\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.17}
\begin{document}
\pgfplotstableread[col sep=comma, header=false]{
a, 1, blue
b, 2, cyan
c, 3,
d, 3,
e, 5, red
f, 6,
g, 7,
h, 8,
i, 9,
j, 10,
k, 11,
}\mydata
\pgfplotstablegetrowsof{\mydata}
\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\RowsNo}{\pgfplotsretval-1}
Actual:
\pgfplotsinvokeforeach{0,...,\RowsNo}{%%
\pgfplotstablegetelem{#1}{[index] 2}\of{\mydata}
\pgfplotsretval,
%\colorlet{barcolor#1}{\pgfplotsretval}
}%%
Target:
blue, cyan, cyan, cyan, red, red, red, red, red, red, red,