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12:40 AM
is the spin operator the generator of rotations? or is the total angular momentum operator the generator of momentum?
 
@SillyGoose haven't we been over this?
 
1:15 AM
i thought so xD so it is total ang momentum as denotd by J
 
1:47 AM
why is the difference between the identity operator and the translation operator expected to be first order in dx?
 
 
4 hours later…
5:32 AM
@ACuriousMind I'm pretty sure that's Duffield's website
ah wait JR mentioned it
 
6:22 AM
@SirCumference Even from beyond the (SE) grave he is haunting us.
 
6:52 AM
is he still banned
 
@RyanUnger No
But he finally got the message.
 
He has stopped posting even on other SE
He may be dead
 
Well he's still writing posts for his own blog so he's quite an active corpse.
 
@Slereah I posted my physics pape
 
Congrats
 
6:55 AM
so now I can tell you why I was thinking about physics
"I've done a lot of research, particularly into historical papers"
lmao
 
Sigh
 
what were you up to?
 
was thinking about black hole thermodynamics
and would still like to know some actual thermodynamics
 
a noble goal
Me I've been having the COVID so I haven't done shit in like 3 weeks
it is a bit frustrating
 
3 weeks!
wow
 
6:58 AM
The effects of the COVID are quite longlasting
 
I've had it twice (thrice?)
 
and not very conducive to reading math
I do hope it will get better soon
it's also not great for doing my actual job
 
@Slereah I found much the same. It's the tiredness - it makes it really hard to concentrate and that's not ideal for learning maths.
 
yeah
Also headaches
giving me high blood pressure
My blood pressure was probably not great to begin with so it didn't help
 
Have you seen a doctor for medication?
 
7:07 AM
I have yes
just gotta wait it out by now
 
What medicine did they prescribe?
 
Mostly just paracetamol and blood pressure meds
 
Is taking time off work and hibernation an option :P
 
I got a week off but now I am not sick enough anymore to justify more apparently
back to the mines
 
Whoever decides "not sick enough" is taking a huge legal risk.
 
7:15 AM
Doctor just said that if I don't have a fever or cough it's fine :p
Can't have COVID ruin the wage labour of the workers I guess
although I am not doing much good work in that state rly
 
Yeah, let coV-politics ruin the rights of the worker ✊
📊
 
 
4 hours later…
11:06 AM
Hi everyone, I've a question which may not fit the formal Q/A format, so I'm trying the chat... From Euler's inverse formula we know a cosine is the sum of two rotating phasors. I'm looking for a simple experiment showing this property, like a pendulum shows what is a sinusoid. Any idea? (I'm not looking for a math proof but something visual).
 
 
1 hour later…
12:35 PM
@LalitTolani Please don't post your question here directly after you ask it - if everyone did that, the chat would be flooded with posts. (If you think it is of specific interest to someone here or you're looking for feedback on it that's a different matter)
 
ok @ACuriousMind, i will remember it from now
 
 
3 hours later…
4:05 PM
Hello, is anyone here? Nice to meet you all! Actually I'm here because I have a book in which I'm struggling with a statement related with electron spin. If you allow me to ask then may I?
@ACuriousMind can you help me with this thing?
Or if anyone here?
 
@TejasDahake As the room description says: Don't ask about asking, just ask. If someone can and wants to help you, they will.
 
4:22 PM
Actually I'm struggling here with a line, it's written something like this "be remembered that the spin of an electron is some kind of property and is not actually spin."
What does this line actually mean, as far as i know that the spin of an electron is the rotation about its own axis
But here it's mentioned that it's not actually spin but it's some other kind of property?
 
the wording "spin is not actually spin" is very confusing and I would be surprised if that is an actual quote. Are you sure the text isn't saying that spin is not actually rotation?
 
Is there any way that I can share you that PDF?
Or i can show you the screenshot but i dont think if there is any way to share
 
the upload button to the right of the text box (on the desktop site, not there in the mobile version afaik) allows you to upload pictures to chat
 
Oh accept my gratitude....i just turned on the desktop site option on my mobile browser and now i can easy share that image thanks.
 
okay, that is confusingly worded
 
4:36 PM
Yes, I think you got that image, you can just read from which I've pointed the arrow till this end, you get that point there:)
 
they mean that while spin behaves like angular momentum, it is not actually related to literal classical rotation (the electron is a point particle, after all, it is not even clear what it would mean classically for it to spin around itself)
 
But even if it is a point particle then also it occupies some space that means it should have some radius and if such then it must have an axis of rotation around which it can spin
 
no
that's not how quantum physics works
the quantum electron doesn't have a radius
again, yes, spin is weird, and that's why the first question ever asked here is about that :P
 
Then how is this angular momentum defined for an electron? (I'm not talking about the revolution about the radius that makes sense)
 
it's just...there
 
4:44 PM
Oh sorry i mean about the nucleus
 
there is no explanation for what spin "is" in any more elementary terms - as far as we know it really is just an angular-momentum-like quantity that particles possess much like they possess mass or charge
 
Oh-oh okay i see, I can relate now
As a high school student it looks weird
By the way let me introduce myself I'm a high school student who is very much interested in physics.
And from now quantum physics as well:)
But how does it came to know that for an electron angular momentum exists?
 
Did you look at the question I linked? The top answer refers to the Stern-Gerlach expeiment at the end.
 
Yeah, i saw that thing
Just now
But do they really have this amount of sufficient angular momentum that they can produce such a great amount of magnetic field which was able to be detected in that experiment?
 
5:03 PM
@TejasDahake if you read the Wiki article on it, you should see it's not about detecting a magnetic field produced by spin
at least not directly
 
I thought that's how they detected that electron has angular momentum because as they bombarded the electrons through variable magnetic field, so because of that field to field interaction they just deflected from their path
 
sure, but the magnetic field from the electrons doesn't need to be big for that
because they're also very light, they're easy to deflect
 
5:22 PM
Yes, that must be the reason. Now the conclusion here i think is that the experiment was carried out just to confirm the presence of magnetic field (produced by that silver atom) which should be a consequence of electron possessing angular momentum.
 
there are other experiments like Einstein-de Haas that demonstrate that spin really is a kind of angular momenutm
 
Am i going right sir?
 
yes, the S-G experiment alone strictly speaking just demonstrates that electrons have a quantized magnetic dipole moment
also, please don't call me 'sir'
 
Although people call me a physics expert but in front of you I'm just nothing. it's my duty to call you 'sir' as you are helping me to increase my knowledge more precisely.
 
5:39 PM
I don't like honorifics, especially not when they're used for me. I know there are people who get angry if you don't show them the proper "respect" but you really don't need to call me 'sir'
we're all just people, and you're not "nothing" just because you might know less than I do.
(also I don't think I've done anything to indicate I'm male)
 
Haha but i think now you have :)
I don't know how to present my warm gratitude towards you, because these words means alot to me as a student.
Oh actually that was my mind that I just identified you as a male
Oh, I think there's a typing mistake in above chat i just noticed, I was about to say, i think now you have a new student
How are typing mistakes corrected here is there any thing that the chats can be corrected?
 
6:04 PM
@ACuriousMind good to know this is still happening
 
@ACuriousMind wait, are you not male?
 
@RyanUnger some things don't change :P
 
might sound dumb but now i'm starting to question whether i just assumed for some people here
 
depends on his avatar doesnt it
 
@SirCumference I am but it bothers me when people just assume it because I generally don't actively present as such online
 
6:08 PM
ah gotcha
 
the only time that doesn't happen is when my profile picture is very obviously female and then the assumptions tend to be bothersome in different ways :P
 
Are all of you scientists?
 
not really, no, I work as a software engineer
 
some of us are phd students, others programmers or chemists
we might have some postdocs here?
 
is math science
 
6:13 PM
sure
 
i guess not if it doesn't rely on the scientific method
 
whether it's a natural science is a matter of debate :P
 
there's no empirical evidence
ok, so it's a matter of definitions
 
i'd say it's a branch of logic
 
classic physicist approach
 
6:16 PM
I always wanted to be a physicist like you people, that's why I joined this community to stretch my brain till the extent it can be
 
well i'm 50/50 on just getting a master's and going into something programming related
 
@RyanUnger may be some other kind of scientist???
 
well idk what ACM would classify me as
an unnatural scientist
 
i guess anything that involves research/learning could be considered science
 
@RyanUnger you're a formal scientist
 
6:22 PM
@SirCumference haha, then this domain must also include subjects like english literature, history....
And stuff like that
 
well cooking does come up from time to time
 
at least history is a social science and does involve empirical arguments
literature typically exists somewhere between a study of art, social science and linguistics
 
@ACuriousMind what kind of subject you like the most by the way? (Excluding physics)
 
I suppose the pragmatic answer is math
but I don't really think about subjects in terms of a ranking like that since I'm not in school anymore :P
if stuff is interesting it doesn't really matter that much what subject you'd classify it under
 
@ACuriousMind everyone's mindset must be like you, world will tend to grow very fast as a consequence of this.
 
6:29 PM
what
the world grows fast as a consequence of people having kids :P
 
@ACuriousMind most of the reputed space organizations have only few people in their lab but still they are capable to touch the moon. Because those few people are like you, the brainists.
 
if you count all the people that actually produce the stuff that goes up to space that becomes a lot more people
 
That is what I'm trying to say, if this world will have people like you then we won't have to wait for year 2050 from now.
 
and I disagree with the idea that the main thing that impedes humanity's progress is a lack of smart people
the hard reality is that having smart people doesn't magically solve societal problems or somehow magically make resources available (where does all the stuff these "brainists" shoot into space come from?)
 
Then what must be the reason for lack of progress according to you?
 
6:38 PM
well, for one there has been astonishing technological progress in the last century
 
Perhaps, the abundance of not so smart people is what he meant :^)
 
realistically the only thing that distinguishes physicists from other people is that we like physics
 
so I don't really agree there's a lack of progress to begin with
 
it's not really a matter of brainy tbh. it's mostly just a matter of whether they have enough interest in the subject to put the time and effort into learning it
 
@ACuriousMind don't you think it's weird that in around past 10 year time lapse the world has grown very rapidly?
 
6:40 PM
@TejasDahake I have no idea what you mean
 
The internet makes it look that way.
 
@SirCumference but what does it mean I didn't understood what you said, then what's the main difference between physicists and physics lovers?
 
the former pursues it as a career i guess
 
coV has made politics grow very rapidly in the last 3 years.
 
@TejasDahake the typical "physics lover" hasn't spent years of their life studying physics as their main activity
@user4539917 what does that even mean, that "politics" has "grown"?
 
6:44 PM
In interest by the average person.
 
any references for that?
 
@TejasDahake when you get down to it though, anyone with enough interest can pick up some textbooks and get into the subject
 
The Ukrainian special operation.
 
@ACuriousMind if anything i think "intelligence" in the usual stereotypical sense can be a problem, in that it tends to make people devalue other kinds of intelligence (emotional/social/etc)
 
granted it's a lot of textbooks to catch up to the forefront of physics, but it's certainly doable
@Semiclassical honestly "intelligence" is such a broad term that it doesn't really have useful meaning imo
 
6:47 PM
yeah
 
@Semiclassical yes, there is a certain brand of "smart person" who tends to ignore or actively deny any problem that can't be solved with technology/science alone
 
"general intelligence" is BS
the main difference between physicists and physics enthusiasts to my brain is in the realm of class position, tho that's not quite the right word for it
it's not a matter of different brains but different circumstances/communities
 
I mean you can also be a physics enthusiast without wanting to put in the work to become an actual physicist
 
in my mind, a physicist tends to be a researcher while a physics lover is just someone with an interest in the topic
 
a somewhat reliable indicator, tho: smbc-comics.com/comic/2010-01-30
2
 
6:51 PM
'course the latter can still get very far into the topic, but they often tend to go for more general knowledge instead of specializing
 
@SirCumference @ACuriousMind @RyanUnger okay guys (don't know what to say other than the word 'guys' as you said i can't call you 'sir' but hey, anyways) so it's midnight here, and I guess it's time to go to bed for me by the way i enjoyed a lot here and also gained some true knowledge and if you people allow me then I can spend some time with you guys here everyday?
 
sure, this is just a place to hang out
where we sometimes talk about physics
 
@ACuriousMind the real danger imo is when people like that happen to end up having a lot of money
 
@SirCumference haha, that was nice one
 
someone with my level of wealth having those views? obnoxious. billionaires having those views? oooooof
 
6:57 PM
Thanks for dropping in @TejasDahake
:-)
 
@user4539917 goodnight friend!
 
cya pal
👋
 
Does anyone know why the QFT for a 1D Bose gas reduces to a QM problem with a delta function potential between particles?
As in why is a delta function potential a good analogue for a Bose gas?
 
7:26 PM
As in physically
 
7:47 PM
This answer (physics.stackexchange.com/q/382935) somewhat implies the same for $\phi^4$ but it's not clear why it physically should be the case
Seems kind of weird since multiple bosons should be able to occupy the same space
 
8:37 PM
do yall think non-linear learning is objectively better (for learning) than reading through a textbook sequentially
Though, perhaps it is a loaded question. Idk I find it hard to believe that unless 1) you already have enough background knowledge to skip certain section, or 2) the chapter contains disjoint concepts that do not depend on one another, then non-linear learning seems a bit questionable
 
 
1 hour later…
10:06 PM
@SillyGoose I don't think it is "objectively better", but learning how to skim a text without having to read it completely sequentially is a useful skill
sometimes it might be good for learning to just read ahead and only go back when stuff is unclear (that what indices + CTRL+F are for!), but it's also useful beyond that
e.g. when I try to understand a paper I usually read the introduction and the conclusion first and then look in the middle for interesting bits instead of reading it from front to back :P
this isn't always the most effective method, but it reduces the time spent reading parts I don't actually care about or that I already understand significantly
of course it's a bit different if you try to read a textbook, but I also find it rare that a textbook should contain completely new and worthwhile information on every page :P
 
The book of things you have never heard of, all in a volume (mine would be pretty big)
 
Lastly, often you can actually skip sections of books if you're willing to treat them as black boxes: The book might not need you to understand the entire section, it will just say "as we showed in chapter X" and as long as you're then willing to take the one claim that follows that on faith you can understand what follows just fine
this is also a useful skill: learning to accept and understand arguments without having to go down every possible rabbit hole of explanations to their bottom, that's a trap I see people falling into far too often
there's a place for that kind of deep analysis, but imo it should never be the during the first reading of a text
 
 
1 hour later…
11:41 PM
what is $c = \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mu_0 \epsilon_0}}$?
epsilon is permitivity constant i think? it's been a while
and how is this derived
 

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