minimal pair with /e/.

Cerberus

4:43 PM

I don't know about minimal pairs, but doesn't single /e/ exist?

tchrist

In English?

Cerberus

Then maybe it doesn't.

But /ʊ/ does exist.

tchrist

I think so. I think take is /tek/ and stain is /sten/ and very is /veri/.

Mitch

also I think orthographic thinking leads one astray

tchrist

@Cerberus Yes, it certainly does.

Mitch

4:44 PM

thinking that how things are spelled is the reality

Cerberus

@tchrist I think that /e/ would be too far removed from the standard IPA meaning of /e/.

tchrist

How?

Cerberus

Well, English IPA is not entirely independent of IPA as a whole.

tchrist

Spanish estés is IPA /esˈtes/ while Spanish estéis is IPA /esˈtejs/.

Cerberus

It's one system.

tchrist

4:46 PM

So I am certain beyond all reasonable doubt that I know the difference between /e/ and /ej/ AKA /eɪ/.

Cerberus

There are...accommodations, but in general you want the same symbol in English IPA and French IPA to refer to the same sound as closely as possible, within reason.

You don't want /e/ to have an entirely different meaning between the two.

tchrist

An English speaker pronounced the word épée as /eˈpej/ while a French speaker pronounces it /epe/.

So I definitely know the difference there.

@Cerberus Are you confusing /e/ and [e]?

Cerberus

@tchrist I never doubted that.

@tchrist I don't think one would want to separate the two entirely.

tchrist

We write /rait/ for right/rite/write, right?

Or perhaps we write /rɑɪt/ even.

But that's actually wrong, of course.

Mitch

I think we should all lay down our differences about diphthongs vs monophthongs, and phones vs phonemes, and come together to appreciate the universal goodliness of all potatoes ever

tchrist

4:51 PM

Right and its homophones are [ɻʌɪ̯t]. There is no [r] there.

Mitch

Is polenta based on potatoes?

Educ

Hello everybody

tchrist

And for that matter, the /ɑɪ/ diphthong is really [ʌɪ̯].

@Mitch maize

Mitch

It doesn't have to be. It's just something as good as polenta could well be a potato derivative

tchrist

These days.

Once upon a time it was based on castagne.

Educ

4:52 PM

i'm texying my note taking of diphthongs {\Huge \textipa{/u\textschwa/} } : \Large sure, pure, cure, fuel, mature, tour, you're, curioussure.

Mitch

@tchrist Chestnuts?

tchrist

Yep.

Cerberus

@tchrist I think IPA is all about concessions.

Mitch

I don't want to be too judgmental about other people's food preferences but that seems a little desperate.

Cerberus

What you're trying to do is slim it down as much as possible, to make it more efficient.

But you lose something.

tchrist

4:53 PM

@Cerberus Because there is no minimal pair in English between monophthong /e/ and diphthong /ej/, I believe this proves it is actually phonemic.

@Cerberus That's overstating things. I would say that broad transcriptions are.

But narrow ones should be much less so.

Cerberus

I think the reasoning behind IPA notation is more complicated and less 'necessary' than perhaps some people would have you believe.

Mitch

@Cerberus Speaking of concessions, my love of potatoes is probably directly related to wonderful experiences of french fries and ketchup at my local swimming pool's concession stand.

tchrist

So we write that rain is /ren/ because we are only talking about phonemics not about phonetics.

Cerberus

@Mitch That must be quite the delicacy!

How many stars does the stand have?

@tchrist It is a choice.

Mitch

@Cerberus It's not refined food, somewhat vulgar in the vulgar sense of vulgar.

Cerberus

4:55 PM

But why not denote rain as /ryn/? Why choose an e symbol?

tchrist

@Cerberus Common? Aye, ’tis common.

Mitch

@Cerberus You laugh. It was hygienic (I think). I was too short at the time to see above the counter.

tchrist

@Cerberus There is no /i/ in make, just /mek/.

Whereas mech is of course /mɛk/.

Mitch

Hm... there was another concession stand at the time. At a different pool. Also had french fries. mmmm....

tchrist

I know the difference between /e/ and /ei/, as shown by épée and estés-vs-estéis.

Mitch

4:58 PM

I know the difference between shoestring fries and steak fries

I'm partial to the former

tchrist

The American pronunciation of make has the stressed monophthong of Spanish estés not the stressed diphthong of Spanish estéis.

Mitch

Steak fries are so vulgar

Like a fart joke

tchrist

There can be a tiny little bit of off-glide, but it is not phonemic. It only comes into its own at the end of a word. So it's about phonology alone.

Mitch

I think liking steak fries is a sign of...

mental inertia

that was the most euphemistic I could come up with

tchrist

But that's why you cannot say /epe/ in English at all for épée: we can’t have a tense vowel at the end without there being a phonetic-only off-glide.

Mitch

5:00 PM

mêlée

pronounced as 'mealy'

Which reminds me, there are some bad potatoes

not often though

tchrist

Pretending that English épée is pronounced /eɪ'peɪ/ is claiming that both vowels are the same. They are not.

Mitch

well, maybe not if you have hot sauce

tchrist

In French, they are. In English the first is a monophthong and the second a diphthong.

Mitch

there are some things hot sauce can't fix

tchrist

@Mitch Wait, it is?!

Mitch

5:02 PM

haha no not at all.

tchrist

I thought it was like May Day.

Educ

Mitch

or rather, I've heard some gamers pronounce it something like 'mealy' or something weird like that. Some know to say 'may lay'

tchrist

@Educ I don't believe that describes American pronunciation.

Educ

these my note taking of Diphthongs

I rewrite them

@tchrist yes but I have to memorize to success in exam

tchrist

5:04 PM

Sigh.

Educ

and if i want to pronounce like american I have to self-study

tchrist

The Emperor's New Pronunciation.

I can't being to imagine pronouncing though the same as thought but without the final t and with a final w.

Educ

I wrote them in tex to make them easy to memorize

Mitch

@Educ those all look good to me except that it's for British pronunciation, and you forgot to do the sections on /au/ and /ue/

Educ

I'm not complete the list yet

tchrist

5:06 PM

In other words, with though it's a tense /o/ as in GOAT not a lax /ɔ/ as in THOUGHT.

Educ

if consonsante comes after diphothongs

we don't write it in trasncription ?

tchrist

/ɔʊ/ is curious. I'm sure that [ɔʊ] happens in many pronunciations, but I find it queer to call that a phoneme of English.

Mitch

@Educ quick weather check: in general does most weather there go from west to east?

tchrist

Since the ~~goal~~ gɔʊl of an exam is to answer the way someone wants you to, you just have to go gaw along with it.

Mitch

Also, does it start to rain there in early december? (and if so how long does it last)

Educ

5:10 PM

@Mitch yes from west to east

Mitch

@Educ But nice on the LaTeX. Is there an IPA package?

Educ

the winds comes from west and north

@Mitch yes there is

@Mitch \usepackage{tipx}

Mitch

@Educ but every so often from the south maybe?

tchrist

@Mitch No, the weather is stationary, but our world turns to meet it. :)

Educ

from the south os often most in summer they comes from SAHARA hot windy

we call it in arabic "SHARGHY "

Mitch

5:12 PM

@tchrist Which reminds me of a pet peeve about how physics works. You know how you want to drink your tea before you're ready to pul out the tea bag? So you turn your cup to move the tea bag from where you're about to sip? but neither the teabag nor liquid moves? I hate that

someone should fix that

tchrist

@Cerberus Which is why we write /r/ even though nobody but on rare occasion a raging Scot actually says that. It's also why American phonemic transcriptions use /y/ for IPA [j].

Mitch

rewrite the rules of physics in order to avoid that situation

tchrist

@Mitch Because the towhee’s drink-your-tea told you so.

Mitch

there might be some unintended consequences, but I'll sure they'll be minor in comparison to the greater enjoyment I'll have in those instances of drinking tea.

@Educ THe wind from the Sahara, or the Sahara itself?

Educ

from SAHARA

Cerberus

5:14 PM

@tchrist That wasn't my question!

Mitch

no, I meant, is that the arabic name for the wind or the desert?

Cerberus

Why pick an e-like symbol at all there?

Why not something else entirely?

Mitch

symbols are argitrary

Educ

@tchrist I don't think so, it's dyanamic or chaotic , I'm not gonna give you scientifc proof but just do you know the story of Solomon who can control the winds

tchrist

@Cerberus Because it’s reasonable.

Educ

5:15 PM

the fourth winds

tchrist

@Educ It was but drollery.

Mitch

ooh...I hear dishes clanking... hell yeah... potatoes for lunch!

Mahlzeit, y'all!

@Educ Wait...what?

Educ

@Mitch desert=SAHARA but SHARGHY is the name of winds which come from desert

tchrist

@Mitch Got /ˈkleŋkiŋ/ eh?

Mitch

It's his fault?

Cerberus

5:16 PM

@tchrist Ah, there you go.

Mitch

@Educ nice now I know

Cerberus

/eɪ/ is felt to be more reasonable than /e/, for the reason I mentioned.

tchrist

But it isn't.

Cerberus

But there is some arbitrariness in it, I'll grant you that.

tchrist

Nobody says that.

Accept at word's end.

Mitch

5:17 PM

/hei/!

or world's end whichever comes first

tchrist

It is not /ˈkleɪŋkiŋ/ for example, just /ˈkleŋkiŋ/.

I can say /ˈkleɪŋkiŋ/ with a diphthong if I want to, but it doesn't happen. It's not what people see or hear or think of that as.

That said, there's a lot of neutralization of tense vowels before /n/ or /r/, and æ-rising may have a parallel here.

@Cerberus The compromise with phonemic transcriptions in dictionaries is that if we actually wrote actual phonetics, it would at best represent the sound only a few percent of people say. I think that's what the Sound Comparisons site proves.

There's more agreement on consonants than on vowels, but still surprising diversity. With vowels it becomes completely hopeless.

So we just make stuff up.

Educ

0

Q: TIPA Centering textipa in tasks list

I would like to center textipa in task list how can i do that ? by the way i added centering but with no luck \documentclass{article} \usepackage{tipa} \usepackage{tipx} \usepackage{tasks} \begin{document} \begin{tasks}[style=itemize](5) \task classic \\ {\Large\centering /\ae//i/ } \task d...

horizontal-alignment lists tipa tasks

tchrist

There are only two phonemes in the homophones ate and eight: /e/ at the start and /t/ at the end. Phonemically there’s no third phoneme. But actual phonetics? Those are infinitely diverse. WITNESS: soundcomparisons.com/#/en/Englishes/word/eight

Some people say [ ɛ̝ɪtʰ ] but can you imagine if we wrote that as its dictionary phonemic pronunciation?

Araucaria

@tchrist Don't you want an /ɪŋk/ in this room name?

tchrist

@Araucaria Oh crap of course I do.

What else should I fix?

Araucaria

5:30 PM

@tchrist All looks good to me!

tchrist

Lamb is especially nice!

Cerberus

I should still prefer a schwa between the b and the l.

tchrist

@Cerberus ok

lamb /læm/ as [ɫæ̝ɪəm] or [läˑm] and all. No wonder dictionary pronunciations doesn't match actual speech.

Robusto

@Cerberus I think Van Gogh said it quite well enough, as you showed.

@Cerberus A schwaburger?

tchrist

room topic changed to ði ˌɪŋkɒmpɹɨˈhɛnsəbəl̯ ɹum: For English language and regex enthusiasts; meta.english.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/chat-faq [phrase-requests] [pronunciation] [single-word-requests] [synonyms]

Robusto

5:33 PM

@tchrist Dictionary pronunciations are more like musical notes on a clef. They don't give you the musical performance.

tchrist

@Robusto Never thought of it that way!

Robusto

And it is music, or ought to be.

Araucaria

@tchrist I'm with you on the syllabic l (you might want to use a dark one). The alveolar closure is going to occur during the hold phase of the b there, for most speakers.

tchrist

I realize that for some people, it might be [ˌɪŋkɒmpɹɨˈhɛnsɨbəɫ]

Araucaria

It might be, but I reckon the syllabic one's most likely though ...

tchrist

5:36 PM

@Araucaria I like writing syllabic consonants, but recognize that this is a "new" thing many don't recognize. Then again, that's a good argument for it.

Robusto

Lamb 'n' jam
is nicer than lamb
enjamb-
(at least that's what I)
-ment.

tchrist

@Robusto You know my shameless version of that, don't you?

Robusto

@tchrist If I know it at all, it's only the shameful version.

tchrist

5

A: How should "often" be pronounced?

The true answer to this question is perhaps best explained by The Ballad of Shameless Enjambent, a cautionary tale here reproduced by kind permission of its author: From far and wide, they’ve come to list- en, watch, and judge her plea. Beneath the lights her skin aglist- ...

Robusto

Noice.

tchrist

5:39 PM

Oy loik tit.

Robusto

Don't you mean ɔɪ laɪk tɪt?

tchrist

roit might

CowperKettle

> Julia, in fact, had tolerable grounds,—
Alfonso's loves with Inez were well known,
But whether 't was that one's own guilt confounds—
But that can't be, as has been often shown,
A lady with apologies abounds;—
It might be that her silence sprang alone
From delicacy to Don Juan's ear,
To whom she knew his mother's fame was dear.

(I don't understand "a lady with apologies abounds" = a lady is full of apologies? But that does not fit the meaning; She is acting brazenly here)

tchrist

Pentameter depressed me.

Araucaria

Ciao all!

CowperKettle

5:43 PM

Hi!

tchrist

Hasta la pasta.

A lady abounds with apologies.

So yes.

And this one isn't full of them but should be? Dunno.

Robusto

Are you back in Boulder yet, or still braving the Wisconsin winter?

tchrist

Back in Boulder.

Robusto

And all's right with the world?

tchrist

Having brought cold with me.

Robusto

5:45 PM

Well, at least you didn't bring Paul Ryan back with you. That would be much worse.

tchrist

My cats are fine; they unravelled all the yarn on one Christmas decoration.

CowperKettle

Yay!

Robusto

We board our cats. Easier than trying to explain their routine to an outsider.

tchrist

@Robusto You cannot know how it galls my family that that slimy salamander should be our congressman!

Robusto

No, but I have a pretty good idea.

tchrist

5:46 PM

I've made my charitable donations this year in the form of subscriptions to worthy causes.

CowperKettle

Our cat once ate a long tinsel strand from the Xmas tree

tchrist

Not that the IRS counts those as such, but I do.

Mitch

@CowperKettle How did it come out?

tchrist

@CowperKettle Definite risk.

CowperKettle

And then she excreted said strand, with globs of shit, and dragged it all over the flat...

Because it was slow in coming out

LOL

tchrist

5:47 PM

Did you wait till it was all out to re-hang it on the tree?

CowperKettle

She was okay

Robusto

@CowperKettle Thanks for sharing.

Mitch

ew

CowperKettle

(0: Fond memories

Mitch

how did the cat feel about it?

CowperKettle

5:48 PM

She felt a-okay

Mitch

I once heard of a guru in India who did the same.

Robusto

Cats only know that things are as they like or as they don't.

Cerberus

@tchrist I have a feeling you're fighting the last war's battle.

Mitch

Well, not tinsel

and didn't drag it around the house

Cerberus

And my armies were on your side back then!

Mitch

5:49 PM

but pretty much the same otherwise

tchrist

The tree is the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, the round shiny ornaments its deadly fruit, the twisted strands of hanging tinsel the snakes of the Evil One.

CowperKettle

Ah! My cat was that guru, reincarnated as a cat!

Mitch

@tchrist dragging slimy poop around the aprtment

Robusto

So ... paradise is not knowing. I think that theory explains the Republican electorate.

Mitch

@CowperKettle or the other way round

CowperKettle

5:50 PM

(0:

Cerberus

@Robusto Indeed. I didn't know he had made any preliminary studies.

Mitch

@Robusto paradise is not knowing that the tinsel you ate is now dragging behind you

Robusto

@Mitch I always chew my tinsel thoroughly.

tchrist

Speaking of twistedness:

> wraggle, wrangle, wrangler, wrap, wrapper, wrath, wraw, wreath, wreathe, wrench, wrest, wrestle, wrick, wrig, wriggle, wring, wrinkle, wrist, writhe, writhen, wrong, wroth, wrung, wrythening.

Mitch

Republican electorate = tinsel excreting cat

tchrist

5:51 PM

Tom wrote wryly.

All these words are about twists.

Robusto

Whatever happened to wrack (as in wrack and ruin)? Also, why not wruin as well?

tchrist

Tolkien posited that wraith was too, from writhe in some fashion.

Cerberus

@tchrist Are are those Scandinavian?

tchrist

@Robusto That one is different!

Cerberus

Because I don't think we have those in Dutch.

tchrist

5:52 PM

@Cerberus No, from the Angle.

Cerberus

Hmm.

We have war in Dutch.

Mitch

wren

Cerberus

As in verwarren, to confuse.

Robusto

@tchrist It's always spelled rack and ruin now, which doesn't quite cover the matter.

Cerberus

I think that's related to wrong.

Mitch

5:53 PM

wruanda

tchrist

> From Middle English writhen, from Old English wrīþan, from Proto-Germanic *wrīþaną “to weave, twist, turn” (compare Old High German rīdan “to wind, turn”, Old Norse ríða “to wind”), from Proto-Indo-European *wreyt- (“to twist, writhe”). Compare Lithuanian riēsti (“to unbend, wind, roll”).

Cerberus

And how about English warp, is that a related consonantal cluster?

Robusto

I mean, why don't we ring our hands instead of wringing them?

tchrist

@Robusto twisting not chiming

Cerberus

In Dutch, it's wringen.

Handen wringen.

tchrist

5:54 PM

Wrack is different.

> From Middle English wrake, wrache, wreche, from a merger of Old English wracu, wræc (“misery, suffering”) and Old English wrǣċ (“vengeance, revenge”). See also wrake.

Robusto

@tchrist I get it. But my point is why not reduce all the silent w's out if we're going to be indiscriminate about that?

tchrist

So is wreak:

> From Middle English wreken, from Old English wrecan, from Proto-Germanic *wrekaną, from root *wrek-, from Proto-Indo-European *wreg- (“work, do”).[1] Cognate via Proto-Germanic with Dutch wreken, German rächen, Swedish vräka; cognate via PIE with Latin urgere (English urge), and distantly cognate with English wreck.

Robusto

Why can't I remember to put a question mark at the end of a question.

Mitch

I don't know?

Educ

@Lawrence do you know why ?

The room's name has become accurately pronounceable, but it would be more widely recognisable if spelt with the English alphabet.

Robusto

5:56 PM

@Mitch 15-love. Statement tendered as an interrogatory.

tchrist

> From Middle English wrong, from Old English wrang (“wrong, twisted, uneven”), from Old Norse rangr, *vrangr (“crooked, wrong”), from Proto-Germanic *wrangaz (“crooked, twisted, turned awry”), from Proto-Indo-European *werḱ-, *werǵ-, *wrengʰ- (“to twist, weave, tie together”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to turn, bend”). Cognate with Scots wrang (“wrong”), Danish vrang (“wrong, crooked”), Swedish vrång (“perverse, distorted”), Icelandic rangur (“wrong”), Dutch wrang (“bitter, sour”) and the name of the mythic Old Frisian city of Rungholt (“crooked wood”).

Educ

Does anyone knows why ?

Robusto

@Educ Who says we want it to be recognisable?

tchrist

Krummholz

Educ

@Robusto I don't know i'm just would like to know why it's has been changed that's all

Mitch

5:57 PM

@tchrist Chernobyl

Robusto

@Educ Because the mod present was driving a Caprice.

Educ

@Robusto Okay thank you

Mitch

A capricious Caprice Chevrolet.

Robusto

Or maybe eating cap rice?

tchrist

room topic changed to ðiː ˌɪŋkɒmpɹɨˈhɛnsɨbəɫ ɻʷuːm: For English language and regex enthusiasts; meta.english.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/chat-faq [phrase-requests] [pronunciation] [single-word-requests] [synonyms]

Robusto

5:58 PM

What the hell is cap rice anyway, and why is it so damned arbitrary?

Educ

@tchrist Thanks

tchrist

Krummholz

Krummholz or krumholtz (German: krumm, "crooked, bent, twisted" and Holz, "wood") — also called knieholz ("knee timber") — is a type of stunted, deformed vegetation encountered in subarctic and subalpine tree line landscapes, shaped by continual exposure to fierce, freezing winds. Under these conditions, trees can only survive where they are sheltered by rock formations or snow cover. As the lower portion of these trees continues to grow, the coverage becomes extremely dense near the ground. In Newfoundland and Labrador, the formation is known as tuckamore. == Species == Common trees sho...

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