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4:01 PM
You can still check the leaderboard and your own hats at winterbash2016.stackexchange.com
 
@KajHansen hi
 
Hey there
 
@Semiclassical are you german?
 
no that is not what i meant
 
Let
$$f(t,x)$$
such that $\lim_{(t,x)\rightarrow (0,0)}f(t,x)=f(0,0)$
and $$\int_0^1 f(0,0)dt=4f(0,0)$$
Then $$\int_0^1f(x,t)dt$$ is discontinous at $(0,0)$
 
4:04 PM
Nah. American.
 
In my old analysis scripts I found lots of lemmas of the form:
 
Issue is, is there such explicit f(t,x) for the job?
 
which in our situation says the integral is continuous if some restriction is applied to f
unfortunately its in german
(and hte situation is more general in that they are considering unbounded sets on which the functions are defined)
conditions (i) and (ii) are the ones we are demanding, whereas (iii) says there exists an integrable $h(t)$ larger than $|f(x,t)|$ for all $t$.
 
Given my lack of analysis talent, I think I'll go Wittgenstein: "Wovon man nicht sprechen kann, darüber muss man schweigen."
 
Kind of wish more people would abide by that quote.
 
4:11 PM
The internet seems founded on utter disdain for that principle, doesn't it.
 
(Previous one has error) Let
$f(t,x)$
such that there is a cusp at $(1,0)$ and $\lim_{t\rightarrow 0}f(t,0)=f(0,0)=0$
and $\int_0^1 f(t,0)dt=f'(t,0)|_{t=1}$
Then $\int_0^1f(t,x)dt$ is discontinuous at $(1,0)$
 
Btw somebody has given an answer to the question, but it is not precisely the situation we are intersted in: math.stackexchange.com/questions/2090411/…
 
That's one interesting valley for the function $\frac{1}{|x|}t^{\frac{1}{x|}}$
so if one is a little bit off from x=0, then one get a nonzero integral
 
@Secret are you looking at continuous functions on $[0,1]\times[0,1]$? If you do that you will find the integral will always be continuous
Thats the reason why we are looking at $(0,1)\times(0,1)$, so neither $0$ or $1$ are in the domain
 
@Secret that graph is somehow uncanny
 
4:22 PM
@s.harp nah I am kinda studying the discussion about your question, because having a jump like integral discontinuity will suggest the function will have very interesting geoemetry at that point
and it is something I never heard before
Replace x with x-1/2, and you have negative bits popping up
 
4:35 PM
Is there a simple example of a non $T_4$ subspace of a $T_4$ space?
 
(My question has been answered now, the previous answer was actually good enough) it turns out that there do exist continuous functions on $(0,1)^2$ so that the integral over one component results in a discontinuous function
 
I got simialr L shaped valleys when playing around with this function: $\left(\left|x-1\right|^{\left|x-1\right|}-1\right)y\sqrt{x+1}$
 
@Secret are you missing some terms? That function is a product of two functions and thus doesn't have any behaviour different from a function on $\mathbb R$
 
Ah I mislabelled, one of these should be t
(Desmos does not allow putting t, thus I put y whenever there is y to test). This one is kina hard to integrate, though, thus I am not sure if the graph agrees with the maths
In this case, y will be your t
 
If you are looking at just $y\cdot f(x)$ then the parameter $y$ will just give the amplitude of the how big $f$ is weighted, but it will always look like $f$, so you are not really gaining anything by looking at it as a function $\Bbb R^2\to \Bbb R$ as opposed to the function $f:\Bbb R\to\Bbb R$
 
4:48 PM
is $(\sum_{k=1}^{n} a_k)^2$ the cauchy product of $\sum_{k=1}^{n} a_k$ with itself?
 
I tried to use just the f(t,x) and use the geometry of the function to guess what I would get for $\int_0^1f(t,x)dt$ for some $x$. The answer in your question suggest functiosn that exhibit the behaviour you want will have those L shaped valleys
Of course, (if time) I can then use that to guide the actual math proofs on whether the function satisfy the required property
Or maybe I misunderstood, my brain is currently in knots now...
 
its a bit complicated visually what the example he gave is doing
 
Hmm how about this one? $|t|^{|x|}-1$...
yeah, his has an L shaped valley, that's how it can result in the discontinuity in the integral along t
 
@Secret this has integral $1/(|x|+1) -1$ , which for $x\to0$ goes to $0$ which is hte integral of $x=0$ so its continuous
 
right...
 
4:58 PM
(sorry I would like to continue discussing and also draw some pictures of my own... but I really have to get back to correcting these execise sheets :P)
 
sure, let me know if you later find any interesting geometry about these functions
 
Wikipedia has a highly detailed page on robot control
2
 
LOL
 
Greetings, @Kaj, DogAteMy.
 
look at the history, the change from 12 april to 11 april
 
5:05 PM
Hey there
 
heellooo
 
Hi @Ali
 
Hi Ted
 
Hi @Danu
 
5:08 PM
Do you know any complex manifolds with multiple Kaehler structures?
 
hi @Alessandro
 
Well, @Danu, there are plenty of complex manifolds (even algebraic ones) with distinct complex (or algebraic) structures, even with tori. Or you can take a fixed manifold (say $\Bbb P^1$) and embed it in $\Bbb P^n$ in lots of different (non-isometric) ways (even different $n$) and look at the induced Kähler structures.
 
@TedShifrin What is an isomorphism in the category of Kaehler manifolds, anyways?
Isometric, biholomorphic map?
 
Certainly it needs to pull Kähler class back to Kähler class?
 
5:11 PM
Biholomorphic symplectomorphism?
 
symplectomorphism is my favourite word
 
I have the impression that Kaehler is a 2-out-of-3 type thing, where two compatible structures automatically yields the third. That's right, isn't it?
 
biholomorphic for sure ... I suppose you can say symplectomorphism for pulling back Kähler ... I was saying cohomology class as opposed to actual form, but ...
 
@s.harp Now that I'm typing lectures on symplectic geometry, it's a bit annoying. Too long...
 
That's why god invented macros.
\sy = symplectomorphism
 
5:13 PM
you could call it syphism
 
syphilis
 
all though that might be too reminiscent of syphilis
 
lel
 
What is the reason for symplectic nomenclature?
 
macros, guys, macros
 
5:13 PM
That's a funny story, Ali
 
rolls 6 of 9 eyes
 
It used to be "complex", coined by Weyl
 
oh thats confusing
 
But then complex turned out to be more used for... well... complex stuff
 
figures Balarka would show up the moment I roll some number of eyes
 
5:13 PM
So Weyl invented a new name.
I will produce proof: One sec
From Weyl's book on the classical groups:
 
@Balarka: You wanna answer this?
 
 
@TedShifrin I show up when you prepare for a smack.
 
Also LOL at Dickson proposing Abelian :D
 
@KajHansen hi
 
5:15 PM
Another overloaded term...
 
abelian linear group sucks pretty bad as a name
 
@TedShifrin I haven't actually come upon that terminology. Does it mean that the S-W classes are the ones pulled back from the taut. bundles over the infinite Grassmannians?
 
Re terminology and what Danu's talking about, see this MO post.
 
LOL, my attempt for googling stuff on "wolf space" failed miserably :)
 
so an "Abelian linear group" would not be the same as an "abelian linear group"
 
5:17 PM
(i.e., S-W classes of the "universal bundle")
 
@s.harp Capitalize or bust
@BalarkaSen Yeah
 
small abel is commutative
 
Don't M-S use this terminology?
@s.harp No.
 
Ok.
 
Big Abelian or bust :P
 
5:17 PM
like the abel prize is the one you get for using public transport xD
 
It's what I'd assumed, @Balarka, but I yield to you and Mike, et al.
 
Do we also use "Abelian" as an Ersatz for commutative?
 
I feel too lazy to answer.
Maybe Danu would want to
 
@s.harp: Yes, an abelian group (or grape) is a commutative one.
 
@Danu I chickened out of M-S after a few chapters... :)
 
5:19 PM
@s.harp Yes. Abelian group.
@BalarkaSen Fair enough. It's pretty hellish.
 
but not abelian rings
 
@TedShifrin I meant that somehow I have int hte back of my head that it is not capitalised if one is talking just about the commutative property
 
I got so lucky having to do my talks about sections 4,9 lol
5-8 are terrible.
 
I believe you.
 
@s.harp It should always be capitalized in order to maximize clarity
 
5:20 PM
You should teach me about those chapters at some point.
Ok, gotta get dinner.
 
M-S is not a great book.
But it's serviceable.
 
I can't think of a single person name in mathematics that is not capitalised
 
Those not in the know might end up searching for the meaning if you don't capitalize it. Capitalizing immediately shows it's derived from someone's name.
@BalarkaSen I really shouldn't.
 
I think noetherian is usually not capitalized ?
 
The guys doing those talks didn't put in too much effort.
 
5:21 PM
I think formally Noetherian is capitalised
just nobody bothers after a while
 
@Danu Which is why you carefully learned it, yeah?
 
or they just whip out the acc and don't bother with it at all
 
@MikeMiller Confirmed.
 
It's indeed capitalised
 
Where are you guys getting stuck on that book?
 
5:22 PM
I know it refers to Emmy Noether, but I have no idea when such derivative adjectives should be capitalised and when not...
 
Classes start today, @MikeM?
 
ac dc
acc dcc
notherian artinian
 
@MikeMiller What do you mean? We're still going through it... We'll do complex vector bundles soon. Then we're switching to do some Chern-Weil theory.
 
@TedShifrin Yes, but I'm busy and not going to them today.
OK.
 
I think we're switching to a German book by Helga Baum (called Eichtheorie)
 
5:25 PM
@Danu is it good? And what kind of gauge theory is it? Physical or mathematical
 
Math
I don't know how it is.
 
always a good question to ask
 
Danu pronounces that his renouncement of physics prolongs.
 
@Mike which question, whether or not it is good or if it is physics or math? :)
 
the latter
I want to go back to sleep.
 
5:27 PM
rain makes you sleep?
 
Getting up at 5am makes me sleep.
 
I've been doing that because I'm still on eastern time.
 
Europe is being frozen by Russia's weather
 
why do you get up at 5 am?
 
I wanted to be on campus at 7 today.
Maybe every MWF.
 
5:31 PM
Ah ... so virtuous.
 
Facebook me.
 
hi chat
 
G'day @Semiclassic
 
I got the "counterexamples in topology" book from the library and now my brain hurts
 
somebody verified over 3 pages that multiplications of quaterions is associative
i feel compelled to write a comment "was it worth it" at the bottom :/
 
5:36 PM
I used to have that book, @Alessandro. I recall there were a few mistakes in it. There's actually someone in the US who made an interactive webpage with that stuff.
But it's good for your brain to hurt :D
 
@s.harp It's linear, so you just need to verify it on the basis vectors, and the unit quaternions form a group.
So...
 
@Mike the exercise was to show unit quaterions form a group, I told them to say associativity is inherited from $\Bbb H$
 
I just wanted to see a $T_4$ non metrizable space but there are so many weird things in it
 
@Alessandro: I was thinking of a different page, but I found this one, apparently assembled by one of my former students at UGA.
 
hello everyone
how do I go about learning LaTeX?
 
5:42 PM
Thanks @Ted, that seems great! I'll check it out when I return home from a computer
 
Also, there are a bunch of links on the wiki page.
learning to do MathJax or to typeset a serious article, @GFauxPas?
 
latter, I already know MathJax
 
I'm sure there are on-line resources, but I bought a few books I rather like. Do you want recommendations?
 
I tried once but it was rather intimidating
sure
 
A Guide to LaTeX, Kopka & Daly ... The LaTeX Companion, Goossens, Mittelbach, Samarin.
Those were my standby references in typesetting 4 books.
 
5:44 PM
it's accessible?
 
Well, reasonably so ...
 
imo the best way to learn how to TeX is not to work through a book but to write documents and learn on the fly
 
Interestingly, there are a few flaws with LaTeX ... a few formatting commands (for lists, for example) which don't work the way they're supposed to. I figured that out by fiddling.
 
I'll take "reasonably so"
yes s.harp but I don't even know how to start
 
What kind of thing are you trying to do, @GFauxPas?
 
5:46 PM
be prepared to write research papers
or, to start small
to write homework assignments as latex documents rather than dragging and dropping pictures into office
 
Start by typesetting a homework assignment or two, although that has its own formatting issues.
I cannot abide Microsoft Word.
 
I use OpenOffice personally unless I'm using a school computer with Word already
because money
 
I can send you a template to play with, like the document I used to write exams, @GFauxPas.
OpenOffice seems more than fine.
 
ultimately I want to be able to use R's functionality to convert stuff into latex-renderable format
 
But R is basically uglier than most mathy things ...
 
5:49 PM
can I show you an assignment I wrote as an example of what I want to do?
 
An interesting task is to write a journal with latex, where you just write the content of one entry in a file, give the file a name following some schema and then compile it all together in a master file
 
why do you say that
 
you just need to save in postscript form and use the graphicx package and '\includegraphics'
 
R graphs are pretty
 
well, to each his own opinion ... can you save the output in .eps format?
You can also do pdflatex and save graphics in .pdf form.
 
5:50 PM
not pretty?
 
Not really, sorry.
Why not use TikZ? ;)
 
:(
R has Tikz
what would you make prettier about the graph?
 
I'm more interested in the sorts of things I did for differential geometry. Mathematica also has real-time animation which is great for teaching.
 
Also, is that font different from the TeX font?
 
yes
Mathematica is expensive
 
5:53 PM
Depending on where you go to grad school, the university may have cheaper access.
 
depending on your morals too
 
No morals involved in my access :)
 
does mathematica have a Tikz thing?
 
I have no idea.
 
What about that R graph can I make prettier?
I mean
what would make it look better in Maple or Mathematica
 
5:54 PM
The labels on the left don't look good
 
I can change everything about it
also I forgot to change the labels to be in polar form, its now a mixture of rectangular and polar
 
@GFauxPas: If you look at my differential geometry text, you'll see the kinds of pictures I wanted to draw.
 
It is not clear what the circles are good for
 
Thanks for the share @Ali. Inverse Galois theory fascinates me
 
@Kaj: That was the topic of Sybilla Beckmann's Ph.D. thesis.
 
5:56 PM
it's meant to be next to this imgur.com/a/jY20W
 
Ah, I never had the chance to meet Kazez @Ted :(
 
The titles are not nice either
 
what should they be instead
 
Well, there were two, @Kaj :)
 
Either of them, LOL
 
5:57 PM
I'd suggest [Grid] [arrow with f above it] [image]
 
a lot of it is my inexperience in graphic presentation, I can change everything about these things but I don't know what is the besty way to do it
 
But you might find her thesis on her webpage (or a reference for it).
 
Thanks!
 
yes I can do that, I'm just working on the actual graph first
the titles, labels, and what goes in between the graphs comes later. I meant the image itself
 
Something like this:
 
5:59 PM
I can do that
 
Keep in mind that this is all just my opinion
 
I'm focusing on the graph itself, not the titles and labels and axes, I can change all those
 
What constitutes random starring @DHMO ? I will typically star anything that makes me laugh IRL (that's not a ton if I'm sitting on my comp alone)
 
what do you think about the graph itself?
 
That looks like vector bundles
Better go hide
 
6:00 PM
I think havinga box around it is a bad idea
@SteamyRoot I was just showing it as an example of what kind of pictures I make
 
I can remove the box easily
but I dont want to learn how to create things that people don't like
 
@GFauxPas thats the only thing worth learning
 
I'm talking about the images in the center of the graph, the actual contours
 
I think you can remove all the labels on the radial things except maybe 1,-1
the rest should probably be clear
 
how do the contours look
 
6:02 PM
Am I the only one here with anxiety, ADHD, and depression?
 
what do you mean by contours
 
the colored lines
they are contours
 
i wish I knew you could have all those things wrong with you and still be successful in mathematics.
 
@JessyCat Is this the right place to discuss these matters?
 
@Danu I suppose noe. Sorry.
 
6:03 PM
@JessyCat Atleast i think that any1 can become good at anything if they spend some time doing it.
 
@s.harp is that a joke?
 
@TedShifrin When Hirzebruch writes "projective covariant tangent bundle"... Does that mean "projectivization of tangent bundle"?
 
@GFauxPas Whether learning how to do things that people don't like is good or not? Yes a joke, but obviously its not the most important thing in the world that everybody thinks what you are doing is the correct way
 
Or maybe cotangent bundle, since vectors are contravariant (w.r.t. changes-of-coordinates)?
 
one of those
 
6:05 PM
anyway ted what were the books again please?
 
But which? I need to know the difference :P
 
it's just that whatever language I use other people say there's a better one, and I look at their languages and I think "I can do that in my language", whether it's Maple or R or something else
 
I'm trying to parse what he writes here.
In particular, the second paragraph of the second page.
@GFauxPas My philosophy is that everything that you TeX should be done inside TeX :)
So I do everything "internally"
 
but TeX cant do things like Monte Carlo and matrix equations. Can it?
 
Do you mean typeset them?
 
6:08 PM
Matrix Equations? What do you mean?
 
or do you mean simulate them?
 
^
 
TeX is not for producing data
 
indeed
 
right, I know, so I dont know what you mean by doing it inside LaTeX
I'm graphing contours, telling R "do this transformation on them", and seeing what comes out
 
6:09 PM
You don't seem to be importing data.
 
thats what those images are
 
So the way I feel that shoudl be done is: Figure out the transformation for yourself and draw it in TeX.
Again, feel free to disagree.
 
assuming it has a closed form at all
 
It's a picture
 
Let's say I start with a grid
 
6:10 PM
You can make R show you what it looks like and then draw that
 
and I want to see what happens if I apply the transformation $z \mapsto e^{-z^2}$
I don't know what it's going to look like
lets see
 
I disagree with @Danu. I am happy to import Mathematica and Illustrator .eps figures into my LaTeX (and books) !!
 
:(
 
Anyhow, I have errands to run. Back later.
 
imgur.com/a/xIuOl obviously needs to be cleaned up
but how would you plot that in LaTeX? can you? I dunno
 
6:14 PM
That'd be pretty tricky to draw. But it can be done (there are some graph drawing libraries for TikZ, though I never use them).
 
anyway
 
Gnuplot also
 
wait Ted what are the books again
 
but you need to spend time learning how to do it properly
 
that you recommend for LaTeX
 
6:15 PM
scroll up
 
(which can also be done in to TeX---GNUplot)
 
I just don't see what's wrong with the images I just generated, I can change everything about them, color, labels, scale, axes, borders
 
I use python (matplotlib) to make .pdf figures and just import those in tex
Or just use tikz directly if it's something not too difficult
 
is there a way to see only Ted's messages
R has a thing that converts its code to Tikz code
 
Yeah, it does.
 
6:17 PM
I scrolled up and I cant find Ted's messgae with the books
 
Just make sure to save that to a separate tex file, so that you don't have to compile all the time
 
ctrl f I guess
okay found them
anyway, I just dont see anything else other languages can graph that R cant do if I just change the code
granted R is at its core numeric and symbolic manipulation should be left to Maple or Mathematica, I agree
I guess I just have to set on my own path , because no matter what I do some people will like it and some wont
and one of my professors writes his publications using graphs in R and he taught R in his classes and that's what I know
 
It's not a bad idea to explore other options, though.
 
I plan on learning Python
I used Maple for a while but its interface seems rather clunky and dated
it can do cool stuff though
I used it for matrix algebra
solve $\begin{bmatrix} \sin t & t^2 \\ \sqrt{t} &\frac 1 t \end{bmatrix}$ $\mathbf v=\mathbf 0$
uch whatever
there we go
 
Test ${$}$
$a$b$
${$
$}$Test${$
${$}}{{$}$
 
6:35 PM
how to prove that $\sum_{n}^{\infty}\frac{(-1)^n}{\sqrt{n}}$ converges without telescope?
 
Alternating series test?
 
@Null Pen and paper*?
 
mmh, is there an argument that observes the terms?
 
Pretty sure if $a_n$ is positive, decreasing, and goes to zero then $\sum(-1)^na_n$ converges
 
Yeah
 
6:37 PM
that's correct and not hard to prove
 
@AkivaWeinberger that's like 90% of the work hehe
 
is there a fast way to find the smallest solution to $x^2+n=y^2$, $x,y\in\mathbb{N_{>0}}$ other than bashing?
 
If $n$ is odd this is quite easy I think
Hmm
Nevermind
 
I'm interested in this for computing $\pi$, of all things
 
Change to $(y-x)(x+y)=n$, factor $n$?
 
6:46 PM
Is factor $n$ fast?
 
@AkivaWeinberger I think this is equally bashy
I found a nice way of finding Machin-like formulas. $\arctan\left(\frac{1}{17}\right)=\arctan\left(\frac{1}{27}\right)+\arctan\left(‌​\frac{1}{46}\right)$
 

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