English Language & Usage: Multi-Layered Discourse Room

Cerberus

20:00

The heart of the matter is: does who refer back to he or to the boys?

Robusto

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. I am a reference. But now you're asking me to do some work, and I decline.

4

Cerberus

Google "singular plural defining relative clause".

alphabet

@Lambie All I can say is: I generally downvote answers that don't include citations from reliable sources, since their accuracy is impossible to verify; if you just say "I've heard it for years and years," I have no way of knowing exactly how often you've heard it, where those speakers are from, and to what extent they're relevant to the situation described by the OP.

Lambie

There was a big discussion about this in the Portuguese site. It is about 1%. One percent of the students who miss the class OR One percent of the boys who misses the class? I say this: One percent misses the class every year. BUT: One percent of the boys miss the class every year. Only boys can miss class, percents cannot. Generally speaking, I'd go with the antecedent. One of the boys who are good at English.

alphabet

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. english.stackexchange.com/a/233426/470858

This question has been asked several times on ELU.

Lambie

20:03

@alphabet Yes, and that's the problem with SE and its sites. It is not equipped to deal with many types of questions. The change from a to the in the typical pattern: I went to a restaurant yesterday. The restaurant was great. That typical usage and pattern is hard to find sources for. However, any good native speaker will automatically do that switch from a to the. So, it is not about a or the. It is about the relationship between the two sentences.

I don't know who I am.

Well, I was discussing this point with people on social networks. They just rejected singular verb. Then I just took some pictures of Oxford Practical English Usage by Michael Swan in which he used both of them.

But people didn't accept the singular verb. So, I was thinking of gathering some authentic sources to give them.

alphabet

@Lambie On very basic questions, yes, that makes sense, but it's questionable when you're talking about uses from regional dialects that you'd expect to be present in a dictionary but can't find.

Lambie

Let's change the sentence: One of the boys comes to school without breakfast. Clearly, singular.

alphabet

Yes, but the rule is different in relative clauses; see the answer from Auracaria that I linked above.

That question also has several other answers, and there have been a bunch of duplicates of it with answers of their own.

(Incidentally: for more complicated questions about a and the, you actually do need sources, since you need to provide the general rules that explain why a particular article should be used; native speakers are quite bad at doing this based on pure intuition.)

Lambie

One [[of the boys]] [who] comes to school without breakfast is nice. One of the boys who come to school is nice [buzzer]. Why buzzer? Because the sentence needs a verb to go with the subject.

alphabet

20:11

See the answer I linked above. Yet again, intuition misleads.

It's a bit more complicated.

I don't know who I am.

@alphabet. Thanks but what should I tell my students to follow? Singular or plural...?

But we have to use the verb according to THE BOYS, right?

alphabet

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Both are equally correct. I'm not sure which is more common.

I don't know who I am.

Micheal Swan said that SINGULAR VERBS are commonly used.

alphabet

Both are commonly used.

Lambie

He is//one of the boys// who is good at English. You can't say: One of the boys come to school without books.

I don't know who I am.

20:15

I think in exams or tests, plural verb is more accurate.

Maybe Singular verb is informally used.

alphabet

You would expect the right answer to be plural, since in "He is one of the boys who__________good at English" the subject of the relative clause is understood to be plural. But there's a special rule that the word one can override the normal subject-verb agreement rules in cases like this; that's presumably the point that Swan is trying to make.

I don't know who I am.

Is this discussion available in Cambridge's book?

Yes, that's right.

Can you help to reach that screenshot of Cambridge?

He's [one of those people who always want to have the last word]. -- (

alphabet

Neither is more accurate than the other. This answer suggests that, while some style guides insist on the plural there, both are very common and other style guides say both are fine.

I don't know who I am.

I mean the sentence which was mentioned there in the main website of Stacker change.

Lambie

I don't think boys is the subject of the relative clause. One of the boys who is good at English. The relative clause is: who is/are good at English, not boys who.

Boys who are good at English sit over there. Subject /Boys/ relative clause ?who are good at English/ predicate /sit over there?.

alphabet

20:20

The subject of the relative clause is who, but we understand that who as plural since it's anaphoric to the boys. But this can get overridden because of the special properties of one.

I don't know who I am.

I see.

So, both are grammatically correct.

alphabet

Yes, exactly.

As the answers I linked above explain.

I don't know who I am.

Is it available in Cambridge Grammar of English by Ronald Carter and Micheal?

Lambie

Well, I don't accept that overriding business. I say are is standard and is is used by many people.

alphabet

Those answers cite a number of reliable sources (usage manuals and grammar textbooks). Do you have better ones?

I don't know who I am.

20:23

@Lambie. In our tests, specially, in Asian countries, people don't accept Singular verb, they stick to plural.

alphabet

It is true that some usage manuals will tell you to use the plural there; others say either is acceptable, though, and from a descriptive point of view both are common.

I don't know who I am.

According to descriptive grammar, plural is right, right?

And perceptive grammar uses singular?

Lambie

You know the word anaphoric came late to English grammar...yes, from a descriptive point of view sure.

alphabet

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. No.

Lambie

descriptive and prescriptivist

I don't know who I am.

20:25

What's anaphoric?

alphabet

As I explained: both versions are grammatically correct, though some usage manuals prefer the plural version.

I don't know who I am.

I don't know why I face these challenges in grammar.

Lambie

One of the boys is nice. One of the boys are nice [buzzer]. So, One of the boys who speaks good English is whatever.

alphabet

I would try asking ELL if you have more questions; you'll generally get better answers there than you can in chat.

@Lambie The answer linked above explains why things are a bit more complicated.

I don't know who I am.

@alphabet. So it was from Reference: The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language, Huddleston & Pullum [et al], 2002.? Right...?

alphabet

20:30

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Yes, but that's a linguistics textbook so it may not be useful for learners.

I don't know who I am.

But it's authentic one. So, we can easily convince people who don't accept this.

Which one is okay for grammar? I mean which books should I follow to study for grammar?

alphabet

I'd ask ELL instead of this chatroom.

I don't know who I am.

Okay, @alphabet. Sure. So send me the link after the discussion m

I will also read it.

alphabet

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. You can ask ELL here: ell.stackexchange.com

I don't know who I am.

Unfortunately they will attach that link to read.

So I am not comfortable to ask there.

I wanted to get your views.

Because you guys have already been there to share points on it.

alphabet

20:41

If your specific question isn't adequately answered by the answers linked above, you can post a new question with your more specific inquiry.

I don't know who I am.

0

Q: Antecedent agreement-verb and subject

Which verbs or verb should be used to fix the grammatical point? He is one of the boys who_____interested in learning English. is are Both are acceptable. Let me know why? Attach any references to support your ideas. Moreover, I have also gone through Oxford Practical English Usage by Michael S...

I have asked this there.

@alphabet. Is my method to ask question there is okay? If it needs edits, kindly do.

alphabet

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. ELL users will decide that. They may just link you to the same answers we did, though, unless you make it very clear why your question is different.

I don't know who I am.

@alphabet. Thanks a bunch for kind help. Anyway, I am a government teacher from Pakistan. How about you?

alphabet

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. I'm a raccoon.

I don't know who I am.

Oh, great to meet you. I guess you are a teacher too.

@alphabet. Your name should be raccoon 🦝.

Oh, these animals are found in North America.

alphabet

20:51

Not a teacher, just an amateur.

I don't know who I am.

I see. That's great!

Well, why can't I find the rooms in ELL?

I used to be there with StonyBay, Khan, Fumble Fingers and MAR.

How can I find their rooms, @alphabet?

alphabet

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Dunno.

I don't know who I am.

Can you help me to reach out there?

Laurel

@Lambie I mean, I'd like to talk to you about the comments you're making (calmly lol), but I don't have time rn

Mitch

@alphabet Dude. Just start a raccoon class already.

Also, is it 'racoon' or 'raccoon'? That should be lesson 1.

alphabet

21:04

Both spellings are, I believe, acceptable.

Did you know? Raccoon is an agglutinative language; the word human literally means "stripeless idiot."

Mitch

@alphabet I didn't know that.

@alphabet That statement itself is considered acceptable by some and unacceptable by others.

Lambie

In order to accept the argument for One of the things that make/makes him great, you have to cut the parse at "things that". That for me, is inaccurate.

alphabet

Raccoon vs. grapes

Lambie

@Laurel Laurel, it would depend on what you are referring to.

alphabet

@Lambie For you, perhaps, it is. Other speakers (most, I think, including me) find both versions acceptable.

Gary the Raccoon

I don't know who I am.

21:22

Some people say "coon" very offensive word for a black person.

Mitch

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. You would learn that in the second class from @alphabet. He's vey good at all things raccoon.

I don't know who I am.

Lol! I don't want to learn about Racoons. I want to learn about Grammar only which is my passion.

Mitch

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. He's told us all we need to know about raccoon grammar:

22 mins ago, by alphabet

Did you know? Raccoon is an agglutinative language; the word human literally means "stripeless idiot."

Maybe we'd also need a dictionary too.

I don't know who I am.

Racoon grammar is a hard nut to crack.

jlliagre

Wordle 959 4/6

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Lambie

21:34

@alphabet It is not that I don't find it acceptable. I find it to be non-standard due to the parse. And the override thing is a bit much. I will say this once again (NB: No sarcasm intended at all): As a linguist whatever anyone says is fine. From the finest trailer trash to the grossest bourgeois/upper class cant. People speak like they speak. That said, correcting a PhD thesis is not going down to the corner store and chatting with people.

I don't know who I am.

Hi, is it a game? @jlliagre.

jlliagre

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Yes: nytimes.com/games/wordle/index.html

I don't know who I am.

@Lambie. You're a language lover. However, I love grammar. 😍

@jlliagre. Would it improve my memory power or vocabulary?

jlliagre

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. I don't know who you are.

Lambie

I gave you a very nice answer on ELL. I explained that the powers that be (formal grammarians on ELL and the books they quote) think it's fine. We say here in the states: What else do you want? Eggs in your beer? [That's a joke for those who might misread me.] But allow me to say that linguists don't do right and wrong or pass judgments on how people speak. They merely identify those manners of speech/writing.

Cerberus

21:38

They pretend to, at least.

Robusto

Daily Quordle 740
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Lambie

There's also twordle, and zwordle. Oh wait, that last one hasn't been invented yet.

I don't know who I am.

@jlliagre. I am who I am. Lol!

@Lambie. I will accept your answer there. Let others share their opinions on it.

@Lambie. I like your positivity. Thanks for being with us here.

Lambie

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Why thank you I-don't-know-who-I-am. Thank you for recognizing me.

jlliagre

21:53

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. You know it! Your nickname is misleading :-) Anyway, how would I know if it would improve you vocabulary if I have no idea about it? Anyway, I like this family of games because they they involve logic, memory, and also guessing from its spelling what might be an acceptable word in English (I'm a non native speaker.)

alphabet

@Lambie There are actually a large number of such overrides. Examples: "A number of people are still waiting in line," "Three eggs is enough for me," "Two miles is a long way to run," etc.

Robusto

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Don't let @jlliagre fool you. He's what I'd call near-native, and in multiple languages.

He makes me work at these stupid games.

Mitch

To be clear, @jlliagre is no raccoon.

jlliagre

That, I agree.

tchrist

@Lambie Those eggs beer in mint people always confuse me.

jlliagre

22:02

There is only one raccoon and Alphabet is his name.

Mitch

I feel like you're about to break out in a song.

Robusto

@Mitch Or pimples.

tchrist

@Mitch Coons, toons, and raconteurs. And -teuses.

Mitch

@Robusto Are you telling me he's some sort of goose? Or teenager?

tchrist

Mongoose! C'est toi!

Robusto

22:04

@Mitch Wait, goose? Ruining his liver to make paté, you mean?

jlliagre

Foie gras is not paté!

I don't know who I am.

Why do we talk about Raccoon? Is it our subject today?

Robusto

@jlliagre You don't make that out of goose liver?

tchrist

Rapacities full of turnips.

Robusto

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Only one person keeps harping on that.

I don't know who I am.

22:06

Who is that, @Robusto?

tchrist

My Furies can beat your Harpies!

Robusto

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Look at the gravatars.

The person icons.

I don't know who I am.

Is it harpoon or Harpon?

jlliagre

@Robusto Yes but calling it paté is a misnomer.

Mitch

@Robusto Il faut souffrir pour être belle.

I don't know who I am.

22:07

Omg! That's raccoon. I found his DP. Lol 😂

tchrist

THOU SHALT NOT WORSHIP FALSE ICONS.

I don't know who I am.

Guys, I guess he will get angry at us. Don't make a sport of him...!

Robusto

@jlliagre What do you expect from me? I didn't attend the Sorbonne, you know.

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. We're not worried.

Mitch

@jlliagre Is this one of those Holy Roman Empire things again?

tchrist

A Song for Arbonne

A Song for Arbonne is a novel by Canadian writer Guy Gavriel Kay published in 1992. It is set in a fantasy world with two moons and is loosely based on 12th-century Provence and the Albigensian Crusade. There were 25,000 copies of the book published in the first printing. == Plot == The story is set in Arbonne, a fictional country bordered by the countries of Arimonda, Gorhaut, Gotzland, Portezza and Valensa. Residents of these countries worship one of two deities, the war god Corannos or the mother goddess Rian. The main protagonist is a Coran soldier named Blaise from Gorhaut. Like other men...

Mitch

22:09

Is foie gras a terrine?

Dannyu NDos

Y'all mean pâte?

jlliagre

@Robusto Neither did I but fun fact, I was at the Sorbonne this afternoon.

Robusto

@jlliagre Well, you're definitely one up on me then.

I don't know who I am.

@jlliagre. Are you a girl or boy? 😲

Mitch

@jlliagre Oh la la. I was at ... counts on fingers ... at home today.

tchrist

22:10

@DannyuNDos Oui ! Comme un coq en pâte.

jlliagre

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. A boy.

I don't know who I am.

@tchrist. I asked a question about English grammar on ELL. I need to get your views as well if you get Free.

Well, I missed Cataji as well.

tchrist

That's be six bits a minute.

Robusto

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Mitch

@tchrist Cha ching

jlliagre

22:12

@Robusto I'm stuck at #1

Dannyu NDos

Too sadge my IME can compose circumflexes but not carons.

Cerberus

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. It is generally not recommended that you @ specific people with requests in chat. Instead, just post your question and hope someone will see it; don't ask to ask.

I don't know who I am.

@Robusto. I don't know how to play it.

Robusto

@jlliagre I know, right? That was my hangup.

tchrist

@DannyuNDos I'm still impressed that you called out the mispellings!

> < French pâté (c1170 in Old French in sense II.2a; 1711–13 or earlier in sense I.1; 1739 in sense II.2b in pâté de foie gras pâté de foie gras n. (compare earlier pâté en pot chopped meat cooked in a pot: end of the 14th cent. in Middle French)) < pâte paste n. + ‑é ‑ate suffix1. With sense II.2a compare earlier pasty n., patty n., petit pâté n.

I don't know who I am.

22:13

@Cerberus. Okay, thanks for your kind words.

tchrist

No Peppermint Patty for our goose.

Mitch

@DannyuNDos to get a corcumflex, I had to use my phone to type it, then message that to myself, and open messaging in my laptop browser and cut and paste.

It was worth it.

jlliagre

@tchrist Yes, you can make paté from foie gras, that doesn't mean foie gras is a paté.

Robusto

@Mitch Oh yeah? Then how do you get a circumflex?

tchrist

@jlliagre yes yes

Dannyu NDos

22:14

@Mitch Being on Linux is helpful.

tchrist

@DannyuNDos Or a Mac.

Which is BSD.

Lambie

@alphabet Those are not that/who verb predicate. Anyway, a number of = several, (more than two less than many) several people are/three eggs is enough for me=non-standard, yes. Two miles is a long way. Tipically, distances are singular. But here's one for you: A lot of people go there. Usually not preceded by: Who goes there? [again, a joke, just in case the speech police are out and about].

Mitch

@DannyuNDos I'm on everything -but- Linux.

Cerberus

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. I don't think I was kind haha, but thank you.

Mitch

...and Windows.

tchrist

22:15

ě ê

Mitch

... and a bunch of other ones.

Dannyu NDos

That said, I complained about inability to compose carons because of pinyin.

I don't know who I am.

@Cerberus. I am lil kid. Don't make me unhappy.

tchrist

@DannyuNDos Natively on the keyboard, right. It's a bother. I use an assist.

I don't know who I am.

@Lambie. I guess he was talking about notional concord.

alphabet

22:16

@Lambie Yes, the rules are complicated, which is why "lot" gets used with a singular verb but "number" doesn't. Note that, while "a number of people" and "several people" have the same meaning, they differ in syntactic structure; the "a" shows it's a singular NP.

Cerberus

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. You're good.

How old are you?

Lambie

@Mitch ah gees, you need the international keyboard.

Cerberus

@alphabet Hmm when is lot singular?

jlliagre

Daily Octordle #740
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I don't know who I am.

@Cerberus. I am 25.

alphabet

22:18

@Cerberus Sorry, I meant to say that "lot" also goes with a plural verb. Got confused for a second.

Robusto

@jlliagre Finally. We've been waiting for, like, an hour or something.

I don't know who I am.

It depends on the contexts again when talking about a lot.

Lambie

@Cerberus Not in: The Crying of Lot 49.

I don't know who I am.

A lot of money was misused. A lot of books were read.

jlliagre

@Robusto I know, I'll try to be more focused next time.

Cerberus

22:19

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Oh, you're tiny.

@Lambie Is that the Bible?

I don't know who I am.

@Cerberus. How about you, friend?

Cerberus

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Good example.

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. 40.

Lambie

@alphabet A semantic "override" is preferable to getting one's knickers in a twist with "One of the /boys who etc./ a number of is in the dictionary. boys who is not.

alphabet

Though it doesn't apply if there's a singular noun after "a lot of," as in "A lot of water was spilled on the floor."

@Lambie "A number of" is in the dictionary, but it's not a syntactic constituent.

Lambie

@Cerberus No, a lot is a batch.

alphabet

22:21

Point is: subject/verb agreement is more complicated than "a plural NP goes with a plural verb form" and "a singular NP goes with a singular verb form."

Dannyu NDos

Whenever I see "NP", I think of the complexity class.

Cerberus

@Lambie OK.

Robusto

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Lambie

I was not the one who brought that up. Just responding to your posts...a number of is in the dictionary as meaning the humble several, adjective.

Robusto

@DannyuNDos Ah, right. Software complexities.

Lambie

22:23

@Cerberus I confess I was being tricky wicky.

Cerberus

Angry!

I don't know who I am.

With singular A LOT I guess uncountable nouns were used, I guess.

Dannyu NDos

@Robusto As in P vs NP.

alphabet

Another example: "The committee have finally reached a decision," which is generally considered correct and standard in BrE but not AmE.

Mitch

@Lambie I have a MacBook Air, and the iOS keyboard gives, with the US keyboard, some extras like a cedilla and some diacritics on vowels. -usually-

I don't know who I am.

22:25

Well, collective nouns are happy with both singular or plural in BrE. But Americans use singular a lot.

Mitch

But I must have pressed some unknown keyboard shortcut and now it just repeats characters instead of giving the alternate characters.

Lambie

@Mitch The shopgirls and coiffeuses actually say that.

I don't know who I am.

It depends on how you use it. If it's a single unit then use singular verb, if it's collection of individuals then use plural.

Lambie

@alphabet Exactly, it's a single unit. It doesn't break down.

I don't know who I am.

In British English, singular words like family, team, government, which refer to groups of people, can have either singular or plural verbs and pronouns.

alphabet

22:27

@Lambie It breaks down syntactically, if not semantically.

I don't know who I am.

Plural forms are common when the group is seen as a collection of people doing personal things like deciding, hoping or wanting. Singular forms are more common when the group is seen as an impersonal unit. Compare:
– My family have decided to move to York. They’re going in April.
The average family has 3.6 members. It is smaller than 50 years ago.
– My company are wonderful. They do all they can for me.
My company was founded in the 18th century.

alphabet

The dictionary lists plenty of items that aren't single syntactic units.

Lambie

@tchrist What is eggs beer in mint?

jlliagre

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Mitch

@DannyuNDos Whenever I see "P", I think someone had an accident.

jlliagre

22:28

@Robusto Corbata!

tchrist

@Lambie People there are who pronounce experiment as though 'twere eggs beer in mint.

Somethin' like that.

I don't know who I am.

Many singular quantifying expressions ▶ (172) can be used with plural nouns and pronouns; plural verbs are normally used in this case.
A number of people have tried to find the treasure, but they have all failed. (More natural than A number of people has tried …)
A group of us are going to take a boat through the Dutch canals.
A couple of my friends plan to open a travel agency. (NOT A couple of my friends plans …)
A lot of social problems are caused by unemployment. (NOT A lot of social problems is caused …)

Robusto

@jlliagre We're thinking more and more alike. This could be alarming, depending on your viewpoint.

Mitch

@Robusto OMG I was staring right at it and couldn't see it.

Lambie

@tchrist Sorry, I ratted it. [say that in French]//a number of is a single unit meaning several. It just looks like it isn't. A lot of functions the same way.

Robusto

22:30

@Mitch That's why we go over this stuff.

tchrist

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Did you know that you can skip the of after couple and say a couple friends or a couple friends of mine — but not *a couple my friend? It's a curious thing.

Mitch

@Lambie They're just trying to make a sale.

I don't know who I am.

Yes. I knew it. Thank you for reminding me, @tchrist.

Lambie

@tchrist Nah, you must mean: a coupla friends [j] I gonna start putting [j] after my remarks so I don't get suspended for being mean.

tchrist

@Lambie I shall not denounce the French.

I don't know who I am.

22:33

Coupla is easy to use when it comes to spoken English.

Lambie

@Mitch I'll give you a subject, your write funny, and I'll manage the stand-up contracts. Do you do stages?

Mitch

@tchrist 👀

I don't know who I am.

Like little girl to lil gal...!

tchrist

"Coupla" is just how we often pronounce the thing we write couple of.

There is a grave confusion between writing and pronunciation of weak forms going on here.

Dannyu NDos

I thought that was a typo of cupola.

I don't know who I am.

22:34

Yes, copula is also a name given to verbs in English.

Mitch

@Lambie OK...do the phonebook.

@DannyuNDos Or copula!

tchrist

A cupola is up on the top of the bóveda, right?

I don't know who I am.

Copular or copulative verb...! Or in quick shot, copula...!

alphabet

@Lambie Why? I don't see a reason to posit that.

Dannyu NDos

Oh, I was referring to Johnson solids.

tchrist

22:35

cupola

Noun: cupola (plural cupolas or cupolae)

(architecture) A dome-shaped ornamental structure located on top of a larger roof or dome.
(military, railroad) A small turret, usually on a hatch of an armoured fighting vehicle.
(geology) An upward-projecting mass of plutonic rock extending from a larger batholith.
(geometry) A solid formed by joining two polygons, one (the base) with twice as many edges as the other, by an alternating band of isosceles triangles and rectangles.
A type of furnace used for smelting.

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copula

Noun: copula (plural copulas or copulae)

(linguistics, grammar) A word, usually a verb, used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate (usually a subject complement or an adverbial), that unites or associates the subject with the predicate.
(statistics) A function that represents the association between two or more variables, independent of the individual marginal distributions of the variables.
(music) A device that connects two or more keyboards of an organ.
(biology) The act of copulation; mating.

Mitch

Now do Capulet

I don't know who I am.

😂😂😂

Raccoon 🦝🦝.

Mitch

Wait... who are you calling a raccoon?

I don't know who I am.

@Mitch. I don't know. It's just an animal and I love that animal. 😜

tchrist

@Mitch You weren't impressed with the upward-projecting mass of plutonic rock extending from a larger batholith?

Mitch

22:38

I see.

Just calling a raccoon a raccoon.

I don't know who I am.

The one who has his DP....!

Mitch

@tchrist An inselberg?

A tor?

I don't know who I am.

@Mitch. Why is that cat missing on your DP?

Mitch

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. What is 'DP'?

Oh... avatar?

I don't know who I am.

DP = display picture.

Mitch

22:39

Here I think they call it 'avatar'.

tchrist

Basilisks of Pluto.

I don't know who I am.

@tchrist. I love rocks. I am a geologist as well. My major was Geology at University.

I love pumice here in my region.

tchrist

Doubtless outranked only by General Studies.

I don't know who I am.

Also grey granite and pink granite are found here.

Mitch

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Any karst or eskers?

tchrist

22:41

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Vishnu schist can be found hereabouts.

I don't know who I am.

Yes. @tchrist.

Mitch

@tchrist Gesundheit!

I don't know who I am.

Pakistan has all types of rocks.

Specifically, in North part of it.

tchrist

@Mitch I think that one escaped from the other end.

I don't know who I am.

Coal is abundantly found here.

Intrusive rocks and extrusive rocks.

Basalt and Garbo...!

We have also reserves of salt here.

tchrist

22:44

Vishnu Basement Rocks

The Vishnu Basement Rocks is the name recommended for all Early Proterozoic crystalline rocks (metamorphic and igneous) exposed in the Grand Canyon region. They form the crystalline basement rocks that underlie the Bass Limestone of the Unkar Group of the Grand Canyon Supergroup and the Tapeats Sandstone of the Tonto Group. These basement rocks have also been called either the Vishnu Complex or Vishnu Metamorphic Complex. These Early Proterozoic crystalline rocks consist of metamorphic rocks that are collectively known as the Granite Gorge Metamorphic Suite; sections of the Vishnu Basement Rocks...

The Black Canyon of the Gunnison also gets down to the schist. That's part of the blackness.

Mitch

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Oh... now that I understand what you are referring to, I don't know why the person who made the sign thought the cat was missing originally, but I found it funny that the cat may have always been there, and standing next to the picture jus proves that the signmaker doesn't know what is going on.

tchrist

There's Rama Schist, Brahma Schist, and Vishnu Schist.

jlliagre

and Maso Schist.

I don't know who I am.

@Mitch Yes, limestone and sandstone as well.

Mitch

@tchrist I hope you got it all out.

I don't know who I am.

22:46

@tchrist. Oh, names from Hindus...!

@Mitch. The cat is so funny!

Dannyu NDos

What about this cat?

This cat used to live in my univ.

Mitch

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Also it's a good example of the use-mention distinction. @DannyuNDos might enjoy that part.

tchrist

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Yes, it's unusual. Usually our Indian Country toponyms involve Indian names like Na'nzho:zhi not Hindian names like Vishnu. :)

I don't know who I am.

@tchrist. You're from India?

tchrist

@Idon'tknowwhoIam. Not that kind of Indian. :)

I don't know who I am.

22:49

So what kind of Indian are you? @tchrist.

tchrist

Indian Country is what we call places near reservations here.

I don't know who I am.

@DannyuNDos Yours is so sweet like candy.

tchrist

Like Hopi, Navajo, etc.

Mitch

@tchrist What is Na'nzho:zhi? Is that like Milwaukee or something?

tchrist

No, It's a Navajo word.

I don't know who I am.

22:50

@tchrist. I see.

tchrist

It means "at the bridge".

I don't know who I am.

@tchrist. So you're from India, hmmmm!

tchrist

media.sjsd.org/products/navajo-nation-chapters-with-place-names

Mitch

@tchrist I'm just going to pursue this one more step, with great trepidation... is there now or was there ever... a bridge at that location?

tchrist

@Mitch Indeed.

Mitch

22:51

@tchrist Whew!

All is right with the world!

I don't know who I am.

Okay, dear buddies. I'm going to hit the hay. We'll meet next time. Thanks for your time! ❤️

tchrist

> However, in many cases, the Anglo and Navajo names have no connection: Gallup, New Mexico, is Na'nzho:zhi, "at the bridge." A place may also have names in two or more Indian languages. The Hopi Indians call one of their villages Walpi ("the gap"), while the Navajo refer to it as De:z'a:ji', "toward the point," an appellation descriptive of its location on the end of a finger-like projection of a mesa.

> The name for Red Lake on the western border of New Mexico is simply an approximate translation of the Navajo Be' ek'i' Halehi:' (literally "lake that is red").

I don't know who I am.

@DannyuNDos. I like your car as well. Thanks!

tchrist

Everybody has a different name for the same thing. Feels like travelling in Wales.

Dannyu NDos

I don't own a car.

tchrist

22:54

chat

jlliagre

No char in chat!

I don't know who I am.

@DannyuNDos. So, visit me in my dreams.

Dannyu NDos

My dad promised to buy a truck for me, and it's supposed to cost like 250 USD.

I don't know who I am.

@DannyuNDos. You're going to be a nice truck 🚛 driver.

Dannyu NDos

Though, the real concern is... Is it gonna have manual transmission?

Mitch

22:56

@tchrist Those Indian names are all so analytic, saying exactly what they are.

Unlike Springfield or Loveland or Death Valley

Dannyu NDos

23:15

A lesson about Korean tradition: Don't lie on your back on that. That's not a cross.

Instead, lie on your front on that.

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