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19:00
Hi. Short question:
Fovea?
Yep
How would you call the shape in the center?
Peaked?
Invagination.
Peakish. Sharp. Spikey?
let me explain this a bit.
Sorry, I can't think about the retina like that.
To me, it's an invagination.
19:02
Usually this is refered as the foveal pit but there are different forms.
the one above is a birds fovea and it is more peaked/spikey/.. than a normal one which looks like
Oh, I see. you want some way of describing the difference in the shapes of the macular regions?
I think peaked or maybe acute.
Sharp or spikey conveys the wrong feel, but peaked feels like the wrong direction to me.
Peaked seems like you mean it sticks up.
Steep?
Steep would be ok but
the problem is, that it could be steep without ending in a small pit.
I understand.
19:08
It could look like a pot.. very steep walls, but a very flat pit.
It's a more conical pit, but that could be confusing.
uff... and I should decide this as a German.. ;-)
Somebody please merge/dup/syn the and tags together. Please. Or should I post to Mετά?
@halirutan Do you need a single word, or would a brief description suffice?
a description would be fine.
Something were I get a feeling for how a native speaker would say it.
19:10
Well, I used to do primate vision research, so maybe I can help.
@KitFox This is funny. I log in here to ask about a bird fovea and instantly someone is doing vision research on primates. Unbelievable.
Not many trichromats amongst the primates.
Present company (presumably) excepted.
@halirutan Not doing. Did. About a decade ago.
I'm trying to think how I would have described the difference.
What did you learn?
If that were a landform, what would it be?
@KitFox I think I will try a combination of peaked, steep and conical.
19:13
The avian fovea is generally narrower than the mammalian fovea.
Maybe?
@KitFox I am now paying attention.
Or the mammalian umm...floor of the fovea...is broader than it is in birds?
Are we talking about the entire thing, or the difference between the foveola and the surrounding fovea?
Foveola. That's the word I was trying to think of.
@KitFox The oposite of broader is more narrow here, right?
19:15
@tchrist I think he means the entire macular region.
Easy to remember: rhymes with aureola.
@halirutan Yes. Flatter and broader.
Shallower?
It's not really shallower.
The layers are pretty much the same, if I recall correctly.
@KitFox Yes.
19:16
Humans have no rods in their foveola. I think the distribution of cones differs, too.
@tchrist Birds don't have rods there either.
Well, I don't think they do.
Avians can have extremely acute vision.
Plus I believe they are tetrachromats.
The organization of the fovea is pretty consistent across species, but the size and shape varies.
@KitFox Thank you. Let me think of some sentence and maybe I ping you later to tell you the final result.
@KitFox The count varies too.
Well, across all species that have a common ancestor in whom the eye developed exactly once for that clade, I presume.
19:18
Birds have 2 foveas.
@halirutan Oh right! I forgot about that.
I suspect that humans, dragonflies, and octopodes all have different foveae, since there is no common ocular progenitor between them.
But I don’t know.
@tchrist Some are, but not all.
Plus just saying they are tri- or tetrachromats doesn’t begin to tell the whole story, because two different species of trichromats can have completely different color vision. Differing peak sensitivities, etc.
Yes, but that doesn't have much to do with fovea.
19:21
I would imagine that the nectar-feeding birds are tetrachromats, or at least, have short cones that are sensitive < 370 nm. UV photography of flowers is too alluring for them not to be.
IIRC, zebra finches are tetrachromats.
I thought all birds except perhaps owls and such were tets.
I think we can skip the octopus for fovea inspections.
Although the eyes of the octopus, and of other cephalopods, and the eyes of vertebrates have evolved entirely independently, each has a retina, a cornea, an iris, a lens, and a fluid-filled interior. These similarities of structure, despite different origins, provide a classic example of biological convergence. However, the cephalopod and vertebrate eyes are also very dissimilar in some respects. For example, the photoreceptor cells in the eye of the octopus point toward the incoming light whereas our own rod cells and cone cells point backward and absorb light reflecting from the back of t
I am not an ornithologist. I don't know. I worked for a guy who worked with zebra finches. I'm pretty sure he was the one who mentioned it.
@tchrist Why is that?
Because they don’t have one.
Or at least, not the important bit we so value.
They have something like it. Let me think of what it is called.
19:26
Bird retinas, on the other hand, do not have a macula or fovea centralis. Visual acuity is equal in all areas. Octopus retinas also lack a fovea centralis, but do have what is called a linea centralis. The linea centralis forms a band of higher acuity horizontally across the retina of the octopus.
A unique feature of octopod eyes is that regardless of the position of their bodies, their eyes always maintain the same relative position to the gravitational field of the earth using an organ called a statocyst.
The have a linea centralis instead of a fovea centralis. I have no idea what that means, apart from the text you read above.
Linea centralis? Hmm. Something seems off about that.
I’m reminded of line-based autofocus sensors on phase-detect autofocus sensors for film and digital cameras alike.
Anyway, I can't divert more brain power to it now. I have coding to finish.
I wish I had time to code. Stuck in meetings for three hours. Still one to go. On speaker phone.
@tchrist And I've just noticed the first two sentences. That's just wrong. Birds have fovea.
19:41
8
Q: What's the origin of the common phrase "I call shenanigans"?

BillareWhat's the origin of the common phrase "I call shenanigans"? Note that I'm not so much looking for the origin of shenanigans itself, which I expect could easily be found in the OED or something, but when the entire phrase took on a life of its own as an independent construction. Who coined it? ...

all current answers are crap
OED has shenanigans from 1855
google ngrams has shenanigans from the 80's, but nothing on 'I call shenanigans'
Ah, Billaire. He asked some interesting questions, as I recall.
It's a very interesting question, especially because there's no online data.
^ What malware uses to infect your computer.
Overige = other/rest.
I feel like I knew 'I call shenanigans' from well before 2000 (before South Park).
But no data from ngrams? that's weird.
19:45
@Mitch I liked him quite a bit. I wonder if he was one of the users we lost in the JA fiasco.
@Mitch Ditto.
A practical joke (also known as a prank, gag, jape or shenanigan) is a mischievous trick or joke played on someone, typically causing the victim to experience embarrassment, indignity, or discomfort. Practical jokes differ from confidence tricks or hoaxes in that the victim finds out, or is let in on the joke, rather than being fooled into handing over money or other valuables. Practical jokes or pranks are typically lighthearted, reversible or non-permanent, and aim to make the victim feel foolish or victimized to a certain degree; however practical jokes may also involve cruelty. T...
II also happened to look up 'dibs' at the same time (something that is sorta used in mildly different circumstances with the same flavor...and OED didn't have it.
This is more inline with my concept of the phrase.
@Mitch No way. Really?
@KitFox a practical joke is a kind of shenanigans, but shenanigans can be just general screwing around.
I don't think of "I call shenanigans" to me "That's bullshit" but rather "I declare that you are pulling my leg!"
@KitFox Eff yeah.
19:47
@KitFox Is "fovea centralis" == "fovea", or is "fovea centralis" == "foveola"?
@KitFox yeah, not as confrontational, but making everybody aware that you're a liar.
OED doesn't have dibs (WTF?) but ODO does. (DWTF?? It's all OUP)
@MattЭллен yeah, I did that too. In OED 'dibs' is there but as 'a middle eastern honey drink' or some such thing.
@Mitch yeah, so not what you're looking for
and ODO give this bizarre formalistic description, when it means 'I call X' (therefore the connection with shenanigans)
@MattЭллен kinda not.
unless that is what you're calling dibs on.
19:49
@MattЭллен Not true: OED has dibs.
@tchrist Oh, you know what I mean.
Oh and (recent memory serves) there's a commercial product called 'Dibs' chocolate covered ice cream things as big as your thumb, you get a bunch in a small tub at the movie theater.
@tchrist it doesn't have the 'dibs' we're talking about.
@Mitch oh. OED had dibs but not in the entry for dibs
it's in dib n2
@MattЭллен what? where?
19:52
I only get 1 noun for dibs.
@Mitch yeah, try dib
> b. A children’s word used to express a claim or option on some object (freq. int.); chiefly in phr. to get (etc.) dibs on (something), to have first claim to. Cf. bags I, dubs. U.S. colloq.
@MattЭллен You must be talking about some other dibs, right?
> accumulative
Is this a word?
$ oedlook accumul
accumulate
accumulated
accumulating
accumulation
accumulative
accumulatively
accumulativeness
accumulator
@tchrist if you search for "dibs" on the OED website, it goes straight to the honey drink, no mention of children's games
19:54
OK. OED has the right dibs at least somewhere.
@MattЭллен I have Special Access Powers.
@KitFox are you expecting cumulative?
@tchrist you have to search for dib to get dibs
@MattЭллен Well, unless you’ve written your own. Which I have.
@Mitch Yes.
19:55
@tchrist I see :D
Which is why mine works better.
@KitFox so yes, 'acumulative' might be a malapropism, or is it an error?
@tchrist how? did you get a word list from them somehow?
@Mitch I'm not sure. It sounds funny.
> I know it is accumulative but ...
@KitFox it's in @tchrist's list.
I keep staring at it.
19:57
@KitFox stop it, you'll make it self-conscious.
@Mitch hums
@tchrist that's not working for me. Do you purse your lips at the same time?
@Mitch They have an API, don't they?
accumulative /əˈkjuːmjʊlətɪv/, a.
Etymology: f. L. accumulāt- ppl. stem of accumulāre: see accumulate + -ive.
Characterized by accumulation.
1. Arising from accumulation or successive additions of particulars; cumulative, collective.
2. Of things: So constituted as to accumulate or increase in amount; as money does by the continuous addition of the interest to the principal.
3. Of persons: Given to accumulate or amass.
1862 R. Whately in E. J. Whately Life & Corr. R. Whately (1866) II. 392 Such persons cannot understand the force of accumulative proof.
1863 Morning Star 7 Jan. 6 The sinking fund is accumulative.
1936 J. C. Powys Maiden Castle (1937) v. 198 Exploiting in fact all his accumulative malice against her.
1948 A. C. Kinsey et al. Sexual Behavior Human Male iii. 119 The usefulness of an accumulative incidence curve cannot be over-emphasized.
20:01
Amoo, amass, amatt.
all these examples sound like reanalysis of 'a cumulative'.
It feels dirty somehow.
$ oedlook -v '^dib\w{0,3}$'
dib [n.1]
dib [n.2]
dib [n.3]
dib [v.1]
dib [v.2]
dibber [n.]
dibbin [n.]
dibble [n.2]
dibble [n.]
dibble [v.1]
dibble [v.2]
dibs [n.]
@Mitch Not true.
> 1817 Coleridge Poems 139 ― Taylor is eminently discursive, accumulative, and (to use one of his own words) agglomerative.
agglomerates
@tchrist no not all, but many, enough to make me think that any use of 'accumulative' is a modern 'reuse' (sounds like a mistake)
I don’t understand what you are saying.
Oh boy, my first Nice Question badge. I need to cherrypick more Visser.
20:10
@KitFox yeah, but it seems like you need to have access to use it. have to mangle the URL to get the proxy through the local library.
-1
Q: The meaning of “Trolling around”

Dima RailgunerCould somebody help me? What does "trolling around" mean in the sentence "Avoiding trolling around the guts of Entity Framework"? P.S. Entity Framework it's name of the framework for programming

On topic?
@tchrist I agree with KitFox that 'accumulative' sounds weird. Whatever the historical record, it seems like wherever it is used, it should be 'cumulative'.
I don’t see what is in any way wrong with it.
@KitFox It's properly not "mit'ens" at all, but "mi'ens" (glottal stop) or "middens" (no explanation necessary).
@Mitch I like cumulative clouds. Especially when they look like unicorns.
I am saying I cannot see what is wrong with accumulative. Are you saying that it conveys nothing that cumulative does not?
20:21
Accumulative and cumulative are not precisely interchangeable. If you tend to accumulate things, you are accumulative, not cumulative.
That’s certainly how I’ve always seen things. @Kit appears to be in opposition to that perspective.
@Kit is free to be wrong.
Should the user repost the closed French question, or should we ask their mods whether they would like a migration?
French is in beta, though.
So I think migration is not possible.
Writers.SE is still in beta, and we migrate questions there all the time.
20:29
I am now officially a Fanatic.
@Reg said he could migrate to anything that was out of beta.
Perhaps it requires some sort of dev support.
@MετάEd That's not the same as Fantastic, you know. It takes a lot of work to earn those two extra letters.
@Robusto And we all know what TS stands for.
I wasn't going to go there, but since you brought it up — my condolences.
@tchrist Maybe the term "beta" is overloaded in the SE vocabulary.
Wait.
I know.
It is private vs public beta.
20:33
Ah. That would explain it.
Mods can send to public betas, I believe, but not to private ones.
I would ask one, but they seem to be cleaning out the latrines.
In any case, questions about French are off topic here, and should be given the bum's rush (or le clochard de pointe or however the French abuse that term).
You have well artiCULated the need to kick its French butt.
I see that my sinister stroke has slipped in under the radar.
21:00
@tchrist Anything out of private beta. And he reposted it himself, so I only had to delete.
0
Q: Is there a manner to flag questions or answers made by non native English speakers?

SpamKidsAlmost all my questions or answers need a review of a native speaker. Is it possible that I flag my account as "non native speaker of English" and my Q&A goes to review automatically? It can be useful if Stack Overflow shows as well something like: "This user is not a native speaker of Englis...

kthx
Awww
@Robusto I don't even know what you are talking about. I don't understand how writing vocabulary can be described as "accumulative." It just feels wrong.
Idiot SE programmers! I just had to write a link from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subject–auxiliary_inversion#In_questions" to "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subject%E2%80%93auxiliary_inversion#In_questions" to get them to notice it. That is stupid stupid stupid stupid. And more stupid.
Gotta run again.
Now I must accommute.
21:07
If Internet in general and SE in particular have taught me one thing, then it's that "English reviewed by a native speaker" is an utterly worthless label at best. In fact, there's a whole range of mistakes that are very typical for native speakers but are virtually unheard of among non-native ones. Such is life. — ЯegDwight 56 secs ago
Scram!
Had to add that, of course. Couldn't resist.
Au reservoir.
@tchrist What's oedlook?
hums
It’s like look(1), but on the OED word list, with POS tags.
And other decorations.
If you send me personal mail, I will tell you where to get a copy.
I’ve been adding the quarterly updates to it, you see.
It is just a wordlist, not a dictionary.
The quarterly updates are public, so I grab them.
They include POS tags.
There really need to add nemetic. I did a bunch of legwork on that one.
7
A: What is the adjective form of "nemesis"?

tchristEDIT: References provided at the bottom. The short answer is nemetic. Longer answer follows. In English, nouns of Greek origin that end in -esis regularly form corresponding adjectives that end in -etic: antithesis, antithetic; diuresis, diuretic; emesis, emetic; genesis, genetic; kinesis, ...

@tchrist Done, ta!
21:19
K, good.
I’m a couple quarters behind. Need to fix that.
But it means that it finds stuff that the OED2 CD that some people have will not.
Hey @tchrist, may I have oedlook too?
You may, because you are on a Mac.
It’s a Perl script.
Of course.
It runs on the command line.
Yeah, I suspected as much.
Lemme find a link.
Danke.
21:22
$ sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Bundle::Tussle'
That would work.
There are ways that do not involve sudo, too.
It is called "unilook", because I don’t want people to think it is actually the OED itself.
Great, thank you.
If you just want the script and the datafile, it is less stuff to futz with.
That installs a bunch of other toys, too.
Oh dear. What sort of toys?
Unicode tools.
Trojans? Keyloggers?
Oh, right.
21:24
It’s all in source code, no binaries.
If you don’t trust it, you can inspect it. But it has been out for about 18 months, and nobody has freaked.
I have an update/patch for the script I haven't put out, which you will want.
Alright. How does one update?
Did you type that sudo line?
I have now.
I'm just typing yes a bunch now.
Oh right, this is your first time.
Normally it is magic.
Make sure to say to follow dependencies.
Or else it will ask you more questions later.
It's fetching CPAN mirrors.
21:27
Right.
I hope this finishes before I have to pack up my computer and migrate.
That should be done now.
It is very fast.
Once the questions are done.
Is it done?
Yes.
How do I make it follow dependencies?
Good, now test by typing "unilook" as a command, with an argument.
$ unilook max
It should give you a bunch of words starting with max.
It doesn't appear to be working.
21:29
Hm.
Did it say installation complete?
Yes.
You might have to type "rehash" first.
If you are using csh or tcsh instead of bash or ksh.
I opened a new terminal window.
Hm, where did it say it put the script?
Oh dear, I've closed that. I am a fool.
21:31
Don't worry.
Easy to find out.
How?
(I'm looking)
Ah OK.
It's a config var. I'm looking for its name.
But the likely answer is /usr/bin/unilook or /usr/local/bin/unilook or maybe /opt/perlsomethingorother/bin/unilook.
I need to leave now, but I'll be back in a moment.
21:33
It depends on your perl config.
When I find it, I will post it here.
Found it.
macbook# perl -V:installscript
installscript='/usr/local/bin';
The script should be there.
There are a few other possible places, depending on your config.
Check these directories:
macbook# perl '-V:.*script.*'
d_vendorscript='undef';
installscript='/usr/local/bin';
installsitescript='/usr/local/bin';
installvendorscript='';
scriptdir='/usr/local/bin';
scriptdirexp='/usr/local/bin';
sitescript='/usr/local/bin';
sitescriptexp='/usr/local/bin';
vendorscript='';
vendorscriptexp='';
Or rather, of whatever that says for dirs on your system.
It is probably that it has put it in /usr/local/bin, but that you do not have that in your shell's default path.
Easy to fix.
Note that if you updated perl using the mac ports command, it will be different again. For example:
macbook# /opt/local/bin/perl5.12 '-V:.*script.*'
config_arg5='-Dscriptdir=/opt/local/bin';
config_args='-D inc_version_list=5.12.2/darwin-multi-2level 5.12.2 5.12.1/darwin-multi-2level 5.12.1 5.12.0/darwin-multi-2level 5.12.0 -des -Dprefix=/opt/local -Dscriptdir=/opt/local/bin -Dcppflags=-I/opt/local/include -Dccflags=-O2 -Dldflags=-L/opt/local/lib -Dvendorprefix=/opt/local -Dusemultiplicity=y -D cc=/usr/bin/gcc-4.0 -D ld=/usr/bin/gcc-4.0 -D man1ext=1pm -D man3ext=3pm -D man1dir=/opt/local/share/man/man1p -D man3dir=/opt/local/share/man/man3p -D siteman1dir=/opt/local/share/man/man1 -D si
Keeping track of all those "bin" dirs is a royal pain.
But it will be wherever the perl you get without typing a full path says the scriptdir is, I think.
So the first thing I said.
@Hugo I have a greylisting SMTP daemon in place, so first-time senders get ETEMPFAIL and resend. That causes a delay of between 15m and 2h before I get a first-time piece of mail from a particular person whom I have not myself sent mail to.
I honestly have no idea what I'm doing.
On average.
You are doing nothing wrong.
What does this say:
perl -V:installscript
@tchrist consorts with daemons.
As a command.
@tchrist ok
21:39
installscript='/usr/bin';
Ok, so run "ls -t /usr/bin" to list the newest stuff there. Are they are a bunch of commands beginning with the name "uni*" there now?
No, there are none.
Ok, then I wish you had not closed the installation complete window. :(
It is ok, I will recover it for you.
Just a second.
Sorry.
I am doing my own install to see what happens.
Here is the start of the end [sic] of my output from the install. Do you recall whether yours looked like this?
Building Unicode-Tussle
  BDFOY/Unicode-Tussle-1.03.tar.gz
  ./Build -- OK
Running Build test
t/compile.t .. ok
All tests successful.
Files=1, Tests=41,  4 wallclock secs ( 0.04 usr  0.01 sys +  2.66 cusr  0.41 csys =  3.12 CPU)
Result: PASS
  BDFOY/Unicode-Tussle-1.03.tar.gz
  ./Build test -- OK
Running Build install
Building Unicode-Tussle
Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/byte2uni.1
Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/oscon-whatis.pod.1
Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/tcgrep.1
Installing /usr/local/share/man/man1/ucsort.1
21:44
It did not look like that at all.
Ok, there is a copy of the log somewhere on your system. Lemme find that for you.
I will try again.
I wonder if it failed for dependencies because you did not have follow set.
You can try again: it is safely idempotent.
Going to read '/Users/Matthew/.cpan/Metadata'
Database was generated on Mon, 05 Nov 2012 21:10:49 GMT
Warning: Cannot install Bundle::Tussle, don't know what it is.
Try the command

i /Bundle::Tussle/

to find objects with matching identifiers.
Ahah!
That is nuts.
Well, now I shall tell you a Less Excellent way.
21:47
404.
Dang it what it is called now.
That might work.
Yeah!
Yup.
K good.
You need only two files.
unilook, and words.utf8
Wait.
It is called "Unicode::Tussle" not "Bundle::Tussle".
That is what was wrong.
But if you just grab unilook and words.utf8, then that will suffice.
If you rerun the install using
sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Unicode::Tussle'
Oh my. I will rerun the install, I think.
21:50
It would also do it.
It is easier to rerun the install, yes.
Because otherwise you will never figure out where it put stuff.
Matthew$ sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Unicode::Tussle'
Going to read '/Users/Matthew/.cpan/Metadata'
Database was generated on Mon, 05 Nov 2012 21:10:49 GMT
Running install for module 'Unicode::Tussle'
Running make for B/BD/BDFOY/Unicode-Tussle-1.03.tar.gz
Fetching with LWP:
http://www.perl.org/CPAN/authors/id/B/BD/BDFOY/Unicode-Tussle-1.03.tar.gz
Good.
Do I wait?
Not long.
It should finish and say this....
Impressive!
21:51
Installing /usr/local/bin/unilook
Installing /usr/local/bin/uninames
Installing /usr/local/bin/uninarrow
Installing /usr/local/bin/uniprops
Installing /usr/local/bin/uniquote
Installing /usr/local/bin/unisubs
Installing /usr/local/bin/unisupers
Installing /usr/local/bin/unititle
Installing /usr/local/bin/uniwc
Installing /usr/local/bin/uniwide
Installing /usr/local/bin/vowel-sigs
Installing /usr/local/bin/unicore/all_alias.pl
Installing /usr/local/bin/unicore/html_alias.pl
Installing /usr/local/bin/unicore/uwords_alias.pl
Notice the thing at the end.
I see.
  BDFOY/Unicode-Tussle-1.03.tar.gz
  ./Build install  -- OK
But nothing appears to be happening, really.
If you get that, you are good.
Do you have your prompt back?
Well!
21:52
@tchrist Ayuh, I think so.
I can type stuff.
Then the last thing it said should have been install ok.
But none of that install stuff showed up.
2 mins ago, by Mahnax
Matthew$ sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Unicode::Tussle'
Going to read '/Users/Matthew/.cpan/Metadata'
Database was generated on Mon, 05 Nov 2012 21:10:49 GMT
Running install for module 'Unicode::Tussle'
Running make for B/BD/BDFOY/Unicode-Tussle-1.03.tar.gz
Fetching with LWP:
http://www.perl.org/CPAN/authors/id/B/BD/BDFOY/Unicode-Tussle-1.03.tar.gz
That's all I've got.
It said "installing", right?
Wait, it hung there?
It's staying right there.
That is very weird.
21:53
Could my school be blocking LWP?
You cannot type stuff then.
Of course, it is normal.
(whatever that is)
Of course, it is normal.
Well, it couldn’t have got the modules list without it. I think. Depends on bootstrapping.
21:54
puts Carlo on ignore
^C it.
That is how you kill Unix jobs, normally, kinda.
That means "Control-C" it.
I know.
I'm not that bad at this!
Hehe.
Never said you were.
I am trying to figure out why it is wedging on the fetch.
21:55
I'll try again at home, I think.
It may be that your school is blocking perl.org, but I cannot see why.
Another ELU-related module is:
$ sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Lingua::EN::Inflect'
But that will probably hang, too.
I'll give it a shot.
macbook# perl -MLingua::EN::Inflect=PL -E 'say PL("radix")'
radices
Yep, same thing.
You have to do the sudo thing before you can do the other.
Weird.
An semi-non-easy fix would be to get it to pick a different mirror. CPAN has 100s of copies, for just an emergency.
21:58
I would like to try to fix this, but I'm supposed to be writing a reflection right now.
I'm in English class, after all.

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