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15:00
44447744 is divisible by 512
so the answer is 444447744
= 512 x 868062
@Hiro do you understand
@teadawg1337 do you have a better method?
by the way, finally we have a number theory question :D
@DHMO No, that's the method I used
@teadawg1337 nice
why did you add 4 when a number is divisible, what i mean is: so 7744 is divisible by 32, and then u said we have XXXX47744<-- why add a 4 to each one of them?
the extension theorem:
either of the below holds, then it is divisible by 2^(n+1):
1. the last n digits is divisible by 2^n but not by 2^(n+1), and the (n+1)th digit is odd
2. the last n digits is divisible by 2^(n+1), and the (n+1)th digit is even
we know that 112 is divisible by 8 because 12 is divisible by 4 but not by 8, and 1 is odd
@Hiro ok?
oh i understand, but what if it also said: how many k-digit lovely numbers are divisible by 512 for each k?
15:10
after 9 digits
i.e. 444447744
it doesn't really matter, because we only care about the last 9 digits
so basically 2^(k-9) if k>=9
and 4447744 is still divisible by 512, meaning 1 when k=8 and 1 when k=7
for smaller values of k, it would be 0
so it doesn't work for digits below 9?
for digits below 9 you just remove one digit each time until it is no longer divisible by 512, just like what i did above
and what does 2^(k-9) exactly represent? so if I had 10, that means I have 2 lovely 10-digit numbers divisible by 10?
yes
namely 4444447744 and 7444447744
so now in this case, it can be either 4 or 7 since it doesn't matter right?
15:14
yes
but how can u find the number of k-digit lovely numbers divisible by 512? Isn't it infinite?
because only the last 9 digits matter
and we have proved that the last 9 digits must be 444447744
so the other digits you can freely choose between 4 and 7
(which is not free at all but whatever)
each digit you have two choice
you have k-9 free digits
so you have 2^(k-9) choices
ohh, I thought we had to actually find a value, I didn't know we can represent it in terms of an expression lol
well unfortunately it depends on k
yeah i know, but the question just wanted a general expression i guess
since k can be any value greater than or equal to 9, then we can't really find the number of k-digit lovely numbers divisible by 512 unless we're given k, correct?
15:18
@DHMO What's more stable, Sn^2+ or Sn^4+? The former I suppose, because the compounds it form are less polarized, aka, more ionic?
yes
but we can express it as a general formula
@BalarkaSen the question is misleading...
alright, awesome i get it, thanks @DHMO
usually it is accompanied by an anion
@Hiro you are welcome
and you have to account for the lattice energy of crystallization as well
15:19
@DHMO It's not in this case.
so it is in gas phase?
you can rarely isolate Sn^4+ ion
it feels strange to be asked by my teacher lol
if it is isolated, Sn^2+ -> Sn^4+ is always endothermic
ionization is always endothermic
@BalarkaSen then why do you mention compounds?
@DHMO I suppose. The question is exactly what I said though, and I interpreted it as saying the diatomic compounds they form are more stable in the first case.
@BalarkaSen Sn^2+ and Sn^4+ do not form diatomic compounds.... in my memory at least
Chemistry? What's going on!
do you have any context? @BalarkaSen
15:24
SnCl2, SnCl4. Diatomic in the sense of consisting of atoms of exactly two specific elements.
No, I just have this question, no context at all.
They are crystals...
Why should that mean it's not a compound?
I didn't imply that
Then why's what you said relevant?
because if they are crystals then their stability depends greatly on the geometry
but it turns out SnCl4 (anhydrous) is less of a cyrstal
but it is still quite a crystal
15:27
Oh, I mean, sure. But even if Sn_x(blah)_y is not a crystal you can just tell how much stable it is (relatively) by Fajan's rule.
sure
Hello @Semiclassical
too many numbers in the chat history
@BalarkaSen right, so your initial deduction is already correct?
> The former I suppose, because the compounds it form are less polarized, aka, more ionic?
15:30
Excellent, thanks. I just wondered if it was something simple they wanted as an answer, like Sn^2+ --> Sn^4+ being endothermic as you said.
"endomorphic" too much topology
oh. where are you in physics now? @BalarkaSen
oops lol
@BalarkaSen that would be when the ions are isolated, i.e. gas phase
@DHMO Good point
15:32
A have another number theory question @DHMO, I think we discussed it a few days ago, but here it is: Fix k >= 2 a positive integer. Find the number of positive integers less than b^3 which are divisible by b+1 and do not contain any even digits in their base b representation..
I have*
@Semiclassical Random stuff. It's most been redoing the previous things because exams are coming and I want an equilibrium between math and other school stuff.
Gotcha.
Did you ever do that ice problem I mentioned?
That's the last thing I remember us discussing.
@Hiro as i said a few days ago, you can always plug in b=10 if you get stuck visualizing it
now, let's try to count the 2 digit numbers first
i meant k^3 which are divisible by k+1 by the way
less than k^3*
I know
15:33
Are questions about integrals considered "out of style" nowadays?
@DHMO hi
@teadawg1337 Depends who you ask.
I want help in math,can I ask?
Just ask, don't ask to ask.
^
@Hiro can you do that?
15:35
so you mean the numbers less than 1000 and divisible by 11?
no
b=10, not k
count the 2-digit numbers divisible by k+1
@Semiclassical b=k here
how can I count that without knowing the value of k?
15:36
simple: by listing
so let's say k=2
not sure why you're saying 2-digit, though. k^3=b^3=1000.
@Semiclassical nobody said k=10 here
that's two-digit numbers less than 8, divisible by 3 and have no even digits right?
15:37
you sorta did earlier, when you said to consider that case :/
I want help in 24th question
@Hiro just list them out in base-k notation
what do you mean?
@Ramanujan If the point of intersection is equidistant from the two axes, what does that tell you about its coordinates (x,y)?
@Semiclassical yes?
15:38
@Hiro e.g. k+1 is the first one
why is the first one k+1 @DHMO?
@Ramanujan but it is in the 4th quadrant
So Y is (-y)
@Hiro because it is the first multiple of k+1 and its representation in base-k is exactly 11
15:40
right. so $x=y<0$
@Semiclassical no, $x+y=0$
...yeah, you're right, fourth quadrant.
Then?
@Ramanujan substitute x=-y
I need to find point of intersection right?
15:41
why is its representatiin in base k exactly 11?
well, now you've got a relation between $x$ and $y$. use that to eliminate one of these from your other equations
@DHMO similar to what is given as hint
@Hiro because 11(k) = 1*k^1 + 1*k^0 = k+1
I was actually trying to find point of intersection then applying in x=y coordinate
but we are not
15:42
eh, you could do that. but it's a lot more work. @Ramanujan
far simpler just to use $x=-y$ immediately.
This hint is even more simpler
Is that a hint or the answer?
I was stuck after finding point of intersection and at equating
Hint
15:44
That's a bizarre hint.
Oh wait, 24.
Sure, that's simple enough.
@DHMO, why did you represent 11(k) using base 1?
@Semiclassical why so?is it damaging any math laws?
@Hiro no i didn't
That's really all they did; the only difference is that they wrote $x=-y=k$.
let's revise the basics of base notation
please convert 120(3) to decimal
15:46
I got confused initially and thought that 25 was the answer. That didn't make a lot of sense.
@Semiclassical they…yes and then substitute in equation
I guess I'm not seeing where you're confused.
120(3)= 1*3^2 + 2*3^1 + 0*3^0?
all they did was write the first equation as $c=-4ax-2ay=-4a(k)-2a(-k)=-2ak$
and similarly for the second equation.
@Semiclassical wouldn't taking point of intersection and applying conditions don't give answer? I got c and in equation so I was not able to eliminate
15:47
^@DHmO
@Hiro wonderful, now expand 11(k)
The final answer includes $c,d$. Why would you want to eliminate them?
Another question
oh 11(k)= 1*k^1 +1*k^0
15:49
@Hiro bingo
when i say 11(k) i thought you meant 11 as a function of k lol, didn't know u meant base k
you said*
my fault
In this problem iam not getting what base of side means
alright so 11(k) is k+1, but why did we pick 11?
@Ramanujan the distance from (the mid point of the base) to (the side of the traingle)
15:49
The side of triangle?!?
@Hiro because it is the first multiple of k+1
To what point?
@Ramanujan a traingle has three sides
in an isosceles triangle, the two equal sides are called the "sides"
and the other side is called the "base"
Side has infinite points
the shortest distance
when we say the distance from a point to a line, we mean the shortest distance
15:51
if 11 is the first multiple of k+1, wouldn't that mean k=10?
@Hiro we are in base k here
11_(k) is precisely k+1
Sorry,back in 20 minutes(father is calling for dinner)
why didn't we pick 10_(k) for exmple?
example*
because 10_(k) = k is not a multiple of k+1
(except when k = -2 but whatever)
One piece of test-taking strategy: If you pick specific values for $p,q$ then the form of the answers is such that they'll all be different. So if you can find a pair of $p,q$ giving a simple answer, then you'll know which answer must be correct.
15:52
oh so a number is divisible by k+1 if the value we get from representing in base k will give us a multiple?
yes because the number exists without the representation
in the present case, p=q=1 is the most obvious and natural one.
representing a number differently does not change its properties
okay i understand
I have class, now ill ttyl but thanks for the help
have fun
16:09
hi all
@DHMO hi
hi
@DHMO then in that case shortest distance will be P
I don't think so
Nope.
Take a simple case, e.g. P=Q=1.
16:11
and draw it out
But it's given length of base is 2P
Ok,drawing
Distance will be CD?
no
Then?
that's not the shortest distance from C to the segment AD
Ok,wait,i will figure out myself
16:17
i am very tired
._.
@Null everyone is tired
Ok,iam not getting😅
well, imagine picking a point F on the segment AD, and drawing the segment FC. is this segment going to be longer or shorter than CD?
shorter
Yep. Is there a choice of F for which that segment FC would be as small as possible?
16:22
It should make 90° with AD
What is a non principal ideal of Q[x^{1/(2^i)]? where i ranges over all naturals?
Right-o.
@FTem the use of "i" is very confusing
And -that- is what is meant by the distance from C to AD.
I mean all of the even roots
@DHMO I thought it would just be the ideal generated by all of them
16:23
namely, it's the length of the shortest possible line segment between C and a point on AD.
@Semiclassical I got that before only,i am not getting next
I tried using similarity,but not getting so
Okay. My point is that the phrase 'the distance from the midpoint of the base to the side of the triangle' means precisely the length of this segment FC.
Now, in the present case of p=q=1, things get simpler. Looking at the diagram, I see that the relevant right triangle is 45-45-90
since q=|AC|=p=|CD|=1
Why? assuming?
16:26
it's not an assumption in this one specific case.
If I picked p,q other than this, it wouldn't be 45-45-90.
Ok,to make it simpler,then?
Right.
And since I picked p=q=1, I can say for certain that the right triangle ACD is 45-45-90.
Based on that, I can actually eyeball where F has to be.
Mmkay
Let me try that
So F is midpoint of AD?
@Semiclassical I think your approach is completely unnecessary
16:32
Wouldn't be true in general, but it is true here.
just saying
we'll see.
we'll see.
based on that, what's |FC|?
So distance is {√p^2 + q^2}/2
16:34
okay. so what's that give?
So distance is 1/√2
@BalarkaSen hi my teacher and student... it feels strange lol
2
Who said I am either?
But it's not option
16:35
i certainly do not have the qualifications to be your teacer
I said
so that's the answer in the case of p=q=1.
So in general?
@Ramanujan Are you sure? Plug p=q=1 into the four answers provided.
I am just a random guy from the internet. I think you know more chemistry than me, so I asked you stuff.
@Semiclassical thanks alot
In my book it gave me one hint
16:37
@BalarkaSen my definition of "teacher" certainly differs from your definition of "teacher"
I want to understand that method too
np. note that, in doing it this way, we got to the answer by checking a specific case and seeing that only one of the answers could reproduce that.
this wouldn't work if two answers gave the same (correct) answer for that special case.
Yes,happens slot in mathematical induction
(all the answers give 0 when q=0, for instance, so that's a useless case)
16:39
Now, you could also do this problem for general p,q. For that, you'd want to use the characterization of F you gave earlier, i.e. F is chosen so that AFD is a right triangle.
:/
That's remarkably unhelpful.
Why so?
@Ramanujan May I ask about the name of this book?
Well, that really doesn't tell you anything you didn't know already.
I mean, one can presumably give an answer by analytic geometry alone. but it hardly seems like the best approach.
If I were to do so, though, I'd start by noting that the line connecting the points A,C (in their notation) is given by $x/p+y/q=1$.
16:42
To get the point of closest approach, we take this line, rotate it by 90 degrees, and require that it go through the origin.
@Ramanujan thanks..
this amounts to $x/q-y/p=0$
Think about how stupid the average person is. And then realize that half of them are even more stupid than this.
@Semiclassical 90° ?!?
16:44
Yup.
This is a strange definition, considering the context. A surface of resolution need not be an embedded surface. Like, take $C$ to be the curve $(x - 1/2)^2 + z^2 = 1$ and rotate it around the $z$-axis. That has two singularities.
In which direction?
Doesn't matter. A line rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise looks the same as one rotated clockwise.
anyways, you'd now want the intersection of the lines x/q-y/p=0 and x/p+y/q=1
and that gives (x,y)=(p q^2/(p^2+q^2),p^2 q/(p^2+q^2))
the distance of that point from the origin is then readily computed to be q*p/sqrt(p^2+q^2), which is the same as the answer we got in the p=q=1 case.
@Semiclassical how you made that equation?
by remembering analytic geometry, essentially
if I've got an equation ax+by=c
then a line that's perpendicular to that will be of the form bx-ay=d
and for it to go through the origin, we need d=0.
16:49
C=0
Constant will be 0 and in this case constant is c
?
i didn't make any assumption regarding the intercepts of the initial line. in fact, the case at hand has c=1.
if you want a line through the points (p,0) and (q,0) you'd better have c not be 0.
since if c=0 then the line would pass through origin. the 90 degree line does that, but not the first one.
okay, gotta go
Ok,i got all now
@DHMO one last problem
sure
16:54
@Ramanujan could you draw a diagram?
that is unncessary
I was using this formula but I stucked
how?
16:59
Means?first substituting proper coefficients in formula,then substituting m_1 + m_2 and m_1m_2
@Ramanujan I would like to know what you did
Ok
Then?
then let me check
not sure if the third row of the matrix should be 0 1 -1 or 0 1 -a
17:07
Oh,let me do again
the -a is still inside the square
so it should be a^2 instead
do you know sum and product of roots?
then i believe you can solve it
I included product of roots in last step
What about m_1 - m_2?
well, (a-b)^2 = (a+b)^2 - 4ab
17:12
Ok,so we can write in terms of sum and products!
Actually that concept is for next year:D of sum and products of roots
i see
So i need to do squaring and rooting?
yes
Iam getting -2(a+1) in denominator @DHMO
then something is wrong
17:24
oh, my fault
then it is either 1 or 3
Does anyone know how the abelian group given as $\mathbb{Z} / n$ is defined?
@Alex it is defined by an equivalence relation a~b iff a-b in nZ
it's probably shorthand for $\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}$ which is what DHMO said
@Alessandro as @BalarkaSen it is valid notation
17:29
@Alex It is the group of cosets of $n\Bbb Z$. That is, it is the group with underlying set $\{a + n\Bbb Z : a \in \Bbb Z\}$, with addition defined as $(a + n\Bbb Z) + (b +n\Bbb Z) = (a + b) + n\Bbb Z$.
@DHMO not yours fault
Often we represent $a + n\Bbb Z$ by $\overline{a}$ and take $a$ to be between $0$ and $n-1$. Then this is just the integers mod n.
I think it should include ∣mod∣
@DHMO thanks for help
you are welcome
17:35
@Fargle Thanks. This might be a stupid question, you say that $\mathbb{Z}/ n \mathbb{Z}$ is the group of cosets of $n \mathbb{Z}$. How is $n \mathbb{Z}$ defined?
Can someone help me proving why $x^2+xy+y^2=2^n$ hasn't any solutions for $x,y,n>0$ and whole?
@Alex It is the set of all $kn$ for $k \in \Bbb Z$. Put more succinctly, it is the set of all multiples of $n$.
For example, let's consider $\Bbb Z/2\Bbb Z$. $2\Bbb Z$ is the set of all even numbers, and $1 + 2\Bbb Z$ is the set of all odd numbers.
@Fargle I understand thanks.
@Alex Awesome.
@DanielCortild yay another number theory question
notice that the left hand side is even only when x and y are both even
17:40
@DHMO Acctualy now you're here, can you please help me with another problem?
just ask
i will help if i want to
The problem is: Prove that there is an infinity of $a$'s satisfying this property: $a\vert (x+y)^5-x^5-y^5\Leftrightarrow a\vert(x+y)^7-x^7-y^7$ for all $(x,y)$
I know that the only solutions for $a$ are the one who can be writen as $2^n$...
i have no idea
and i have to go now
bye
Ok... Bye
@AhmedAmir can I know why you want book name?

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