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13:00
@0celo7 I have doubts about the existence of the thing, which supposedely throws the die
@gonenc yes
> doubting the existence of God
your 3rd world is showing
@gonenc You're looking for (3.4.28)
@0celo7 either that or he plays gamble every goddamn second
@0celo7 there isn't any 3.4.28 in my edition, the last one is 3.4.26
@gonenc Stop pirating online editions which leave out pages ;)
@0celo7 NSA if you are seeing this: I'm not pirating anything.
@0celo7 how am I suppose to find wald so fast if not for internet sources?
@gonenc run to the library
13:06
NSA cares about pirating?
I thought it was the FBI who cared
@KyleKanos this
@0celo7 I live almost in the woods the closest library that has wald is like 10km away!
I can walk down the road to the LoC and get literally every book
all the books
all of them
@0celo7 note that I live in a 3rd world country meaning that there isn't any english books around here either
you should move to the 1st world
13:10
besides I already have carroll from the library
@0celo7 I'll in autumn, that is if you count germany as 1st world
Hah!
Germany $\subset$ 1st world! Good one!
@0celo7 at least they have health care
I have military insurance, don't pay a dime.
@0celo7 what about the others who has to pay a lot of shiny dimes?
@gonenc ::shrug:: Not all of us can have hard working parents.
13:14
@0celo7 I really don't wanna continue this discussion
You're the one who started it.
I don't pay a dime for the insurance I don't have
@0celo7 I know but still...
@KyleKanos ^^this
Plus, @0celo7, you're <18 so you're still covered by your parents insurance
@KyleKanos don't you really have health insurance?
13:16
@KyleKanos I am covered until age 27 (or is it 23?).
@gonenc Actually, I think my coverage ends in August. My wife & kids don't actually have any
@KyleKanos do you think it is unnecessary to have one?
To some extent yes. Insurance, at least in USA, is really to protect you from the expenses of accidents, major illnesses, etc
But it is also used to reduce costs of going to the doctor for well checkups
@KyleKanos Dunno, it is mandatory that I have a health insurance before I set foot in Germany
@gonenc Socialized medicine (Germany) vs not (USA)
Though with our cruddy new Obamacare, it's now a tax liability to have insurance
Sorry, tax liability to not have insurance
13:26
For QM I have access to Dirac, Feynman, Shankar and Sakurai which one should I read? My goal is to learn path integral formalism
@KyleKanos so I guess you are not gonna renew your insurance even though it is a tax liability
Dirac was written before Feynman invented the path integral.
> Greek (brown) letters $\kappa,\,\lambda,\ldots,$ denote spacetime (4D, usually) coordinate indices. Latin (black) letters $k,\,l,\ldots,$ denote spacetime (4D, usually) tetrad indices. Early-alphabet Greek letters $\alpha,\,\beta,\ldots$ denote spatial (3D, usually) coordinate indices. Early-alphabet Latin letters $a,\,b,\ldots$ denote spatial (3D, usually) tetrad indices. - Andrew Hamilton GR,BH & Cosmology notes
Shankar is overall a good book and has two chapters on path integrals.
That is going to be confusing for a bit...
@KyleKanos Brown?
Coloring indices is definitely not standard.
13:28
@gonenc Well I get my insurance through my university, so since I graduated I cannot renew it. I'll have to get a job in which insurance is provided
@0celo7 Yes, it actually is brown
@KyleKanos And those aren't standard.
I'm used to Greek = 4D, Latin = 3D
Spacetime = middle Greek, space = middle Latin.
3D tetrad indices?
He's trying too hard.
@0celo7 I don't know why they choose that way, I mean in GR and SR you hardly use only spacial components
The notes were linked in this PSE post
13:30
spacetime = latin would be much easier imo
@gonenc no
@gonenc Depends what you're doing
@gonenc Not to be picky or anything, but it's spatial.
With a T
I keep seeing spacial and thinking special
@0celo7 doch I hate to write and read in greek letters and obviously have much more experience with latin letters, which imo makes it easier to read
@KyleKanos oxford also accepts spacial but whatever, next time I'll say spatial :D
hmm.. Daniel Sank comes online once or twice a week, still manages to write a heavily starred comment which stays for the week at the side of the page
@KyleKanos Those later chapters are of interest to me
13:33
@0celo7 On spinors?
I'm interested in the GR half & some of the tetrad formalism
@KyleKanos Yeah, and the tetrad stuff looks interesting too
I know a lot of that, but some of it I've never heard of
oh or should I read L&L QM?
Just finish Carroll
@0celo7 well I want to plan ahead...
@gonenc Do you know any QM
13:35
@0celo7 of course I do
Just read the path integral chapters in Shankar and Sakurai
This is amazing:
14
Q: Do the beacon lighters really live on top of the mountains?

ShevliaskovicFollowing this image I found online: Do the beacon lighters really live on top of the mountains? It seems really cold on top of some of these mountains and there are no villages or whatsoever.

@KyleKanos Can you please check PSE for dupes o fa question involving accelerated observers in curved spacetime?
I can't find anything
14:08
-3
A: What is the most common form of antimatter in the universe?

John Duffield What is the most common form of antimatter in the universe? The proton. Yes, the proton. See this article about positronium which says "to a first approximation it can be regarded as a sort of light hydrogen atom". Positronium is a short-lived exotic atom, comprised of an electron and a po...

huh?
I curiously found this post:
9
Q: Why does large curvature of spacetime imply high temperature?

DilatonI`ve just stumbled about a sentence which says that high curvature of spacetime implies that any matter present is at high temperature. This somehow confuses me, so my probably dumb question(s) are: 1) How is this general (?) relationship between the temperature of matter and curvature of space...

Note the author of the accepted answer?
John Baez. So?
Hmm. I guess when we have a Nobel laureate, other famous scientists go out the window?
2
@KyleKanos That was exactly my thought.
@0celo7 Yeah, that's just ridiculous. Well worth the -1 to downvote that horrendous post.
14:18
@0celo7 huh?
@ACuriousMind What?
Can't you see the proton is clearly antimatter? :P
I found a typo on page 306 of Wald.
Density does not have units g/cm$^{-3}$
@ACuriousMind No, pls ELI5
ELI5?
14:19
@0celo7 ....?
sigh ELI5 = Explain Like I'm 5
@KyleKanos Wald forgot to delete the negative in the exponent.
I'm smarter than Wald.
Ah, I see now
@KyleKanos The proton is positively charged. The positron is positively charged. The positron is antimatter. Therefore, the proton is antimatter.
Lol, "black holes are small and black, and thus extremely difficult to observe"
That is the whole argument here, I think
14:22
Wait, is an antiproton matter then?
Yes, didn't you read the post? :D
I'll ask him that
@ACuriousMind Hmm. That seems rather intuitive.
So a proton (antimatter) has quark content $uud$...is a baryon with quark content $\bar u\bar u\bar d$ then regular matter? Is an antiproton not antimatter!? Confusing terminology, no wonder I've gotten this whole matter/antimatter thing wrong this whole time, — 0celo7 11 secs ago
Haha, you know Wald loves black holes. "Primordial black holes produce virtually no observable effects unless there are sufficiently many of them to affect cosmological evolution or one of them strikes the Earth."
It's like when the cosmic string people say the best way for us to find one is if one passes through the Earth
0
Q: Can you express the Feynman propagator as a limit?

zoobyAt first I thought that the Feynman propagator was the limit of: $$ G(x) = \frac{1}{x^2 + i \varepsilon} $$ But if you apply the wave equation to this you get: $$ \Box G(x) = \frac{\varepsilon}{(x^2 + i \varepsilon)^3} $$ So it seems this not the solution to $$\Box G(x) = \delta_4(x) $$ (Wh...

@ACuriousMind OP does not understand Greens functions?
@0celo7 Let's say that the standard physicist's knowledge of partial differential equations is (in my opinion) not sufficient compared to how much they're used in physics...
14:38
@0celo7 no shame in that, given how they're taught.
How do you define the Green's function rigorously? That free delta is triggering me
@0celo7 As a tempered distribution in $\mathscr{S}'$
@yuggib I see...not really
Yuggib is better than me to talk to about this, I think ;)
$\delta$ is a distribution, and you can define the derivative of distributions
14:42
Mmm, rigor overload. I'm doing a GR proof right now...my proof is a pretty picture!
Some lines and dots = good enough for me
so the Green function is a distribution satisfying the equation (in this case $\square G=\delta$)
in a distributional sense
@yuggib I'm not completely sure what this means
@0celo7 and this is why I say that PDEs (and the theory of distributions) are not known sufficiently well among physicists :-D
@yuggib I'm not a physicist
I have a high school diploma ;)
nevertheless you are studying physics...
;-)
14:47
I need the result of the theorem to prove the theorem...not good
It's not even a theorem, it's mentioned casually in the discussion!
@0celo7 (and many mathematicians would surely be crying seeing what you call a proof...)
:-D
@yuggib I like drawing pictures (spacetime diagrams, penrose diagrams, etc.) for these geometrical proofs
Sometimes I can see which theorems to apply
Sometimes, like in this case, not
Of course they are useful...but sadly not a proof
many times, however, a rigorous proof is not known
so something is better than nothing I guess
I'm trying to prove the horizon of a black hole is contained within the black hole (regarded as a set)
For that I need to prove the casual past of future null infinity is an open set
Future null infinity is an open set?
14:59
Not sure...
if yes, you have "only" to prove that the dynamics (geodesic flow) is a continuous map
Wald's sketched proof uses $M\cap J^-(\mathscr{I})=M\cap I^-(\mathscr{I})$
(for the dynamics I mean the map that associates to a point its causal future)
I don't know what those symbols mean...
($M$ and $I^-,J^-,\mathscr{J}$)
Manifold, chronological past, causal past, null infinity
I believe that any decent definition of the causal map $(I^{-})^{-1}$ should grant it is continuous...but that's just intuition
If it is, and $\mathscr{I}$ is open, as I said the proof is finished.
however I really don't know anything about that stuff
so take my words as probably wrong
15:10
I'll keep it in mind
But Wald's proof contains something that seems like it's just wrong...
15:23
@FenderLesPaul you non-afk?
@0celo7 I am now
@FenderLesPaul You near Wald?
I'm stuck on his proof that $J^-(\mathscr{I}^+)$ is an open set on page 308
In particular, I don't understand why $p$ and $r$ can always be connected by a timelike curve
Once I get that, I think I know how to complete the proof.
Theorem 12.2.1?
15:28
No
oh
above that
Second paragraph under the heading
Yeah, I definitely know how to complete the proof once I show p and r can be connected that way.
Why the heck does Linux Mint think I'm British!?
It is telling me that center is wrong while centre is right
"Kanos" sounds Greek/British
And it always wants me to spell it behaviour instead of behavior.
colour instead of color
The dictionary is set to US English, so this makes zero sense
15:31
what's the definition of an unbroken null geodesic, vs a broken one?
@0celo7 It is neither
@FenderLesPaul piecewise I think
Like a broken X geodesic is piecewise X
in that case, since $p\in J^{-}(q)$ can't you take the null geodesic that connects $p$ to $q$ (such a curve must exist since $p$ is in the causal past of $q$) and then take the null geodesic that connect $q$ to $r$, in accordance with the null generator of scri+, and then piecewise connect these two null geodesics? This is a causal curve connecting the two. I don't think it has to be timelike; he just says causal.
15:36
If p can be connected to r via a null geodesic, by the corollary to 8.1.2 p can be in J but not in I
since I=int J, this is bad if we want to show J is open
note the "which is not an unbroken null goedesic"
We must show that there is a timelike curve connecting p and r so corollary 8.1.2 doesn't kick in
does that hold if it's a piecewise null geodesic?
not sure
But if you take the null geodesic along scri, that's not piecewise, is it?
no but isn't the piecewise curve the combination of the null geodesic connecting p to q through $J^{-}(q)$ and then the null geodesic connecting q to r that lives in scri?
But that's just a straight shot and corollary 8.1.2 should apply
google tells me Wald never defined "unbroken null geodesic"
Hawking-Ellis seems to define unbroken geodesics as those whose tangent vectors are everywhere continuous
15:48
I think maybe the intersection with M has some importance
Is perhaps scri not contained within that intersection?
that would explain everything
oh
yes scri lives in the conformal extension; the "unphysical" space-time
it doesn't live in $M$
GDI that was my first though D:
I dismissed it
Alrighty then
cool beans
@FenderLesPaul This is best seen like this: $\partial M=\mathscr{I}^+\cup\mathscr{I}^-\cup i^0$, but since $M$ is an open set it does not contain its boundary, right?
indeed, I would agree
15:56
damn you Hawking for making GR into point set topology
damn you Moore for making point set topology
@Danu A distinct disadvantage of being in a suit is that bathbroom breaks (particularly #2) become arduous.
I would expect something like that in GTA...I can't believe that's real.
16:11
@0celo7 I find it funny that there were ~37 million gullible people who paid for a service like that (the promise of "full delete").
@KyleKanos I take it you're not on that site?
Or you just didn't request that service.
No, I wouldn't cheat on my wife because I, unlike those other guys (maybe?), actually like her
heh Ashley Madison
Lololol 37 million people who sign up to an official cheating website
that's an amazing social experiment
How so is it amazing?
16:23
Even if I was cheating (or planning on it), there's something inside me that would never want to make that "official"
Would you call that a moral conscience?
No, more like "avoiding responsibility"
aren't they just networking...
@Danu Wouldn't that be more like reducing the possibility of getting caught
@KyleKanos Those two are pretty similar
16:28
And still, the easiest way to not get caught doing something is to just not do it :D
That^ is an ethnical conscience
Cheers to that :D
Alas, I've already "seen some shit" in my social surroundings and know that this attitude is not feasible for everybody :P
Cheating?
Some have the attitude that it's only cheating if you get caught, right?
16:33
lol
Hypocrisy is what truly defines humanity
2
From topology to the ethics of cheating. Only in the PSE chat
You started it :P
Good point, I started both discussions :D
I wonder if the math chat has wholesome discussions like we do
Nope
Not really
16:38
I tried to have some fun there sometimes, but they don't seem to get into it
Too sensitive
I think the chat is just much more serious---people there are not really trying to have fun
Things get flagged, mods come in, people get suspended....
You can tell @skillpatrol had some issues there.. ;)
@Danu I'm not trying to have fun here, either - it just happens :D
16:41
They're explicitly trying not to ;)
True that^
Btw, I just barely passed algebraic geometry...f**king ample sheaves...
@ACuriousMind ouch
Good thing the grade doesn't count :D
You can just take some courses to get a pass, right?
16:50
@skillpatrol for the physics MSc here, only a few grades count, most are just pass or fail
17:18
No wonder physics MSc's don't get along with math MSc's; because when they meet in each other's classes one just wants a pass while the other needs an A. @ACuriousMind
17:28
So that's why MSE chat is so serious
ACM can screw off and play PoE 25 hours a day while his math counterpart needs to study algebraic geometry 25 hours a day :P
More importantly when they meet in the MSE chatroom sparks fly.
58 mins ago, by skill patrol
Things get flagged, mods come in, people get suspended....
obe
obe
@0celo7 Aerodynamics isn't cool?
@0celo7 still leaves 3 hours for work/fun though:
user image
4
17:43
@Danu mathematicians are still trying to prove the existence of fun from first principles
4
In mathematics, the field with one element is a suggestive name for an object that should behave similarly to a finite field with a single element, if such a field could exist. This object is denoted F1, or, in a French–English pun, Fun. The name "field with one element" and the notation F1 are only suggestive, as there is no field with one element in classical abstract algebra. Instead, F1 refers to the idea that there should be a way to replace sets and operations, the traditional building blocks for abstract algebra, with other, more flexible objects. While there is still no field with a single...
This is math's idea of "fun" :D
Or, more precisely, $F_\text{un}$.
@KyleKanos That...describes my schedule disturbingly well
Wow... so they've actually proven the nonexistence of fun
I've never heard ACM mention food actually.
17:47
Apr 19 at 1:30, by ACuriousMind
My main undergraduate research consisted in finding out how many consecutive days I can eat frozen pizza :P
@ACuriousMind I tried that first year of undergrad. Didn't mesh so well with work & school
Huh
I stand corrected
@DavidZ Yeah...for them, it's something that somehow should exist, but doesn't :P
2
@skillpatrol so what happened with you and MSE chat, anyway
@KyleKanos It's not actually my schedule, I sleep seven times a week...I think
17:49
(our chat sidebar is crazy :-P)
I like it
@0celo7 Yeah...I'm not a model student :P
How will you get a postdoc under Urs if you don't even know the mathematics of grain crops!!?
in Mathematics, 7 mins ago, by Huy
@TedShifrin: The physics department of our uni has dedicated blackboard-assistants. They sit in the lectures and whenever the professor runs out of space, they either move the blackboard up/down correspondingly or clean it for him. Unfortunately, the maths-department isn't quite as wealthy.
17:58
@0celo7 1. I have as of yet no idea when and where I want to do my postdoc. 2. I can do well with sheaves...there was just more stuff in the exam than I expected about a specific subset of them that I didn't think very important
obe
obe
@skillpatrol Normally it's the opposite.
At UofT the physics department cannot even afford their physics outreach anymore. In fact canada is the only country in the world that doesn't pay for their physics students to compete in the physics olympiad. lol.
@skillpatrol Same here, although there are only assistants for the large experimentalist lectures (who then also prepare and maintain the experiments that are shown). The theoreticians are left to fend for themselves.
I see.
Anyway, that was just a small sample of the kind of discussions that go on there concerning the two subjects.
You guys are welcome to come and lurk anytime :-)
If you want to see trolling taken to a whole new level @0celo7 come to the EL&U chatroom.
@skillpatrol: Do you spend your life on the SE chat network? ;)
obe
obe
18:14
@ACuriousMind entire life*
Nice correction^
Way too much of it @ACuriousMind :-)
@obe it's boring
@ACuriousMind 1. yeah right 2. yeah right
Probably important:
51
Q: Is this really how p-values work? Can a million research papers per year be based on pure randomness?

n_mu_sigmaI'm very new to statistics, and I'm just learning to understand the basics, including p-values. But there is a huge question mark in my mind right now, and I kind of hope my understanding is wrong. Here's my thought process: Aren't all researches around the world somewhat like the monkeys in the...

@ACuriousMind Whaaaaat? :P
@Danu Yup. :)
0
Q: What's heaviest, a pound of hay, a pound of gold, or a pound of lead?

HyperLuminalIt does seem like the hay would be the heaviest as it looks big. However they are all in the unit pounds, so...shouldn't they weigh the same?

Really? Self-answered question? About that?
@KyleKanos That's one HNQ that deserves to be one!
18:24
Lucky you
Isn't that a bad joke?
@KyleKanos p-values, the weight thing, or my grades? :D
@ACuriousMind Yes :D
I mean that weight one
@ACuriousMind Seriously that should be closed guys
Dupe of this:
5
Q: Is a block of cotton heavier than a block of iron?

Faizan Khanif i have a block of cotton and a block of iron each containing a weight of 100 kg when measured on a weighing machine, in reality which one is heaver than the other, which one is heavier and why? This question was in my physics worksheet. The teacher gave the following answer: the apparent weig...

18:26
@Danu I posted it here to get inspiration for a good reason
...or to have KyleKanos' magic abilities find the dupe :D
It's not an exact dupe though
But answers do discuss the difference between measuring forces & masses
...these things are all just boring semantics, to me
@KyleKanos dupey enough for me :P
Don't you mean "syntactic nonsense" ;)
Since 3 of yous agreed with Danu, I voted to close as dupe just to provide context for it since they're sorta related
@skillpatrol Nah, it's people quarrelling about the precise meaning of "weight of a block of X" - that's semantics, if I'm not mistaken (I could be).
18:32
vtc as "not physics" is correct IMO
Of course you're not mistaken @ACuriousMind I'm just trolling you pal :-)
@skillpatrol 1st rule of troll club: don't talk about trolling
Who said I'm apart of that club?
The first rule of tautology club is the first rule of tautology club.
18:36
(waiting for first person to link to the relevant XKCD link......)
We shalle see later?
lol wat
@0celo7 That's probably the least objectionable thing in there :D
@ACuriousMind That is pretty WTF-ish. I mean WTF is Nach Holder
GG ACM
@ACuriousMind Sei "the dual exponent" lol
18:37
And that's from my actual functional analysis script (which is taught in German)
dat German english
what is this nonsense
Engrish
too lazy to translate it from wherever he/she copied it I figure lol
"we daher have" lmao
Also is this like an elementary course?
@Danu It is the only functional analysis course there is here (PDE is it's sort-of-continuation)
I wonder how LMU's level of functional analysis compares to other German MSc programs
@ACuriousMind Ah okay
I guess the Bavarians are more into it
18:39
@ACuriousMind Cramming for the functional analysis exam?
we have 3 on FA, 2 on PDE's :P
And we didn't do any spectral theory :(
Only Sobolev shit stuff
You did all that Sobolev and still have no clue how to do 10.1 in Wald??
obe
obe
@0celo7 ;<
Don't worry Feynman backs you up that it isn't boring @obe
18:42
@0celo7 I still don't even know what an "interior cone condition" is and I have no particular desire to learn about it :P
anyone here familiar with the relationship between scaling dimension of operator insertions in a thermal CFT and the resulting temperature perturbation?
Also, I'm not really sure what exactly I learned about Sobolev spaces except that I don't care much whether $W^{k,p}$ embeds into $W^{l,q}$.
or have a reference for it?
This script is horrible
I think I'll switch to my handwritten notes :P
This also appears at a point in the notes that doesn't have anything to do with the $^*$-topology
"which konvergiert gleichmäßig to ein stetig function"...I really wonder what drugs the guy responsible for these notes was taking.
Roflmao
This is amazing
18:50
@ACuriousMind That type of Sobolev spaces are so not useful (at least for a physicist)... Only $H^{s}(\mathbb{R}^d)$ and $\dot{H}^s(\mathbb{R}^d)$ matter
Ist it easy?!
@yuggib The lecturer asked us at the end for any comments. He just looked at me funny and told me "Hilbert spaces and spectral theory are...not that interesting" when I said I'd have liked more (or at least some) of that :D
@ACuriousMind T__T
@Danu It continues like this for about two pages :D
It's really weird...it is perfectly fine German, and then it randomly switches to this gibberish.
@yuggib Pretty much the look on my face
user54412
@ACuriousMind Reminds me of the time an applied mathematician I knew was in a diff eq course that started with "What type of equations do you want to solve?" Everyone named an equation and was told "we'll solve that" but my friend said "Schrödinger" and got the response "impossible."

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