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00:14
hellooo
 
1 hour later…
01:22
What was the final consensus with regard to physics.stackexchange.com/questions/2865/…?
01:44
@user76284 oh dear that question is a horrible mess
I don't know if I've looked at it before
well, at least not since shortly after it was first posted, when it was a lot more manageable
 
2 hours later…
04:11
3
Q: Which astronaut has experienced the largest relativistic shift in time?

uhohFollowing this answer and then this question (where I've linked to Cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev; the World's Most Prolific Time Traveller) I've noticed that currently Krikalev does not hold the precisely longest record in space. Relativistic effects include both velocity, and gravitation. Moving fa...

would anybody like to check the math I've just added to the question?
Is there some nice conditions (in terms of the prepared state and the relevant operators) as to when the expectation value of the commutator of operators will vanish and when not? Since it is the expectation value of the commutator of two operators that ultimately decides the limit on the minimum value of the product of their variance, it seems to be of particular fun to look for some qualitative understanding of when that would vanish and not.
@DvijMankad The commutator vanishes only when the state is an eigenstate of both operators
Yes but even if the commutator is non-zero in itself, the expectation value can certainly be zero for a lot of states of interest. For example, a spin 1/2 state prepared in an eigenstate of Sx will have zero expectation value for Sz which is essentially the commutator of Sx and Sy.
spin 1/2 system*
Ah, oops, sorry I missed the fact you were interested in the expectation value.
Correct me if I am missing something.
Yeah, I was looking for some qualitative argument to help me look through the expectation value and to understand what we would ultimately measure, the variances--I mean their product
04:31
If the operators are observables i.e. Hermitian, one has $$\langle \psi|AB|\psi\rangle = \langle \psi|A^\dagger B^\dagger |\psi\rangle = \langle \psi | (BA)^\dagger|\psi\rangle = \langle \psi |BA|\psi\rangle^*$$
So $\langle \psi | AB-BA|\psi\rangle = \langle \psi | AB|\psi\rangle - \langle \psi |AB|\psi\rangle ^*=2i \text{ Im}(\langle \psi|AB|\psi\rangle)$
so the expectation value of the commutator being zero is the same as the expected value of the product being real
 
7 hours later…
Anonymous
11:18
Eh, to first order they're all identical spherical astronauts of uniform density, then. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ — Russell Borogove 7 hours ago
Anonymous
Gotta love this
12:31
@Semiclassical If the commutator is non-zero, the product is not Hermitian, and hence not an observable. We don't usually speak of an expectation value for non-observables, do we?
> When asked what it was like to set about proving something, the mathematician likened proving a theorem to seeing the peak of a mountain and trying to climb to the top. One establishes a base camp and begins scaling the mountain's sheer face, encountering obstacles at every turn, often retracing one's steps and struggling every foot of the journey.
@DvijMankad I don't think there is anything inherently special about states where the expectation value of the commutator vanishes. Since the UP merely provides a lower bound on the variance, it must vanish on states where both observables have well-determined values (i.e. no variance), but it can also vanish on states where the variances are arbitrarily large. There doesn't seem to be anything special to me about the latter case.
> Finally when the top is reached, one stands examining the peak, taking in the view of the surrounding countryside and then noting the automobile road up the other side!
Robert J. Kleinhenz
12:46
Do other universities use a course numbering system similar to MIT? It seems strange to me every time I look at the OCW site
12:59
@ACuriousMind Okay, yes, seems alright but I was thinking that there might be something special about them because it appears to me that Landau uses UP between momentum and position to conclude that there is no consistent notion of the trajectory of an electron. Or can we conclude that simply by saying that they don't commute and can't have shared eigenstates? Or even simply by saying that no physical state would be the eigenstate of either of the operators?
13:26
@DvijMankad Landau states that the UP is the claim there is no notion of a trajectory for an electron
@DvijMankad Yes, the argument is supposed to be that since the expectation value of their commutator is never zero, no state can be a simultaneous eigenstate of both position and momentum. Note that this is strictly stronger than the claim that the two operators do not commute: Non-commuting operators can't share an eigenbasis, but they can share eigenstates.
That there is something meaningful to say about the case where it is never zero does not imply that there is something meaningful to say about the generic case where it is zero.
hmm. "parametrizing" or "parameterizing"
doesn't seem to be consistent online
13:42
@Semiclassical parametrize. We don't have "parameteric equations" or the "meteric system" either, after all.
2
eh. parameter-izing as "express in terms of parameters"
I like the former spelling better, but there doesn't seem to be a consensus online
@Semiclassical ...and "parameter-ic" as in "pertaining to the use of parameters"?
I advocate to be consistent in the method of deriving words - if you elide the 'e' in some derivatives of parameter, elide it in all!
at the very least, it's not consistent in the wild. see for instance this book published by Springer: books.google.com/…
13:47
Oh sure, you'll find both spellings used. I just don't see why anyone would actively decide to use the second one :P
some discussion on the English SE:
20
Q: "Parametrise" or "parameterise" a curve?

hopo2In British English, which one is correct? Does one parameterise a curve or parametrise it?

'I see my argument is the top voted one :)
yeah
though when it comes to linguistics I always come back to this: smbc-comics.com/comic/know-your-linguistic-philosophies
(on the other hand I couldn't care less about -ize vs. -ise)
yo @ACuriousMind, how's your Epic progress going?
::grin::
@EmilioPisanty Well, I already earned three-digit rep today, so there's hope :P
14:00
@ACuriousMind keep at it, then =D
I'll race you to the rep cap
@Semiclassical isn't ize vs ise just a regional difference?
yeah
hence why I don't care at all :)
wait, too late
there's a rep cap?
@ACuriousMind dropped Planescape avatars?
14:09
@danielunderwood 200 rep daily
accepts and bounties exempt
90
Q: What is the daily reputation cap and how can I hit it?

MartinI've found some questions and those two badges "Epic" and "Legendary" regarding the "daily reputation cap". What is it and how can I hit it?

ahhh I thought you meant like total rep
oh, no, total rep is unbounded
I guess it's probably some finite-bitlength integer in the actual implementation, so if you earn too much rep too fast so that SE can't re-code, then you'd cycle back to negative rep
though in practice the maximal reputation is on the order of a million
Jon Skeet, Reading, United Kingdom
1047k 646 7724 8295
"1047k"
wow
how do people manage to find time to do that much?
well
this is SO you're talking about
it's a different story
yeah that's true. Not a ton of in-depth stuff over there
14:17
what?
no, not at all
Jon Skeet has a ton of amazing in-depth software-engineering answers
but I imagine the bulk of his rep comes from simpler answers
also, keep in mind that he's been around for 9 years, and that SO is rather older than PSE
Yeah I guess that's true. Most of my time on SO is "I have X error"
yep, that's probably the bulk of that rep
with the added qualifier that those answers are highly visible to google and they continue to accrue rep over the years
Yeah I continue to gain rep on SO though I'm not really active with questions or answers now
Nearly 35k answers though. That's insane
over 9 years, though
puts it down to about 3k answers a year, or about 10 answers a day
Still close to 10 answers a day
14:22
still pretty insane
but hey
programmers are pretty intense at what they do
I'm not at all active now on the main site (which for me is MSE), so I'm not surprised that my rep is at a trickle now
He also has close to 10 contributions per day on github
Though github contributions aren't really a great metric
Although I'll admit that I find it pretty crazy that someone can take a good bit of their free time over a year or two to write a textbook
@danielunderwood you don't get fake internet points if you write a textbook
well, I guess that if you count Amazon reviews then you do, but who looks at those?
Someone had a comment about amazon reviews in their textbook...Zee maybe?
And looking at amazon reviews on physics textbooks, it seems like they're either people who already know the subject or bought the book because they want to think they know it
I once saw a review of "Having it on the coffee table makes friends think I'm smart"
logic check: Suppose I've got a spin-s particle and I want to compute the matrix element $\langle s s|e^{-i\beta S_y}|s-s\rangle$
14:34
why are my $\Omega$s growing extra legs?
Hi everyone
@Semiclassical $\langle s s|e^{-i\beta S_y}|0\rangle$?
and hi @EmilioPisanty
$|0\rangle$?
oh, $|sm_s\rangle=|s-s\rangle$
14:36
i have a really burning question and i don't wanna sound demanding but can someone please take a look at (physics.stackexchange.com/questions/425697/…) ?
@EmilioPisanty it is a follow up question to an answer that you gave yesterday
@Semiclassical oh, you meant $|s{-s}\rangle$
so that's $m_s=\pm s$
hmmm
still not great
$|s\, {-s}\rangle$
stoopid braket notation
@Semiclassical nah, it's just LaTeX thinking everything is a binary operator
14:37
yeah, that's probably better
fair
I mean, compare $|-\alpha\rangle$ to $|{-\alpha}\rangle$
but anyways
$\lvert s, -s \rangle$?
Do people not use that?
no, you typically omit the comma
14:39
Ahh that's what I always did when there were numbers or signs involved
so, you have a sin-$s$ particle and you want to calculate $⟨s|e^{i\beta S_y}|{-s}⟩$?
ya
or, well: I know the answer, I'm just trying to find the simplest derivation of it
what's the answer?
some Wigner matrix?
literally, yes
14:41
however, I think you can get to the final answer immediately by writing $|s\rangle = |\uparrow\rangle^{\otimes 2s}$, if that notation makes sense
I think the simplest derivation in things like that is normally "go look in Edmonds"
And then writing $S_y=\sum_{k=1}^{2s} S_y^{(k)}$, with all these spin-1/2 operators commuting
@Semiclassical that sounds legit
if I'm following the logic right, this immediately collapses the matrix element to $\prod_{k=1}^{2s}\langle \uparrow | e^{-i \beta S_y^{(k)}}|\downarrow\rangle$
though it will give you an absolute mess, I should think
14:44
all the spin-1/2 operators commute, so $e^{-i\beta S_y}$ should factorize
and since none of these matrix elements actually depend on $k$, we just get $\langle \uparrow| e^{-i \beta S_y^{(1)}}|\downarrow\rangle^{2s}$
or maybe not? each factor is a single number so you don't have a combinatoric explosion of terms
@Semiclassical you mean \right.?
of course
@Semiclassical Also: compare $\prod_{k=1}^{2s}\langle \uparrow | e^{-i \beta S_y^{(k)}}|\downarrow\rangle$ and $\prod_{k=1}^{2s}\langle {\uparrow} | e^{-i \beta S_y^{(k)}}|{\downarrow}\rangle$
14:47
nice
I wasn't liking that extra whitespace
it's like the minus sign above
though I'm not sure if it thinks \downarrow is a unary or a binary operator
I'm used to using \, for integrals, e.g. \int f(x)\,dx
it doesn't treat it as an atom, that's for sure
14:48
but I hadn't realized the utility of {} in this context
@Semiclassical it's just to atomize things
like e.g. $a-b$ vs $a{-}b$
yep. anyways, all that remains is to note that, since it's a spin-1/2 spin operator, we have $e^{-i\beta S_y^{(1)}}=\cos\beta-i S_y^{(1)}\sin\beta$
(full disclaimer: I'm not sure "atom" is the way the TeX docs treat the concept. But it's a good way to think about it.)
14:52
and therefore we get $$\langle {\uparrow}|e^{-i\beta S_y^{(1)}}|{\downarrow}\rangle =\langle{\uparrow}|{\downarrow}\rangle \cos\frac{\beta}{2} - i \langle {\uparrow}|S_y^{(1)}|{\downarrow}\rangle \sin \frac{\beta}{2}=-i(i\hbar/2)\sin \frac{\beta}{2} = \frac12 \hbar \sin \frac{\beta}{2}$$
too few curly brackets, ugh
so one should have $\langle s\,{s}|e^{-i\beta S_y}|s\,{-s}\rangle = \left(\frac{\hbar}{2}\sin\frac{\beta}{2}\right)^{2s}$
oh, but I'm being a bit silly. should be $e^{-i\beta S_y/\hbar}$ if I'm not taking $\hbar=1$
@Slereah They always were from more than just Planescape :P
so $\hbar$ won't actually appear in that last expression
also, should've been $\beta/2$ in the earlier formula as well
So that's my derivation. Seems legit? (stoopid algebra errors aside)
we all know the procedure by which a set of coupled quantum oscillators can be decoupled, and the hamiltonan brought in the form $H
=\sum_i^{3M}\hbar\omega_i\left(a_i^\dagger a_i+\frac{1}{2}\right)$
the eigenstates are now interpreted as phonons in several modes with different frequencies
@Semiclassical looks legit to me
but are all occupations of these phonos automatically an allowed state of the system?
15:06
cool
if the answer is right, that is
i.e. if it coincides with the Wigner-matrix answer from the literature
@curiosity yes. why wouldn't they be?
for example if we only have two coupled oscillators i think it can be shown that the $|00\rangle$ is symmetric with respect to particle exchange
If they're eigenstates of the Hamiltonian and there's no further constraints, then they're all allowed states.
15:07
and if the two particles were ferminon, it would not be an allowed state
If you do have further constraints, of course, then that need not be true.
@Semiclassical are you saying if the further contraint is that that particles are fermions, we cant use the phonon picture?
i mean, not all states would be allowed?
@curiosity we're saying that you haven't specified enough information to get a full answer.
i'm saying that, if you impose that further constraint, you'll only be able to use those photon states which satisfy it
Generically they are all allowed. There are situations where additional restrictions can rule some sectors out. You can't say what sectors get ruled out without saying what the restrictions are.
15:10
@EmilioPisanty say i have two fermions with the hamiltonian $$H=\frac{p_1^2+p_2^2}{2}+\frac{1}2{}kq_1^2+\frac{1}{2}kq_2^2+\frac{1}{2}\kappa(‌​q_2-q_1)^2 \tag{1}$$
@curiosity ... and these fermions have spin?
no spin?
1/2
and are in a spin triplett state
so the position wf has to be antisymmetric
@curiosity this is the kind of information that needs to be supplied up front
It's like any multi-particle state. If you say nothing about them being distinguishable/bosons/fermions, then there's no reason to assume any further constraints.
@curiosity so there you have it.
15:11
The moment you do impose such a constraint, of course, you'll be restricted to some subspace.
you've successfully applied an external constraint.
so in this case, not all phonon states would be allowed?
that is correct.
Note, though, that your earlier statement is not correct:
5 mins ago, by curiosity
for example if we only have two coupled oscillators i think it can be shown that the $|00\rangle$ is symmetric with respect to particle exchange
5 mins ago, by curiosity
and if the two particles were ferminon, it would not be an allowed state
what's required is that the total wavefunction be symmetric under exchange
but when we are dealing with phonons in condensed matter theory, the individual particles are the atoms of the lattice, which may well be identical fermions, right?
15:14
sure, but you already stated a case in which the position wf would be antisymmetric under exchange
@Semiclassical i was in this case supposing that the wf of the spin dof is in a symmetric state
in which case, the rest of the wf had better be symmetric under exchange
...wait. hang on, I think I may have mixed myself up
spin triplet = symmetric under exchange, so the position wf has to be antisymmetric under exchange. hence |00> is not allowed
bleh, that was silly of me
that is interesting
when we are dealiong with condensed matter theory
Keep in mind, though, that when you write $|00⟩$ for a phonon state, that does not mean that the first factor is for the first fermion and the second factor is for the second one.
we may have a lattice of fermions, which we want to describe by phonon states
@EmilioPisanty yes im aware of that, but $|00\rangle$ is an element of the two particle hilbertspace right?
15:18
the fermion exchange operator does not coincide with the phonon exchange operator
that might be an entangled state
but we require the wavefunction to be antisymmetric under the fermion exchange op
doesnt that mean that our phonon soolution is almost useless unless we find out which occupations are allowed by that constraint?
15:54
@JohnRennie sir are you there ?
16:05
@Akash.B hi
16:21
@JohnRennie Sir John Rennie :P
Ser John Rennie (not not really)
Surgeon Rennie
Sturgeon Rennie
Sirloin Rennie.
4
(yes, I'm hungry)
His holiness John Rennie I
16:24
ACuriousCarnivore
Fullyclassical
Sortaclassical
Almostclassical
Barelyclassical
Microclassical
Avacadogarden
God we're bored
16:27
Holyholyholyholyholyholyholy...
@SirCumference Ser Radians
@ACuriousMind You don't say parameterize?
@Semiclassical Steradians?
yes, that was the joke
semiradians
16:27
@SirCumference Nope
semiclassical mind
Sir Facearea
@SirCumference That's what you take to bulk up your muscles isn't it?
@JohnRennie your trig muscle, yes
@JohnRennie Steroidians are my new favorite unit
16:29
Lots of pie
I think my strength is about 0.01 steroidians :P
steroids help you do tri sets, steradians help you do trig sets
(that joke almost works)
@Semiclassical Brilliant
I'll be stealing that if you don't mind ;)
works for me
16:44
I need points. There are so many questions I wanted to give a bounty on. But I ask too many 0 points questions, I answer nothing and when I do, nobody upvote. I need to answer more questions damn it
@user54826 You need imaginary internet points to award other people imaginary internet points? :P
no
I need imaginary internet points to get interesting questions answered
If they're interesting they'll be answered on their own. I don't think bounties do much tbh
wrong
look at that question for instance physics.stackexchange.com/questions/284444/…
That was probably on the hot network. I don't see any points awarded
16:48
the current accepted and top answer is moot, doesn't even adress the question "does that also mean that there is a minimum-possible frequency (and thus, a maximum-possible wavelength)?"
yet it has 28 points, it's over. nobody is going to try a new good answer that deals with the question asked
it's just over without a bounty IMO. I'll gather point and offer 500 of them
I have to say I don't see why you think that is a good enough question to be worth a bounty.
well , according to ana v, there cannot exist a photon whose wavelength is greater than the size of the universe. to me, this is wrong, because it's not like the photon has to satisfy a kind of a boundary condition as say, a photon in a microwave oven
the fact that a giant in physics (ana v) claims this whilst others on IRC have different opinions, makes me think the question is good . and i find it interesting too
11
Q: Making a physicist

TomMaterials: CV step-up transformer with coil ratio 1:5 Method: Apply the CV to the primary coil and spin it. Result: A physicist is output. Who?

@user54826 I don't see what you want to achieve with a bounty: Josephus' answer is already correct, you aren't going to get a much better response than that to this (not very interesting :P) question. If you think Josephus' answer is so excellent it deserves to get a bounty, sure, go ahead.
@user54826 the question asks:
> since energy is quantized, presumably there exists some quantum of energy that is the smallest possible. Is there truly such a universally-minimum quantum of E
The answer is no. End of question.
Anonymous
17:13
@user54826 "I answer nothing and when I do, nobody upvote" --- that's sort of obvious isn't it? Not many people here care about current electricity and solid state questions. Try answering other popular topics to gain quick points :P
Anonymous
Anonymous
(I'm not saying that you shouldn't answer those type of question either ;))
Anonymous
We do need more solid state people (albeit it's a very very boring subject)!
Anonymous
One way to gain cheap points is to answer basic Newtonian mech questions btw
@Blue Yowch. "Your subject of interest is very very boring" :P
Anonymous
17:20
It's my subject too ;_; (well, at least one of my subjects)
Anonymous
We had this whole solid state electronics book in the first year. Never attended any of the classes ( except the initial few) and somehow managed to pass the exams by studying in the last 2 weeks :P
17:38
[Random]
Theorem X: Any magma M with division by zero is only power associative
Proof: See math chat
18:05
thanks John Rennie, Blue, Sir cumference and ACuriousone
3
Q: Who or what is George Rajna?

Mehrdad YousefiI don't know maybe this question seems off topic but anybody get the chance to look at vixra.org archive? It seems it is blown up by some manuscripts from a guy, which is called "George Rajna", and more interestingly all of them are about some ridiculously (excuse me I didn't find another appro...

finally, someone in Stack Exchange with the courage to tackle some of the truly great questions facing humanity today
Anonymous
2-3 50+ page papers per day...doesn't sound very human to me...
Anonymous
"I don't think this is a bot. It looks more like a (somewhat misguided) real human, who may or may not be operating under a pseudonym."
Anonymous
I mean, even typing that much takes time
Anonymous
Hmm, might be simply a copy-paste compilation
18:15
@Blue see? it is a mystery
Anonymous
If it's just a copy-paste thing, that shouldn't be a mystery. We could check them with some academic plagiarism software :P
or what if it's a copy-paste thing that's also supplemented with some fraction of pure crank?
where's the crank, and what is it about?
Anonymous
A part of me agrees with knzhou that it is not worth our time looking for their real identity, but now you made me curious :P
rob
rob
> anybody get a chance to look at the vixra.org archive?
NO
Anonymous
I do have a mental list of *****'s whom I'd be glad to meet face to face and just observe how their real persona and online persona differ. They are intriguing after all (mostly because I can't justify their actions in cost-profit terms)
18:28
@Blue If you find all human actions intriguing that can't be justified in cost-profit terms, you must live in a constant state of amazement!
Anonymous
@ACuriousMind I'm including "mental satisfaction" and "guilty pleasures" in the "profit" category, so that cuts it down a bit
Anonymous
But it is indeed a mystery why someone would post crackpotish papers at that rate, without making much attempts at spreading them (those papers seem to have 0 downloads mostly)
Anonymous
The 0 downloads might be a bit misleading tho (as most browsers allow you to view temporarily without downloading)
Anonymous
The older ones have a bit more downloads
Anonymous
18:35
Goddamn, 1608 downloads
Anonymous
Must be the attractive title
thicc title
18:51
@rob ah, c'mon, you gotta check in at least once to see what it's like
if only to be able to dismiss it correctly
too many articles to dismiss
just summarily dismiss everything in there lol
rob
rob
@EmilioPisanty Is every couple of years enough?
Anonymous
"Artificial Intelligence Bring Sun Power to Earth"
@rob I'd say that's too much
when I said once I meant once
vixra is proof for me of the concept of 'negative credibility'
a random blog post may not carry any positive credibility as such, but it doesn't actively associate itself with a sea of wrong
if I look at a random one of Rajna's recent articles, it reads more like someone copy-pasted a bunch of sentences from other abstracts: vixra.org/abs/1808.0606
without much attention to whether the sentences so combined actually fit together
19:29
what on Earth
looking at the papers on vixra about condensed matter. they're like almost all from that dude
well, his papers seem to be bits and pieces of actual original work from across the web, amalgamated in a haphazard way. so in that sense I guess he is an expert on condensed matter
i have a question related to onsager's famous paper
if i remember well, it is stated that a system reaches thermalization in a time proportional to l^2, in other words, its length squared
i guess he means the length in the direction of heat propagation
my question is, how this apply only for particular boundary conditions like dirichlet ones (maintain constant T on both ends)?
I think so. but I am not 100% sure
i imagine a big cube of metal and a small rod of metal, both having the same height
if i maintain constant the temperature at the base of both object, it's obvious (neglecting radiation) that they will thermalize at the same time
on the other hand, if I use the same heat flux through each object, this won't be true anymore, i.e. if I pass 10 W to heat up the rod and 10 W to heat up the immense cube, it's obvious the rod will thermalize faster
just want to make sure my intuition is correct
19:46
that sounds reasonable. with an intuitive argument like the one he's making you have to be careful to think through what assumptions are being made
whereas with a more formal argument it's usually more obvious what's being assumed
wait, it should be easy to check i think
the problem is easily solved analytically by hand. the time dependent part is a decaying exponential
or increasing one, like charging a capacitor
i just need to check the argument of the exponential, I think
the factor in front of t, the time
if there's an L^2 involved then bingo we're done
I wouldn't be surprised if his argument works a bit weirdly on a system with geometric constraints, e.g. thermalization on a loop would presumably proceed differently once the heat has spread out enough to know about the geometry
hmm
i tihnk his argument holds
in the case of the loop, the direction of propagation is not fix
it changes, so it's longer than what a straight rod of the same height would have
but the argument is still valid I think
19:56
hmm
that seems reasonable enough
I think you could probably cook up geometries which are weird enough to make that fail
but that's more of a headache than I care for
I might try to derive it tomorrow. should come off pretty easily if separation of variables works for a finite length rod
on this, good night all!
whomp
just finished another all marketing meeting
mmm
20:26
So for physics.stackexchange.com/questions/2865/…, is the MTY mechanism for converting a wormhole into a time machine valid? Their mechanism is described here on page 1447.
20:51
@Semiclassical There are algorithms that will produce reasonable synthax for an original manuscript based on providing the algorithm with “real” papers, i.e. the algorithm searches for some recurring keywords in the input papers and can then stitch something readable from those.
... however glancing at papers by your friend Rajna some of the postings aren’t even that sophisticated. More like copy-paste from some random blogs somewhere.
21:19
there's at least one paragraph I found which seems to have been lifted from a Wikipedia comment, which is...weird
anyways, i was attempting a joke: he creates so much 'condensed matter' in the form of his many many stitched-together papers that he must be considered an expert of it

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