13. The fourfold caste has been created by Me
according to the distribution of energies and actions;
though I am the author thereof, know Me as
non-agent and immutable.
The four castes (van.'as, lit., colours) have been created by
Me, Isvara, according to the distribution of energies (gunas)
and of actions. The energies are Sattva (goodness). Rajas
(foulness, activity), and Tamas (darkness). The actions of a
brahmawa ( priest ), in whom Sattva predominates, are
serenity, self-restraint, austerity, &c., (xviii. 42). The actions