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Anonymous
10:00
It looks like a coordinator to me.
Anonymous
@Nico Sleep is for the weak. And also for me.
It's still a conjunction to me.
Anonymous
But I repeat myself.
Anonymous
@DamkerngT. The logic of conjunction reduction is rather strange in this sentence.
Anonymous
[ One is two. ] and [ One is two. ] → [ One is two ] and [ one is two ] .
10:02
It sure is. But it makes sense to me more than saying it's a preposition.
Anonymous
I prefer an analysis which doesn't require reducing from two sentences: [ one and one ] is two
Anonymous
That aligns more closely with the coordinator terminology, I think.
Anonymous
But you can still call it a conjunction if you like
Anonymous
Preposition is right out.
Anonymous
Also of note: plus is a marginal coordinator: [ One plus one ] is two.
10:03
I think Maulik can argue that because plus in "one plus one is two" is a preposition.
Anonymous
No, it's not.
A dictionary seems to say so.
Anonymous
The dictionary is wrong.
(The one Google uses.)
Anonymous
Note that the same dictionary doesn't list and as a preposition.
10:05
conjunction = "a word used to connect clauses or sentences or to coordinate words in the same clause"
@snailboat That's also true.
I'm with @DamkerngT. here
Anonymous
About what, exactly?
about being a conjucntion
Anonymous
Yeah, that's fine.
10:06
certainly not a preposition
Anonymous
I basically agree with you, too.
Anonymous
I just use slightly different terminology (coordinator)
Let's push it a bit...
Anonymous
The actual terminology isn't as important as the idea expressed by it.
Anonymous
Preposition expresses a decidedly different idea.
10:06
What is and in "This company is about dad and son."
Anonymous
Absent?
Anonymous
Oh, you changed the question on me ;-)
Anonymous
A coordinator.
I'm afraid I just did. :-)
Anonymous
And here I was patting myself on the back! "How witty, snail boat! Good job!"
10:07
the reason I don't think is a preposition is because, in "A, B and C", "and" is not only linking B and C is also linking with A
Anonymous
Now I am left holding the proverbial bag.
prepositions only link two nouns
Suppose that I were on the pro-prep side, I might argue that "A, B, and C" is "A and [B and C]".
Anonymous
@DamkerngT. Oh, no! It's curried!
It's delicious too!
10:09
you'd be assuming a transitive property then
Anonymous
Yay!
a links b, b links c, then a links c
Anonymous
It's reasonable to suggest that [ A, B, and C ] is [ A and B and C ]
That is what a pro-prep might argue.
Anonymous
Why, I suggested that just the other day! ;-)
10:10
Hehe.
It is only reasonable if you also admit a transitive relation
Anonymous
@DamkerngT. Then why can't you reduce "A plate in the cupboard in the cabin" to "A plate, the cupboard, in the cabin"?
@snailboat Good point!
Anonymous
Fact is, prepositions don't pattern like coordinators, even if you come up with a similar representation for them.
Anonymous
You can't do the same stuff to them.
Anonymous
10:11
And the whole point of this part-of-speech stuff is to make our lives easier by identifying patterns and giving names to them.
I think this is not the first time that different dictionaries can give different answers.
anyway, at least in my mind when i read "A, B and C" it all belongs to the same phrase, and it's easier to understand as a whole than as the result of combining two phrases "A and B" and '"A and B" and C'
replace "and" with "or"
A, B, or C ~ A or B or C
Anonymous
Though do note that disjuncts are different from conjuncts.
10:14
@Nico I agree.
Anonymous
@Nico That makes sense, though it's not strictly true from a linguistics perspective.
Anonymous
Conjuncts need not be constituents, and the coordination may not constitute a phrase.
Anonymous
> We gave [ [ Kim a book ] and [ Pat a CD ] ] .
Anonymous
Neither [ Kim a book ] nor [ Pat a CD ] is a phrase in the formal sense, in that neither is a constituent.
Anonymous
> We gave [ Kim ] [ a book ] .
> We gave [ Pat ] [ a CD ] .
Anonymous
10:16
They're sequences of two NPs, but those sequences don't form phrases.
@snailboat I see, let me think more
Is this passable: A together with B is C.
Anonymous
@DamkerngT. I think so.
@snailboat I think "we gave Kim a book and Pat a CD" is actually the sentence "we gave Kim a book and [we gave] Pat a CD", so in this case "and" is a conjunction coordinating two clauses
Now, what are the PoSs of together and with?
I think I don't need to know them, but some might want to.
10:19
@Nico It's easier to think of it as an all inclusive list.
@Nico nods
could we say a conjunction coordinates, whereas a preposition subordinates? A, B, and C vs A of B
Ah, gotta go. See y'all later. Have a nice chat!
later pal
@DamkerngT. bye
Anonymous
10:22
@DamkerngT. That is what Quirk et al. call a two-word preposition.
Anonymous
See you, Damkerng!
Anonymous
@Nico A preposition does mark what follows as subordinate.
Anonymous
"Conjunctions" are traditionally divided into subordinating and coordinating conjunctions.
Anonymous
(Some people use the terms "coordinator" and "subordinator" instead.)
Anonymous
So that is perhaps not the best way to distinguish prepositions from conjunctions.
10:27
just kidding
Anonymous
But usually, a preposition is considered the head of its phrase (though its complement is subordinate to it).
Anonymous
Whereas no one posits "conjunction phrases".
Anonymous
When you say [ A and B ], you don't have an and-phrase.
A and B = B and A
Anonymous
@skullpatrol But and has semantics in English.
Anonymous
10:29
> I [ went to the store ] and [ bought some milk ] .
> I [ bought some milk ] and [ went to the store ] .
Anonymous
Do you consider these sentences to have equivalent meaning?
@snailboat, could you give an example of a subordinating conjunction that doesn't subordinate two clauses? For example, "and" can be used in "Alice and Bob" and in "I read and [I] write", is this possible with a subordinator?
Anonymous
@Nico A coordinator coordinates. It puts two things on equal footing. A subordinator does not--it only subordinates one thing beneath something else. They're fairly different things.
Anonymous
You're asking if I can give you a non-clausal subordinator, I think.
10:36
that's why you don't want to call them conjunctions?
Anonymous
Well, there's no obvious reason to group them together into one class. And conjunction has a specific logical meaning which doesn't apply to all "coordinating conjunctions" nor to all "subordinating conjunctions"
Before this chat I understood that a conjunction could link clauses, but also other elements as in "Alice and Bob". Now, I realise that when a conjunction is used in "Alice and Bob", this role is similar to that of a preposition. It isn't a preposition because (it's not limited to subordinating two elements". So now I was wondering whether "subordinators" can only link clauses, or also can step on prepositions's toes and try to subordinate other elements.
Anonymous
Huddleston & Pullum limit "subordinator" to a relatively small class of words which mark clauses as subordinate and do not function as heads: that, whether, if. (The use of if is the one that is interchangeable with whether.)
Anonymous
Whereas "prepositions" do function as heads and can introduce a wide variety of elements. (In their analysis, prepositions are not limited to taking NPs as complements. This is different from traditional analysis.)
Anonymous
Hence we have preposition phrases, but not "subordinator phrases".
10:46
OK, I think that answers my question.
Anonymous
That's not the only analysis, by the way.
Anonymous
(Quirk et al. have a rather large category of subordinators!)
Sorry, gotta go!
thanks for giving me something to think about
Anonymous
Have a good, um, er, some unit of time!
UK here
Anonymous
10:52
Ah, have a good day, then! :-)
Anonymous
A-ha! My guess was right. Maulik pulled that preposition definition for and and its example from Word Web Online!
Anonymous
That's a really questionable dictionary.
Anonymous
The OED does list two obsolete senses which it marks prep. It says and, conj. formerly prep.
13:24
1
Q: what does "jump in" mean here?

mokIn the following sentence what does the jump in mean? (Does it mean hurry or sth like that?) "The best way to appreciate a software development framework is to jump right in and use it " Obviously I know the meaning of either jump and in but I have no idea about the former sentence.

Is this a general reference question?
Anonymous
You mean a "Basic questions on spelling, meaning or pronunciation are off-topic as they should be answered using a dictionary. See: Policy for questions that are entirely answerable with a dictionary" question? :-)
13:25
The OP even said, "What does 'jump in' mean here?"
Anonymous
Which of these is an acceptable resource?
Anonymous
Macmillan's definition seems good.
Anonymous
The other three I'd pass on.
I would say any, but I didn't look them up.
Anonymous
13:27
Well, I just looked for dictionaries indexed by onelook containing jump in.
Anonymous
Of those, only Macmillan is helpful in this case.
Anonymous
Now, let's see under jump!
Anonymous
Oxford has an okay one, though it has "with both feet"
Anonymous
Hmm.
Anonymous
13:28
It doesn't seem really easy to find in dictionaries.
Anonymous
I don't think I'll close vote
Anonymous
Although Macmillan has a good definition. I'll drop a link!
I think TFD is also good.
Anonymous
It's okay.
To me, when I googled for "define X" or "X meaning", TFD usually showed up at the top of the list.
Anonymous
13:32
Oh. I'm not way too fond of that site.
It's definitely not the best in each definition, but it's probably the best in the sense that we can find almost any word or phrase there.
Anonymous
Well, it's just a collection of several other sources which you can access independently.
Ah, that explains what I feel.
Anonymous
At least, the dictionary content.
Anonymous
The main one is the AHD.
13:34
AHD is one of my favorites, but you'd probably know that.
I still have it in (two) pieces.
Anonymous
I suppose you might prefer to read it through TFD, then.
Anonymous
Because the official site has Flash.
Oh, that, too!
Anonymous
(Just for audio.)
Anonymous
You can always access it through Yahoo!: education.yahoo.com/reference/dictionary/entry/snail
13:36
A-ha! Thanks for the link. I've never known about this one.
Anonymous
The actual link to bookmark is this one
Just one link apart. :D
Yay!
A handful of my rep points I got on ELU I got them from similar questions.
Anonymous
Similar to what? To each other?
13:40
It's not difficult, just look up the words in dictionaries, paste them as your answers.
It was fun, especially during the Hats season. :D
Anonymous
If questions can be answered by dictionary pasting, I think they're supposed to be closed.
Anonymous
Hey, that reminds me!
Then, the more I pasted them, I more I realized that it should be off-topic.
Anonymous
0
A: What does "rather" mean in "rather Jimmy Olsen-ish"?

user4084Meaning of RATHER in english: •on the contrary; "rather than disappoint the children, he did two quick tricks before he left"; "he didnt call; rather (or instead), he wrote her a letter"; "used English terms instead of Latin ones" •to some (great or small) extent; "it was rather cold"; "the part...

Anonymous
This is a copy+paste from a dictionary that doesn't give any credit.
13:42
Oh! speechless
I bet that we can find the original via Google.
Looks like TFD.
> Adv. 1. rather - on the contrary; "rather than disappoint the children, he did two quick tricks before he left"; "he didn't call; rather (or instead), he wrote her a letter"; "used English terms instead of Latin ones"
instead
2. rather - to some (great or small) extent; "it was rather cold"; "the party was rather nice"; "the knife is rather dull"; "I rather regret that I cannot attend"; "He's rather good at playing the cello"; "he is kind of shy"
kind of, kinda, sort of
3. rather - more readily or willingly; "clean it well, preferably with warm water"; "I'd rather be in Philadelphia"; "I'
Perhaps he got it from WordNet.
Anonymous
That is among TFD's sources, I believe
Yes.
I found the exact wordings on TFD, but then it was listed in such a way that 1. 2. 3. 4. should be copied too.
He pasted it as bullets.
Anonymous
They also left out #4.
Yes. Perhaps to avoid plagiarism.
Anonymous
I put #4 back in.
13:47
Hehe.
I think this site needs more knowledgeable native speakers.
Anonymous
So does Japanese.SE
nods
Oh #4 can explain my Discovery of the Day.
Anonymous
Oh! So it can. ;-)
> I tried to look it closely.
Is that okay?
Anonymous
No. Look is generally intransitive.
Anonymous
13:56
Look at it
I think "Look me in the eye" is probably the only phrase I know that "look" seems to be transitive.
I'm not even sure if it should be either "eye" or "eyes".
Anonymous
Me either. Either/or?
Anonymous
You can look someone up and down.
Anonymous
I'm stealing examples from dictionaries.
0
A: When to add "up" after a verb and when not?

Maulik VOkay, so here we are talking about the adverb(ial) particles. They are the little words but add some spice to the sentences. Let me try these examples - a) He took a pack of cigarettes and lit it (no up because you are just lighting it). b) The candles lit up the whole room (up because whe...

Anonymous
13:58
You can look your age.
Anonymous
(Or not look your age!)
Anonymous
You can look daggers at someone.
Anonymous
Your house can look north.
@snailboat It can be either a good thing or a bad thing!
Maulik's punch line (the last sentence) sounds rather odd to me.
But I'm a bit tired, so I asked you instead. :-)
Anonymous
You can use a cognate object, too. You can look a look.
Anonymous
14:00
You can even look a gift horse in the mouth.
I don't know this last one.
Anonymous
It's an idiom.
I bet it's an idiom. :D
Anonymous
Cognate objects are fun. Even die can be transitive with one: "He died a grisly death!"
Hah! ELU is the 2nd result.
Anonymous
14:02
For what? "Cognate object"?
9
Q: Don't look a gift-horse in the mouth

Thursagen Don't look a gift-horse in the mouth. What is a gift-horse? Why shouldn't you look in its mouth? What does this idiom actually mean and how is it used?

Anonymous
A-ha!
Anonymous
It's in Japanese!
Anonymous
A lot of my Google results are :-)
14:04
Hmm... Perhaps Google might give us biased results.
Hi Folks!
:-)
When we do self-evaluation, perhaps we should do it in Private Browsing mode.
Hello @Utkarsh
Anonymous
@DamkerngT. Google gives different people different results.
Anonymous
It'll still use stuff like your language settings.
But for regular ELL users, perhaps Google will try to return results related to ELL as much as possible.
Anonymous
14:06
Perhaps. But probably not.
Anonymous
As far as I'm aware, they don't do that at the moment.
Anyway, the next time we do self-evaluation, I will search things in private mode. :-)
Anonymous
Hooray!
Anonymous
I cheat. I decide for myself if something is excellent or needs improvement.
Anonymous
14:08
Today I learned that foosball is probably from German.
Anonymous
A German friend insisted I spell it fussball.
What about futball?
Anonymous
What about it?
Anonymous
I have no idea what it is :-)
From which language?
Also futsol.
Probably Portuguese.
Anonymous
> 1980s: partly from Brazilian Portuguese, shortened from futebol du salão, and partly from Spanish, shortened from fútbol sala or fútbol de salón.
Anonymous
But I don't know what futball is.
Maybe fútbol.
Anonymous
As far as I'm aware, it's not an English word.
I think I've seen fulball somewhere.
No I don't think it's an English word.
Anonymous
14:11
Well, foosball is, so you changed the subject :-)
@snailboat can you check using your mod tool that when i was suspended and why?
When you mentioned foosball, I thought of this futball.
Anonymous
@Utkarsh Only if you were suspended from Japanese Language!
Anonymous
That's where I'm a moderator.
hmmm
14:12
You're suspended where?
These AU mods suspend me for 10 minutes on chat
I don't know why
Anonymous
Oh, were you suspended from chat?
Anonymous
in Ask Ubuntu General Room, 6 mins ago, by Oli
@Utkarsh I'll refer you back the monster comment. And also because deleting huge batches of messages (not just two) is something you have done before multiple times. You have been warned about it at least seventy three thousand and one times now. You were lucky to get the last warning.
yeah! AU mods is getting mad
Hello
Anonymous
Well, you appear to know why you were suspended.
14:14
Okay leave it now
Anonymous
Yabbut, why are you arguing this with me? :-)
@snailboat not you ;p
@DamkerngT. what's the time there?
Anonymous
The time at the tone will be 21:16.
Anonymous
Ding!
14:16
7:46pm here
Ah! Fragrance of new books is tasty ;p
Anonymous
Fragrance of new books is tasty indeed.
By the way, my microwave does sound ding not beep. :-)
Anonymous
@DamkerngT. Ding!
14:17
Yay!
@snailboat Most books are.
But some of them smell wrong.
Anonymous
@DamkerngT. Oh, yeah.
Anonymous
I don't like the smell of all books. But I do like the smell of most :-)
My new Science book smells like Strawberry IceCream ;p
Yes. I don't know what publishers did to them.
Anonymous
I'm afraid I have a few books that have acquired a musty aroma.
14:18
Most books from the US smells quite right!
Anonymous
I've noticed that books printed in Japan tend to smell different.
Oh, I remember that I like the smell of the real Monopoly a lot.
Can't explain why, though.
(My aunt bought Monopoly for me, twice!)
Anonymous
Oh, hooray!
Anonymous
She participated in capitalism, helping the game to come true.
Smell of Old Books is Horrible
14:20
So, when we ran out of money we could get more money from the old one. Houses and hotels too!
I remember that we had more than ten people playing together once.
hahaha everyone is happy because i am leaving SE ;p
in Ask Ubuntu General Room, 2 mins ago, by Utkarsh
by the way, I am going to delete my account in a week
@Utkarsh It can be horrible.
Anonymous
@Utkarsh Why announce that you're leaving?
Anonymous
You can leave or stay as you like. There's no need to involve others in it.
AU is also a nice community, I think.
Anonymous
14:23
@DamkerngT. How does that work out in the end?
@snailboat what, if they think that utkarsh is a coward who was afrraid of a mod, Oli
Anonymous
@Utkarsh I don't think anyone's judging your bravery.
@DamkerngT. Not at all! You're suspended from chat if, you even delete your message
@snailboat I can't really remember it exactly, but it was super fun.
@snailboat Nope, Everyone is happy! as i am annoying ;p
Anonymous
14:24
@Utkarsh Just don't worry about any of that. Let it go. You're here, not there.
@Utkarsh You don't have to take it too seriously.
Anonymous
It's just chat.
Anonymous
Our ELL chat isn't super busy, so we don't have much call for moderating. Us blue name folks are more or less just regular users around here :-)
Anonymous
I'm not sure anyone's ever flagged a message in here.
14:26
My name is in black.
Anonymous
It sure is!
@snailboat but i think that it is wasting my time
Anonymous
And italics, looks like. What's with that?
Anonymous
@Utkarsh Then you're free to leave or to continue wasting time. I've wasted a lot of time in chat. It's fun, sometimes :-)
Hah! I just noticed it, it's in italic indeed.
Anonymous
14:27
Sometimes I learn things.
chat is like a Drug which is good at first, then it is addictive
Anonymous
Earlier today in chat, I learned about foosball probably coming from German. And then I learned about fully-fledged from Maulik.
Anonymous
@Utkarsh Stack Exchange is designed to be addictive.
Isn't that nice? :-)
Anonymous
Don't feel bad about blocking it out at any time and leaving.
Anonymous
14:28
You can always come back later if you have more time.
but every night, i am worried about my rep
Anonymous
Reputation means very little on SE.
all the time, i think about the answers that i gave to others
Anonymous
Do you worry about your high score on Galaga?
Anonymous
(If you've never heard of Galaga, I think I'm going to take a minute to feel old and make some food.)
14:30
I've never heard of Galaga!
@snailboat Should I delete my account? When I am bored, I chat here but dad says that i must learn to program something instead of chatting here
Maybe you can take a minute to feel young and make some food.
Anonymous
@Utkarsh Doing something constructive is good.
@Utkarsh You should listen to your chat. Oops, you dad.
Anonymous
Making connections is useful in life. But spending all day on chat is not, and there are other ways to make connections, like going to college.
14:32
nods
Anonymous
Learning is useful, however you do it.
Anonymous
(Well, most learning is useful. You can dedicate your life to learning useless things if you aren't careful, I suppose :-)
We sure can!
@snailboat currently, I have my holidays and i can't go to school or college
Anonymous
@Utkarsh That was more of a long-term comment.
14:35
@snailboat ?
can't understand you
Anonymous
What do you want to learn, anyway?
Anonymous
The world doesn't need more programmers who don't want to program.
Anonymous
(But you can take an interest in anything you want to learn.)
I want to take interest in photoshop
Anonymous
Oh yeah? Graphic design, photo manipulation, stuff like that?
14:37
Sometimes, dad gives me various work like removeing someone's mustache or changeing clothes etc.
and when, i can't do it, I get scolding from dad like "You waste a lot of time in chat! learn something useful!"
Anonymous
Well, you could try learning a few different things. See what you like.
Anonymous
Maybe if you try to learn how to program, you'll love it.
Anonymous
If you do, that'll give you an edge over all the people who just want to learn how to do it for money :-)
Anonymous
0
Q: What does this "in" mean?

user4550Ginsberg and Power were friends and, briefly, lovers. The piece is both raw and complex in thinking through their friendship and how we mourn.Source What does this "in" mean? As a sidenote, I don't know how the lover is used here. Is the word used like this in a friendly meaning? Not a serious...

Anonymous
I don't think so. In is when. — user4550 8 mins ago
14:41
@snailboat but programing is hard. i don't have any money and no one can teach me
Anonymous
I'm confused. If the OP knows with such confidence what in means in this sentence (and I'm not saying I agree), why did they ask with no elaboration?
Anonymous
@Utkarsh You can teach yourself. It is hard, yes.
okay thanks @snailboat @DamkerngT.
Anonymous
"Hard" doesn't mean that you can't do it. It just means it takes work. You can put work into it if you want.
Anonymous
Don't convince yourself that because something is "hard" that you can't do it.
14:42
@snailboat anyways, can you suspend me when i am bored?
i just feel soooooo aggressive as i feel totalllly bored and come here.
Anonymous
@Utkarsh If you want to leave, leave.
Anonymous
I have no part in it.
14 secs ago, by Utkarsh
i just feel soooooo aggressive as i feel totalllly bored and come here.
@snailboat okay, by bye and good night. oops, good mid-night to you!
Anonymous
Thanks, you too!
Oh, good night! See you.
(I was trying to read that "in" question.)
Anonymous
14:44
Do you think I misunderstood his comment?
I think he was saying, "I don't think "In is when" is right."
Oh, I just did nested double-quotes.
I'm more surprised by oerkelens' answer.
Really? When?
Anonymous
I usually do "nested quotes 'like this', although I'm not terribly consistent about it".
The OP could get much more out of their question by asking for the possible parses.

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