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00:00 - 17:0017:00 - 00:00

00:02
by the Alexandrov-Penrose theorem the thing can even be a ball, topologically
so no holes
something has to go wrong if a spacelike geodesic leaves
@ACuriousMind It is strong argument. I am thinking on it. I think, the optimal balance would require a statistical processing of the site data, extended with a little bit AI. Other global companies, particularly the Google, are doing this. I am nearly sure, that the SE doesn't. And we mortals don't have access to the most important part, to the voting data.
Do tell
I need about 5 false alerts
I do have an idea though
@ACuriousMind The most important factor affecting my opinion is that I can feel very well the disappointment, what a question closure generates. But I can't feel very well the disappointment, what the bad questions generate in the experts/answerers. On other sites, where also I am an expert, I simply vote down/close the bad posts and forget them. They would only annoy me if they would be far more. But if I see a good, or at least acceptable question with close votes, that makes me disappointed.
If $p,q\in D$ where $D$ is the diamond, consider a geodesic $\gamma$ connecting them
This is the unique geodesic from the CNN
Suppose $\gamma$ leaves $D$. Then it must intersect $\partial D$ in two places. I think this violates uniqueness
maybe not
this seems like an impossible situation @Slereah
00:12
what would be the other geodesic connecting the two in this case?
idk, from that picture it seems pretty darn obvious that one should be able to connect them within the diamond
@ACuriousMind I am inclusionist. As internet communities mature, typically their deletionist line strengthens. As far I know, the PSE got the deletionist majority roughly in 2012-2013. I think, you see a relative pure and clean site, what is the current PSE. I see also a site, what is larger as the MathSE and educates the schoolkids of the future on the whole Earth - and which site never existed. But it could have existed.
Well yeah but if we only had to rely on obvious we wouldn't need a proof
@Slereah Are these small causal diamonds globally hyperbolic?
Hm
By "small diamond", do you mean the image of an actual diamond from the tangent plane?
Because the timelike cylinder is causally convex
00:18
idk what exactly I mean. Probably $I^+\cap I^-$ for two very close points
$I^+$ and $I^-$ is the whole spacetime for totally vicious spacetimes
for any point
Although yeah I guess it would be?
I'm not sure tho
the spacetime is strongly causal
I mean
There's always a globally hyperbolic neighbourhood around any point
So just do a causal diamond in that neighbourhood
You'll always get one
look
I don't think there can be a piece of the boundary over there
what's that neighbourhood?
00:26
although this is possible lol
@Slereah the image of the diamond under normal cordinates
yeah that's the issue
gotta prove that it is indeed convex
@Slereah For what it's worth, Sanchez avoids using this in his proof of the Alexandrov topology theorem
Yeah isn't there just one book that uses that theorem?
HE and BEE
the original Hawking papers don't use it
mb you can ask Ellis about it
00:35
doubtful
isn't he going crazy?
Nah
I sent him an email a while back, remember
You might be thinking of Penrose
we need @ACuriousMind or @EmilioPisanty to put a bounty on it!!!
Hm
Looking through my folder
Another paper by Valter Moretti
In Italian this time
La Struttura Matematica della Meccanica Quantistica e teoria spettrale in spazi di Hilbert
this is giving me a headache
when even Sanchez can't do it, what hope is there?
@Slereah Um, can any two points in a globally hyperbolic space be connected by a geodesic?
I think so?
Isn't that a theorem in HE
00:42
page?
lemme see
Prop 6.7.1., for causal related points
I know that one
I need it for any points
rob
rob
people of hbar: i greet you
@rob why are you acting strangely?
rob
rob
@0ßelö7 what is your evidence that i am acting strangely? i am acting perfectly normally.
00:46
are you hacked?
Hello I am Rob, I would like one of your earth's ice cream
rob
rob
@Slereah Actually that'd be delicious
Some random time travel model thought: Instead of having each spacetime point being some fixed value, perhaps we can instead express them in terms of functions of every possible worldline that lead to it.

Therefore, each spacetime point will become path dependent, and observers will see different energy momentum densities depending on how they reach it from some initial point
@Slereah let's see if any of the BEE crowd are alive
Under this framework, the currently open question will then be whether the resulting spacetime diagrams will be consistent at every point for all observers and all possible worldlines
00:51
beem is emeritus
ehrlich is too
If the time travel is type 1, then this path dependent spacetime reduces to the CTC case where every spacetime point is path independent
easley seems to be alive and active
@Slereah I'll write him an email
now I gotta eat...
 
7 hours later…
07:50
@0celo7 a bounty in what?
But it's @ACuriousMind's turn anyway
@EmilioPisanty He wants a bounty on his question but is too stingy to offer one himself :P
I didn't know there was such a thing as a right handed antipositron. I live and learn.
08:21
@JohnRennie have you seen this? It's my favorite reference on the topic
ah, well then we are on the same page
I didn't know what context you brought that up in
@DavidZ I only mentioned it because when I Googled to find out why the Higgs doesn't couple to the neutrino I found that article, and I thought it was extremely well written. A nigh on perfect example of what a popular science article should be but rarely is!
Indeed. The author has quite a talent for popular explanations which don't sacrifice technical accuracy.
09:25
@ACuriousMind as I understand it, the proper response in tennesseean is "aw, hell no!"
09:42
24
Q: What are quantum fields mathematically?

Oliver GregoryI'm confused as to how quantum fields are defined mathematically, and I've seen from questions on this site and Wikipedia articles that classical fields are just functions that output a field value for a given point in space input. Is this the same for quantum fields? Are quantum fields too just...

Thinking...
10:09
@JohnRennie wait, what? What's an antipositron and how is it not an electron?
(I know, probably explained in your links, I'm a slow reader)
@EmilioPisanty An antipositron is what you get if you flip the chirality of an electron
@EmilioPisanty The link discusses a hypothetical world of massless leptons in which the chiral parts of the electron decouple. It then calls the left-handed part "electron" and the right-handed part "anti-positron". In reality, leptons have mass and the "electron" and "anti-positron" in this terminology mix to yield our ordinary electron.
This terminology is useful to discuss the weak interaction because it's chiral and only couples to the "electron", not the ordinary electron
It would be even more useful however if it didn't overload existing terminology :P
I called the "electron" and the "anti-positron" electron-1 and electron-2 in this answer of mine
2 messages moved to Trash
@MathematicsAminPhysics You have no business posting "NOTICE"s here that are designed to look like official announcements when starred but aren't.
user84215
Ok. I post it without NOTICE.
10:24
@MathematicsAminPhysics If you want to inform people that some sort of event is going on in your personal chatroom, that's fine (once), as long as you are very clear that this is your personal project and noone else is involved with it.
In particular, calling it a "course" and posting in that format already has misled users here once that this was somehow an event endorsed by this room and its owners, which I won't let happen again.
4
user84215
@ACuriousMind Ok. Can I post in in this format?: "The following event is to be held; it has nothing to do with this room"
@MathematicsAminPhysics I would much prefer if you'd use "I want to hold event X in room Y on date Z, come by if you like" instead of the passive voice which strongly suggests there's some larger organization behind it. (If there is a larger group of people behind this I'd be happy to know, but so far the evidence suggests it is just you)
user84215
I want to hold the following event; it has nothing to do with this room:
user84215
The first week of the Abstract Algebra Course will start at 9:30 GMT on Saturday, October 14, 2017 in this room.
10:40
@MathematicsAminPhysics I fear you have misunderstood me: Please post your message in a way that, when starred by others, does not look like an official announcement of some sort. What you write in your first message is completely irrelevant if you then post the second one without it containing any hint of this being your personal project.
user84215
@ACuriousMind You can remove stars.
@MathematicsAminPhysics Sure. If you're fine with your message being kept off the starboard, no problem. But given that you (presumably) want to reach as many people as possible, why would you give up the opportunity to be showcased on the starboard?
user84215
I want to hold the following event; it has nothing to do with this room: The first week of the Abstract Algebra Course will start at 9:30 GMT on Saturday, October 14, 2017 in this room.
11:06
@MathematicsAminPhysics are you an abstract algebrist? Will you personally be teaching the course? The message as you've written it implies both; if either of the two is false then the message is misleading.
@ACuriousMind is the depiction of the physical electron in that article wrong? Shouldn't it show a combination of left and right chiralities?
Oh no, hang on ...
@JohnRennie That image is weird and probably shouldn't have an arrow at all on the l.h.s. and a red arrow on the mustachioed particle
user84215
@EmilioPisanty First I posted that event in a correct form. Then one of the moderators wanted me to change its format. You can see its correct form in ♦ Trash.
@ACuriousMind Unless the arrows are showing helicity not chirality
Sid
Sid
My Afghan friend clearly doesn't seem to like this train journey
11:11
@JohnRennie Oh, right, the arrows are helicity
I think that's what confused me. The author is being casual about distinguishing between helicity and chirality
It's terrible to say "left-handed" for helicity btw because "chiral" also means "handed" - chirality means handedness.
It also isn't clear which of his particles are massless, in which case the helicity and chirality are the same of course.
@JohnRennie The author says it shortly before that - the arrow is helicity, the mustache is chirality
Aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaah. Bing!
11:15
Which is confusing because that's not exactly how it worked before that, but I guess the author managed to confuse themselves multiple times during writing that article as evidenced by all the edits ;)
I managed to thoroughly confuse myself reading the article, but to be fair it (and your help :-) have illuminated an area of physics that was previously totally mysterious to me.
The chirality/helicity business is pretty confusing and most texts are abysmal at actually explaining it, so yeah, the article is pretty good even if it could be a bit streamlined to reduce the change of confusion
11:33
@MathematicsAminPhysics none of the forms you've posted are "correct", and the criticism of the previous versions is also on the dot
It seems that you're not quite fully brushed up on what does and does not constitute misleading advertising, but if you want to advertise in this room then you will be held to our usual standards, which are rather higher than what you've written thus far.
12:01
Hi Rennie thank you very much for your offer to explain the uncertainty principle!!!
Eventually I figured out, that quantum mechanics say...and I take them for granted...that momentum and location are just a change of basis using the Fourier transformation...This makes the uncertainty principle rather trivial imo
12:27
@Felix.C Although I would agree that the uncertainty principle is much less mysterious than it is usually made out to be, I'd caution against seeing it as an instance of the Fourier uncertainty. Rather, the implication goes the other way around: The Fourier uncertainty is a special case of the much more general quantum mechanical principle, see e.g. this answer of mine
0
Q: Non-technical overview of how maths in SM works, for physics enthusiast lacking any real group theory - is it possible?

StilezI have some mathematical and some physics knowledge, and a long standing keen interest in the Standard Model. I know I'll never know enough maths to really understand it - my head gets the basic concepts of what groups are but very little of what can be done with them, or with the key properties ...

Too broad?
2
user84215
in Mathematics, 3 mins ago, by MathematicsAminPhysics
How does the (1,3)- curvature tensor behave under scaling the metric?
12:42
Wald appendix C (maybe D)
user84215
The above message is the answer to my question?
Yes
@Qmechanic I think so, OP is basically asking for a summary of a comprehensive QFT book.
@ACuriousMind : Agree.
12:51
@Slereah but what is the significance?
An elephant
Hm, neither the Ellis-Bronnikov drainhole nor the Morris-Thorne wormhole have the specific metric $$ds^2 = -dt^2 + dl^2 + (l^2 + a^2) d\Omega^2$$
What should I call this metric
It's an important enough metric to get a name
If it is new, I will prefer naming it in a descriptive manner such that it highlights the most characteristic property that is unique to this metric
For example, how does it differ from the usual wormhole solutions
NB. From naively looking at this metric, it seems this spacetime has some kind of "cone like shape" for its radial component
this is because the $l$ dependence of the angular components
not at all
@Felix.C Cool :-) That was pretty much what I was going to tell you anyway.
Apparently it is very close to the Hornedski wormhole
13:52
Based on a discussion I was having yesterday, does the following make sense? I have a particle in an infinite box (s.t. E_n = n^2/L^2), and I say that the box is filled up to some E = E_f. Lets say that for L = 10, there are N = 5 states for which E_n < E_f, so they are occupied. If I now increase L (and keep E_f fixed), how will N scale with L? Linearly or quadratically?
Just trying it on paper shows me that it is linearly, but somehow it isn't intuitive to me that the ^2 of the n cancels with that of the L. I'd still think the energy separation changes quadratically. But I guess, by writing it now, it makes sense that the factor from the state number itself also scales quadratically so that it does indeed cancel
14:25
@ِAll_of_the_Eminem_fans: youtu.be/LunHybOKIjU?t=239
@ACuriousMind I think any big text can be summarized into any small one. Of course it will result information loss, but no OP can think seriously that he will get a 200 page long answer for a single-sentence question.
@peterh "How does one prove Fermat's last theorem in full detail?"
@peterh I don't think OP expects a 200 page long answer. I think OP simply doesn't realize that what they are asking for is such a long answer, because they seriously underestimate the amount of stuff that goes into the theoretical machinery of the Standard Model.
That sort of question would sorta demand a long answer. (Whether they'd receive it, of course, is a different matter.)
14:43
@Semiclassical I think, the pretty answer for that is a summary, showing how the proof works. As far I know, it has uses some tricky features of the elliptic functions to prove a conjecture, which follows also the Fermat-theorem. It is not a request to copy-paste the whole theorem, it is a request to understand, how the proof works.
@ACuriousMind Thus, they don't get a complete answer, only a summary of a possible complete answer. As I tried to explain it on the Meta SE, I got terrible reactions, but only very few arguments.
click it
it's creepy
I think, most of the most "holy" rules of the SE (like, in this case, that the "too broad" questions are not okay) are simply net crap. I can live with it, but I will always deeply despise these rules.
@peterh There is no "summary" of QFT or the Standard Model that avoids the sort of mathematics OP wishes to avoid. The answer OP wants simply doesn't exist, and the only way to answer their question would be to explain all the mathematics to them from the ground up.
@0celo7 Why is it creepy?
@ACuriousMind a family webpage?
that doesn't send chills down your spine?
Not really, no
I've seen much stranger things on the internet :P
14:53
have you seen the hair cake
what, like the dark web?
deeb web is a meme lol
weeb web
But in any case, even if the internet wasn't a strange place, I don't understand what's so creepy about a family webpage
I get serious psychopath vibes from it
14:54
i think family websites are less common nowadays what with FAcebook and all
but srsly there's nothing at all ominous about that
@0celo7 Maybe that says more about your family than about the people with the website...
@ACuriousMind Not Nice
@BernardoMeurer can testify that my family is 100% normal
How dare you mr skeleton
A., Klamt; G., Schüürmann (1993). "COSMO: a new approach to dielectric screening in solvents with explicit expressions for the screening energy .." .@EmilioPisanty — Schopenhauer 16 mins ago
@ACuriousMind what's with that second name?
@0celo7 Wait, I thought I was a vampire
Guy's webpage says he's German ufz.de/index.php?en=37476, but what's with the üü?
15:01
@ACuriousMind I would think that a quantum physicist wouldn't limit himself to one state of being
Or herself, as is the case here
@EmilioPisanty Never heard it before. Surnames are weird and often don't make sense :P
@ACuriousMind German is weird and doesn't make sense, overall
It's the most logical language
Imma stay putting üüs in words from now on
Matter of fact, imma start putting in üüüs and üüüüs while I'm at it
i've got a word, i've got a german, üüüühhh... german word
15:08
Bjüürn
Jööliger
@JohnRennie Can I ask you a physico-chemical question?
You can ask ...
so we know that the rate constant of a chemical reaction satisfies $k \propto \exp(-E_a/RT)$ where $E_a$ is the activation energy required for bootstarting the reaction and everything's happening at Kelvin temperature $K$.
That's the Arrhenius equation
That's more of a phenomenological rule than a fundamental one, but yes it generally works.
Right
So I was wondering if there's an electrochemical explanation of this, where we have the similar "expression" (Nernst equation) $Q \propto \exp(nFE^0/RT)$ flying around for an electrochemical reaction with reduction potential 0, $Q$ being the reaction quotient.
Or if this really is a superficial similarity
15:18
I suspect the common thread is "statistical mechanics"
I guess we could potentially (no pun intended) think about $E^0$ as the activation energy for an electrochemical reaction
@Semiclassical hm
Um, ah, no I don't think so.
Isn't is related to the fact that the EMF is the log of the free energy change? Or is it the other way round ...
I'd have to dig out my physical chemistry books to refresh my memory.
But I don't think it's related to having an activation energy.
Hrm
I never really understood the standard electrode potential to be honest.
the relevant bit of stat mech is that, if you've got a canonical distribution, then the probability of a state n is given by Pn ~ e^(Sn/k)
that's just boltzmann's entropy formula, really
and then Sn/k = (Fn-En)/(kT)
where Fn, En are the helmholtz free energy and the total energy of that state
15:30
Let me dig out my copy of Moore's Physical Chemistry.
Thanks
Page 520 (out of 969). Goodness it's a tome.
OK $$\Delta G = RT \ln Q $$
Right.
That's just regular thermodynamics not electrochemistry
I agree
I think $\Delta G$ turns out to be proportional to $-(E - E^0)$ in electrochemical reactions.
15:33
And when you transport a charge $z$ across an EMF $E$ the free energy change is just $$\Delta G = zFE $$ where $F$ is some constant or other.
Ah, yes, true
So you end up with $E \propto \ln Q$.
Hence the exponential form
So, nothing to do with an energy barrier. Sorry :-(
But if nothing else you've reminded me how tedious it was to study electrochemistry and how pleased I was to give it up :-)
15:37
I'm not sure why the EMF itself wouldn't count as a barrier.
@Semiclassical That's what I was trying to get at
You have to do a certain amount of work as you move the particle across.
it's a chemical potential, really
see for instance the discussion here: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/…
It seems the correct analogy to the Nernst equation would be the Eyring equation
But the Nernst equation is a statement of equilibrium properties. There is nothing in it related to kinetics.
hrm
even so, I'd classify this under the common rubric of stat-mech /thermodynamics stuff
15:42
@JohnRennie It does give information about the equillibrium constant, doesn't it? Which is possibly where the kinetics is happening (K is a ratio of the rate constants of the forward/backward reactions)?
I mean I am not saying anything rigorous, merely asking if what I am saying can be made rigorous in some formalism
It'd be disappointing if the similarity in the formulas turns out to be a coincidence...
The equilibrium constant is related to the free energy by a Boltzmann distribution type thingy.
Right.
When you have two systems with energies separated by $\Delta G$ their relative populations will be given by $e^{\Delta G/RT}$.
This is in the grand canonical ensemble?
The Arrhenius equation originates prom the fact the the proportion of reactants with enough energy to cross the barrier is also a Boltzmann distribution $e^{-E_a/RT}$.
@Semiclassical This is frenzied arm waving :-)
15:46
lol
i'm more wondering if that's the distinction here
(because I can't remember the details :-)
if the two scenarios involve similar reasoning but different kinds of ensembles
@JohnRennie Ah, hm
I love the way you say hmm when you're thinking he's talking bollocks but I'm not sure exactly how :-)
4
hmmmmmmmmm
15:48
:-)
my feeling is that it should, for both of them, boil down to energy barriers
@JohnRennie ahahah
just electrochemical potential vs. the energy of an excited intermediate state
so the difference between "provide energy to move it from one place to another" vs. "provide energy to get it to an excited intermediate"
it's like the distinction between, say, Zeeman energy and electric potential energy. Both are forms of potential energy, just with different mechanisms.
and whether you count these as being 'the same thing' will depend on what you're interested in
@all somehow I overrode days of work in github
how do I get it back?
I have no idea what happened
Unless you've deleted the repository your work will still all be there because github never deletes anything.
15:56
@JohnRennie how do I find it
Actually, how do I just wipe the whole thing and start from the local copy on the remote machine?
Have you lost files? Or have your files reverted to an earlier version?
@JohnRennie reverted somehow
it keeps getting upset by the .log files in the TeX and it's not letting me ignore the changes
On GitHub you can drill down to see an individual file and there is a history option somewhere that lists all previous versions.
ah, frick
how do I access my second monitor using this remote desktop program
Is your local repository not in sync with the GitHub repository?
15:58
well, github is apprently broken
the window won't show up any more
what a garbage program
The GitHub web site is broken?
@JohnRennie github desktop
I can't sync the repositories
ohh, I bet github clashes with teamviewer for some retarded reason
What I usually do when that happens is rename my broken local repository then redownload the repository from GitHub. Then you can copy files you've worked on from the broken repository into the shiny new copy.
I'll have to just email the files to myself
garbage!
Then sync it back up to GitHub.
16:01
@JohnRennie the repository itself is broken
it rolled back several days
The one on GitHub?
I don't know how to tell it to just ignore all changes on the laptop
the TeX logs make it go insane
@JohnRennie yeah
Damn, I started the dishwasher before cooking only to find out all knifes are in there now -.-
@ACuriousMind you wash knives in the dishwasher?
@0celo7 I don't have any high quality knives :P
16:03
@0celo7 hmm. You can still redownload the rolled back repository into a new location and copy over anything you've worked on.
@JohnRennie The good copy is on my desktop. I used teamviewer to save it
I should just wipe GitHub and put the good copy on it
How do I set it to ignore every file except for the .tex? It keeps getting messed up by the .log
And when I click ignore it does nothing
In that case create a new empty repository on GitHub and download it to your PC. Then copy in all the files you want in the repository and git add them then commit the change. Then sync back to GitHub.
New files, e.g. .log files, aren't added to the repository until you git add them. If you want to keep the logs you need to add them. If not just delete them.
Better still configure your TeX compiler to write log files to some other directory.
I don't know what git add means
Are you using a graphical Git client or the command line?
16:39
@JohnRennie graphical
@JohnRennie a bit easier said than done
@EmilioPisanty Was TeX invented as an instrument of torture? You lot all use it despite the continual howls of anguish it provokes.
7
Presumably you found hammering nails into your kneecaps wasn't horrible enough so you started using TeX instead?
@0celo7 different graphical environments work in different ways, so I'm not sure what you need to do in yours. But when you add a file to the directory containing your repository it isn't automatically added. You have to explicitly add it.
On the command line you use the command git add <filename> but with the GUI presumably there is some graphical way to do it.
@JohnRennie TeX is so awful
16:45
But the point is that until the file is explicitly added to the repository you can just delete it. So if the Tex compiler is creating log files in your repository directory just delete them before you do a commit and update.
@0celo7 The current trend is to use "Flex on them haters" as an alternative to "Dab on them haters".
flux compactifications anyone?
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