\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture, overlay]
\node[opacity=0.1] at (current page.center) {\includegraphics[height=\paperheight]{example-grid-100x100bp}};
\end{tikzpicture}
\Huge TEST
\end{document}