As I understood, voltage / electric field propagates between wires with almost speed of light, hence we can use this feature for 2 purposes.
First, we can transfer electric power wherever we want. E.g. when I plug kettle in outlet, the voltage would force charge flow through the kettle depending on it impedance. In this case actual voltages can be very high.
Second, it can be used for transmission of information with speed of light. Telegraph, coaxial cable, PCB traces etc. Its better to use low voltages here and we give them some meaning, e.g. logic 1 or logic 0.