'In 1946, Einstein, the Nobel Prize-winning physicist traveled to Lincoln University where he gave a speech in which he called racism “a disease of white people,” and added, “I do not intend to be quiet about it.”'
'While at Lincoln, Einstein also received an honorary degree and gave a lecture on relativity.'
They had cameras back then, imagine a full on course on relativity by him
'Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, the alma mater of Langston Hughes and Thurgood Marshall and the first school in America to grant college degrees to blacks'
He was even in the NAACP apparently, and ignored doctors orders for a surgery... https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/10/17/abert-einstein-facts_n_3987801.html
Because I last checked that negative energy or negative mass was a necessity, and anywhere from a Jupiter’s worth to 100 BILLION stars’ worth of the stuff.
We regularly get questions about wormholes on this site. See for example Negative Energy and Wormholes and How would you connect a destination to a wormhole from your starting point to travel through it?. Various wormhole solutions are known, of which my favourite is Matt Visser's wormhole becaus...
Random question: a bunch of posts on SE seem to have a space before punctuation marks where it makes no sense, e.g. before a period at the end of a sentence. This seems to be a pretty common structure here, but I can't recall having noticed it on any site other than SE. Is there a story behind it?
@FutureHistorian That's not negative energy. Alhough we formally often give potential energy a negative sign, that only means it's less than some reference not that it is actually a negative energy.
Not logged into the computer or anything, they’re just using it as a convenient desk (and thereby preventing anyone else from actually using that computer)
@FutureHistorian There could be wormhole fairies that we aren't aware of who can create wormholes by waving their wormhole wands. Doesn't seem terribly likely though ...
@JohnRennie Somewhere out there, a super-intelligent alien species who regards us like ants in an ant farm has just decided to create worm hole fairies with magic wands just to screw with us later.
@JohnRennie. Look. It is dubious as best, but it could be possible that we could see some means of negative energy being a thing (which I hope so, but I am dubious about), and depending on its properties, it could be possible to make some kind of wormhole, either for communication or travel, depending on the process, properties and implications for other fields of physics.
@EmilioPisanty That is a detail that I don't know. Indeed, I'm only conjecturing about the statement in the first place, but as a mod I am in a better place than most to make such guesses.
@FutureHistorian I suppose Clarke's first law applies, but luckily I'm neither elderly nor distinguished so I feel confident in saying wormholes are physically impossible.
@FutureHistorian In theory, it's not meaningful to predict that far ahead. It'd be like cavemen trying to predict whether cell phones would be possible. We're simply not qualified to guess.
@JohnRennie Why do you say that? As far as I know, anything we know on the topic is just conjectures upon conjectures. That could go both way. Not that I am hopeful or anything, but I don't see what makes you say that.
The strongest heuristic I know against wormhole is what happens when you try to put quantum systems being measured in a closed timelike curve, you get really weird conclusions.
Predictions about fundamentally possible/impossible phenomena rub me the wrong way; we're wayy too primitive to possibly guess stuff like that. The right questions would seem to be if current scientific models predict a manner in which hypothetical phenomena might be realized.
@G.Bergeron you're assuming we can create wormholes that cause our spacetime to be multiply connected. As far as I know there is no evidence that we can do that, even if we had access to the required exotic matter.
@G.Bergeron Not at all! I'm super-positive about the future and the possibilities. Just, it's silly for us to presume to have any sort of complete knowledge about the universe. Each answer brings new questions, and that trend'll likely continue for ages.
Right now the issues are not so much that we don’t have theory which describes nature so much as we don’t know how to combine our well-validated theories into a whole
If you’re in a scenario where you know what the Standard Model will give as empirical predictions, then I think we pretty much have no evidence against it
@EricSilva There's normal matter, which is what we normally think of and discuss. And then there's other kinds of matter, which are exotic by contrast. Then there are exotic dancers, which @JohnRennie thinks about and then gets others to think about. Then there's the hypothetical possibility that there may be a form of exotic matter composed of exotic dancers.
you can argue either way about whether it makes the case all by itself
pretty much no other site I've tested has any negatives
and when they do they are typically folks with a few (one to maybe three or four) moderately downvoted answers, and they get their rep from either a couple of HNQs or from of a big bunch of questions
@G.Bergeron the chat room used to be a very quiet place, so we organised fortnightly chat sessions to try and bring people in. These days we could talk the hind legs off a donkey so the fortnightly chat sessions have largely fallen out of use.
@G.Bergeron If you're up to it. SE.QuantumComputing could use the boost. I hope that it succeeds, though I dunno how wide a demographic it might reach given the topic.
I've just managed to recompile the Windows NT4 File manager to work on Windows 7, so it has been a great day? For some rather esoteric meanings of the word great :-)
@EmilioPisanty As a web admin, I'd be afraid of opening that up to the public... and especially afraid of somebody JOINing tables until my servers died!
@JohnRennie Hah wow, blast from the past! They got rid of File Manager after Windows 3.x, didn't they? I think it became File Explorer in Windows 4.x (Windows 95).
@JohnRennie I've never really used windows. I'm always clicking everywhere trying to find what I want when it does happen.
@JohnRennie My file management is akin to: '' Oh my cluttered desktop is getting too cluttered. Let's make a a new Stuff folder, drag and drop everything in it and.... tadaaaa! A brand new computer!''
@JohnRennie LOL, but seriously, you worked with those punch-card computers? My mother used to tell me it was hell when you dropped your pile of cards and hadn't numbered them...
Hah I went to a conference in celebration of the founder of a CAD company. One of the opening speakers talked about how they used to have cathode ray tubes (or something) in the early days of their company. About half-an-hour later, I realized that they were being serious.
Sorry to interrupt ... But , can anyone give me some link or PDF including mathematical problem regarding all tensile-bulk-shear stress or any of the two ?
I did go through some old pics lately and my girlfriend was commenting on how weird it was that I used to have a computer with such a weirdly large monitor, before they became all flat.
@Nat CRT - cathode ray tubes (those big screens), flyback transformers - a kind of transformer used in the flyback switching mode power supply topology en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flyback_transformer
Weird how fast stuff changes. Microsoft's recently announced that they're putting in neural-network models as a basic Windows feature in an upcoming update, so developers can use neural nets as a basic part of making apps.
@G.Bergeron Crazy useful, too. Back in optimizing engineering systems, we used to have to pick variants of Newton's method and whatnot. Now it's getting to the point that we're having AI perform the search on larger problems.
I mean, screw the Hessian; let a neural network find the search direction and step size and whatnot. But then, neural networks also need to be optimized, so then may as well neural network their training, too. Infinitely regressive, then turns into something weird in the end.
@0celo7 No, the canonical German name is Tom Vorlost Riddle (the middle name is different and rather absurd in most languages to make the anagram work in the respective language).
CX sigma* will be lower in energy compared to CH sigma* because of the polarisation (which makes the MOs overlap less good and hence the splitting will not be as pronounced as the CH case if I recall...)
Well, most of these in my 1st-2nd year org chem. Nowadays, I remember some of the main ones, but for some such as aromatics, I sometimes need to refresh my memory by looking them up
Oxidative addition and reductive elimination are two important and related classes of reactions in organometallic chemistry. Oxidative addition is a process that increases both the oxidation state and coordination number of a metal centre. Oxidative addition is often a step in catalytic cycles, in conjunction with its reverse reaction, reductive elimination.
== Role in transition metal chemistry ==
For transition metals, oxidative reaction results in the decrease in the dn to a configuration with fewer electrons, often 2e fewer. Oxidative addition is favored for metals that are (i) basic and/or...
For organometallics, we use the kinetic, spectral and thermodynamic data to determine what reactions occur in different steps, and it often involve a lot of transition state modelling
Well, for main group non coordination chemistry (like the above) some degree of arrow pushing is still possible. I don't remember the mech of that one on top of my head, but I will probably expect the NO2- to attack the N at the NH4+ and thus trigger the formation of N2 and then H2O.
@NehalSamee Working in non-inertial frames can be tricky. Can't you just write the height of the ball relative to ground as a function of time, and the height of the lift floor relative to the ground as a function of time, then set them equal?
Suppose the lift floor starts at ground level at time 0, then the height of the lift floor is just $\tfrac{1}{2}at^2$. If the ball starts at height $h$ above ground level with an initial velocity $v$ then the height of the ball is $h + vt -\tfrac{1}{2}gt^2$. Set the two heights equal and solve for $t$.
@NehalSamee acm is mine right now and i'm pretty sure literally anyone in this room knows enough to help you so you don't need to ping everyone for multiple opinions.
@JohnRennie ...Air temperature is 30°C and wet bulb temperature is 28°C ... If air temperature decreases 1°C suddenly , then what will be Change in Dew point ...? I have all the Glaishier factors ... I want a mathematical approach ...
@NehalSamee I have no idea, sorry. If it can wait until tomorrow morning I'm willing to Google it - at the moment I don't even know what a Glaishier factor is.
@eulB Well, there's a lot of mathematical angles in QFT. There's rigorous perturbation theory ("causal perturbation theory", Epstein-Glaser), there's mathematical gauge theory (instantons, Donaldson), there's TQFTs (Lurie's work), there's mathematical string theory (there's a 2-part book on St for mathematicians whose authors' names I continually forget), there's constructive field theory (Glimm/Jaffe), Ask @0celo7 for a completely different list of mathematical physics topics ;)
@eulB You don't know what mathematical physics is? Have you read the 32-page booklet published by IOP regarding the introduction of mathematical physics?
Mathematical physics refers to the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". It is a branch of applied mathematics, but deals with physical problems.
== Scope ==
There are several distinct branches of mathematical physics, and these roughly correspond to particular historical periods.
=== Classical mechanics ===
The rigoro...
@eulB The first time I touched the term mathematical physics is when I told my research advisor what I am interested in, and he said my interest is mathematical physics; that time I hesitated to admit because I think what I am really interested in is physics, not mathematics.
But gradually I perceive the subjects of physics I am greatly interested in all contain a lot of mathematics. Then I think probably those themes are the so-called mathematical physics.
@ACuriousMind sorry .. I didn't understand if you got my point ... Will acceleration be $g-a$ when lift moves up and $g+a$ when lift moves down , while ball is thrown up in both ...?
I'm the creator of these books. Firstly I should say it was not my intention to break any copyright or cause any ill feeling among contributors. When initially evaluating submitting the books to Amazon/Google/iTunes I checked the terms of the license and checked with Stack Overflow and believe I ...
> When initially evaluating [...] I checked the terms of the license
maybe he read the summary and missed the part where it said "This is a human-readable summary of (and not a substitute for) the license" and neglected to actually read the license?
@EmilioPisanty If his first paragraph had ended in "believed" rather than "believe," that would have been a pretty good mea culpa. We'll have to see what happens, though.
Nowadays are books still sellable? I see more and more bookstores in my surrounding are closed probably because more and more people prefer to find information from web rather than books.
And on thinking about it for a while I concluded that a careful curation could represent an added value that would justify the sort of price that you usually find on a paperback book.
Indeed, a careful curation would be a very good way to get around the oft-bemoaned feature that we have a bunch of incredibly high-value answers sitting in rather undiscoverable corners with criminally low scores.
@CaptainBohemian Lower readership apply downward pressure on the price, but it would simple result in papers going out of business if they still had the staffing costs that they used to carry.
Automation is what allows them to follow that pressure down.
@Slereah joking? theres a lot of cool connections betwen zeta fn and math physics (mostly qm) now, decades worth, active area of research, have collected a bunch of links :)
In a circle there's infinite amount of degrees (eg. 0 deg, 0.00000000000...1 deg etc.) In a ground school we are thought that there's 360 degrees in a circle.
A landscape behind my window is incoherent light source, so it randomly emits photons with all polarization directions.
When I put a pol...
@EmilioPisanty Finally found time to listen to that and I should clarify. They staffing costs I was talking about were the ones in the bowels of the building, rather than the reporting staff.
The printing costs used to be a very big part of the pie.
You can pool reporting cost in the sense of overseas operations, but the actual reporting is their core value and the cost that can't be cut while staying in business.