Pho Khun Ram Khamhaeng (; ca. 1237/1247 – 1298) was the third king of the Phra Ruang dynasty, ruling the Sukhothai Kingdom (a forerunner of the modern kingdom of Thailand) from 1278–1298, during its most prosperous era. He is credited with the creation of the Thai alphabet and the firm establishment of Theravada Buddhism as the state religion of the kingdom. Recent scholarship has cast doubt on his role, however, noting that much of the information relating to his rule may have been fabricated in the 19th century in order to legitimize the Siamese state in the face of colonial threa...

The six-hour clock is a traditional timekeeping system used in Thai and formerly Lao language and Khmer language, alongside the official 24-hour clock. Like the other common systems, it counts twenty-four hours in a day, but divides the day into four quarters, counting six hours in each. The hours in each quarter (with the exception of the sixth hour in each quarter) are told with period-designating words or phrases, which are: *... mong chao (, ) for the first half of daytime (07:00 to 12:59) *Bai ... mong (, ) for the latter half of daytime (13:00 to 18:59) *... thum (, ) for the first ha...