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10:00 AM
But my default reading could easily be overridden by the context.
 
I posted an answer anyway, but now that you've said that I'm rereading the sentence more carefully.
 
Anonymous
@JohnClifford Comment answers are especially popular on EL&U, as I'm sure you've noticed. Some prominent users like John Lawler use comments that way, and I think other users follow their example.
 
Anonymous
In John Lawler's case, it's not so much an issue because his contributions are generally very high quality.
 
I try not to when I can avoid it, but I have noticed some well-known users doing so.
I was chewed out on ELL for doing it, not EL&U.
 
Anonymous
It's a bigger issue when the comments contain errors because it's difficult to work them out in comments. (Comments are not intended to be used for discussion, even though we do use them that way sometimes.)
 
Anonymous
10:02 AM
@JohnClifford Well, I apologize for my tone :-)
 
You weren't the one who chewed me out. :P
 
Anonymous
Oh, I thought you were referring to my comment from the other day.
 
No no, not at all.
I can't even remember what you said.
 
Anonymous
I probably said the comments above contain errors. Something non-useful like that.
 
Ohh, right.
Yes.
Nah, someone (can't remember username) said that I shouldn't post answers as comments because they're harder to moderate, and that even if I wasn't sure I was right I should have posted as an answer so it could be properly up/downvoted.
 
Anonymous
10:05 AM
I try to make a habit of leaving comments that explain how exactly I disagree, but sometimes I can't figure out how to do it without writing something answer length.
 
@JohnClifford Me?
 
It wasn't you.
 
@Snail.
 
Anonymous
We'll get to the bottom of this yet, @IͶΔ!
 
Let me see if I can dig back in my ELL history and find out who it was.
 
10:06 AM
Gets to the bottom of this
 
Anonymous
Sounds like a dance move.
 
Sadly there are very few users who do care.
People's apathy makes me apathetic.
 
Anonymous
Lately my comments haven't been as useful since I haven't put as much time into them.
 
ELL couldn't have stood if it weren't for a handful of folks such as Stoney, Snail, J.R. and the twilight king, and someone I possibly missed.
 
Catija.
It's actually in the same question where snail said there were errors in the answercomments.
 
10:11 AM
Well, she's an awesome contributor, so are Nathan, Jasper and others.
 
Anonymous
Sorry, I was grumpy that day. I'll try to make an effort to post comments that more directly address what I disagree with.
 
But those I said up there are The Furious Five.
 
Oh, nice. One of my ELL answers has 61 upvotes now.
 
Anonymous
Yay!
 
Or Fantastic Four.
They devoted themselves to ELL @John. Literally
 
Anonymous
10:12 AM
That's the power of Hot Network Questions.
 
And I literally don't misuse literally a lot.
 
I recognise all of their names, so I can't disagree. :)
 
Also Tyler James Young, Arau and F.E. Awesome users. Not as much contribution as the Snail-Damking-Stoney-J.R.
 
Anonymous
This is my top answer on ELL:
 
Anonymous
63
A: What's the difference between "center" and "centre"?

snailboatOriginally, everyone spelled it centre, but because of Noah Webster's spelling reforms, people in the US started spelling it center, particularly in the last century. Although the revised spelling center has been adopted internationally to varying extents, centre is still more popular in most re...

 
10:15 AM
We get a staggering number of preposition questions on EL&U, especially when it comes to "in" vs "on".
That's another one just been posted.
 
@IͶΔ I've posted only a relatively small number of answers.
 
Oh wow, I'm catching up with snailboat's top answer? :D
feels accomplished
 
@JohnClifford Yay! :D
1
Q: Pronunciation of s in "is he/is him"

GyonderI would like some clarification on the pronunciation of "s" in "is he/is her/is his" In the question "Where is he?" you pronounce s as "s" (not "z" sound) and h is silent. So is it pronounced "wherisi?" ? Does the same goes for "Where is her sister" or "Who is his friend"? Or does it depend on ...

Hmm... "wherisi?" -- In what dialect?
 
Anonymous
raises one eyebrow
 
I was looking at that one too.
 
10:22 AM
It sounds like the OP quotes some book or some web page, I think.
 
Who pronounces those S's without a 'z' sound?
 
Anonymous
I put together a sampling from a couple audio corpora of different American English speakers saying Where is he?
 
10:33 AM
Yay! -- downloading it...
 
Anonymous
You can download it from the URL above and decide for yourself if it's pronounced like the OP says.
 
From the PDF:
intelligibility: easy to understand, speaks clearly. Some sounds are ‘nonstandard’.
Eg. /z/ in ‘less’ [1:57] and /s/ in ‘has’ [2:08] but this does not interfere with intelligibility.
 
Anonymous
Yay, Araucaria posted an answer :-)
 
Yay! -- looking...
@snailboat I think in those examples, though some have no clear vibration of the voiced /z/ in is (probably just because of the quality of the recording), all show strong hints of the less constriction than a typical /s/ sound.
 
10:58 AM
I bet pronunciation questions are much better off with that audio thingy Snail mentioned.
 
@IͶΔ It could be very difficult for most learners who can't hear sounds in English very well.
 
Anonymous
@IͶΔ I generally recommend the Longman Pronunciation Dictionary, but it can be difficult for people to learn what's normal or possible in connected speech.
 
Anonymous
I'm glad we have users who can do a good job of teaching it, even if we don't have very many of them.
 
1
Q: Is this sentence grammatical?

Ruchir MIn a blog, I read the following sentence: The two men Savchenko, an Iraq war veteran, was convicted of helping to kill were Anton Voloshin and Igor Kornelyuk. I can only understand that it says something about two men Anton Voloshin and Igor Kornelyuk, but I feel that the sentence looks w...

That first sentence makes my teeth hurt.
-1
Q: Pronunciation of way and weigh

giòIs there any difference between the pronunciation of these two words? way weigh and wait weight ? Howjsay pronunces them the same, how can you differentiate between them?

Incidentally I've always wanted to respond with "Are you calling me fat?" after a waiter says "Sorry for your wait."
4
 
LOL
 
Anonymous
11:13 AM
@JohnClifford I think I'd find it easier to parse if they added that.
 
Anonymous
But it's still not very good.
 
Today it's festival of colour in India :-)
 
@snailboat At the very least it's arguably a bit of a garden-path sentence as your internal parser initially reads that as "an Iraq war veteran called 'the two men Savchenko'". :P
 
Anonymous
Whey and Waite!
 
My spelling chequer tells me strait a weigh if a mist ache is maid.
 
Anonymous
11:16 AM
@JohnClifford They put a brick wall in the middle of the wrong path, and I ran right into it :-(
 
Anonymous
If I had that, I think I'd be able to parse it without my brain tripping over itself.
 
Yeah, I agree.
"The Iraq war veteran named 'The two men Savchenko' was convicted of assisting in the murder of two people named 'were Anton Voloshin' and 'Igor Kornelyuk'."
 
Anonymous
That's a very interesting name.
 
He used to be Anton Voloshin but was then bitten by a lycanthrope.
 
Anonymous
Is a were-Anton Voloshin like a werewolf?
 
Anonymous
11:19 AM
Oh, beat me to it!
 
:D
I'm tempted to post an answer to it but my parser wants me to stay as far away from that sentence as I can get.
Araucaria to the rescue!
 
2
Q: Need a proverb for a poor man who struggles for better life

LailaI need a proverb for a person who is poor in his native place and migrates to another country for better living, but there too, he still remains poor. So how can we call that person in proverb. In my own view, "a have not is a have not everywhere".

I was going to suggest Once a poor, stay a poor, but there are too many answers and comments from non-native speakers already.
 
Anonymous
A poor sounds strange to me.
 
Actually, a failure came first to my mind, but it's not as close to the OP's thought as a poor, I think.
Also, some people really use "Once a poor, stay a poor".
 
Anonymous
I searched Google for that string and got zero matches.
 
11:32 AM
Hah!
It's the only thing (besides those in CowperKettle's answer) that got some exact matches for me.
 
Anonymous
I don't think people generally say things like a poor.
 
A poor man, perhaps.
 
Anonymous
Sure. That.
 
Poor isn't really used as a noun by native speakers.
 
Oh, sorry! I meant "always a poor"!
 
11:33 AM
You could say pauper, though.
 
"Once a poor, always a poor"
 
Once a pauper, always a pauper.
(it's a noun meaning "a very poor person")
 
Anonymous
Ah, once a poor, always a poor got some Google results. Not many, though, and not very high quality.
 
@JohnClifford Humans are all once a pooper, always a pooper. Makes you wonder.
 
Anonymous
The pauper one sounds better :-)
 
11:34 AM
Haha.
 
Anonymous
We sometimes talk about the rich or the poor, but this is a special use of adjectives and there is no corresponding use with a.
 
Anonymous
So when you say a poor, one of two things is going on:
 
Anonymous
Either ① you've just turned poor into a noun, or ② you forgot to say the next word! :-)
 
They're group nouns, though. And yeah, you can't use the indefinite article that way. :)
 
Anonymous
The listener has to either ask themselves "a poor what?" or interpret poor as a conversion to noun, but that's not well-established in the language.
 
Anonymous
11:37 AM
Well, they're adjectives.
 
Adjectives used as nouns, but yes.
 
Anonymous
Adjectives used as adjectives.
 
I know, but is grammar that rigid?
Then again, I think the familiarity prevails.
 
"The rich don't know what true suffering is."
I'd say "the rich" is the subject of that sentence, and that it's being used as a generic group noun. ;)
 
I still think a poor in this case is fine, personally. But I know it's just me, and I'm not a native speaker.
(Not a poor in any other sentence.)
 
Anonymous
11:40 AM
Seems ungrammatical to me.
 
And saying Once a poor man, always a poor man is not as succinct, imo.
 
Anonymous
Oh! That sounds good.
 
Anonymous
@JohnClifford Adjectives can't be used as nouns. You can derive a noun from an adjective, but then it's no longer an adjective.
 
Anonymous
So if it's being used as a noun, it's a noun.
 
Anonymous
The analysis of words like this as adjectives goes back to Jespersen.
 
Anonymous
11:44 AM
Geoffrey Pullum points out that they were analyzed as adjectives even by Henry Sweet in 1898.
 
Anonymous
But why?
 
Anonymous
In CGEL's analysis, the rich is indeed a noun phrase, but rich is a fused modifier-head.
 
Anonymous
So there is no noun as head.
 
Okay, what you said. :P
 
Anonymous
This use of adjectives isn't particularly productive, so if you wanted to argue that we had a fixed set of derived nouns in the lexicon, I suppose that could work, but
 
Anonymous
11:47 AM
What about superlatives and definite comparatives?
 
Anonymous
> I went up that skyscraper in Boston, but [the tallest] is in Chicago.
 
Anonymous
(CGEL p.416)
 
Anonymous
You can do this with most adjectives.
 
I'm sure some people would explain that with ellipsis.
 
Anonymous
Which would keep them as adjectives, right?
 
11:49 AM
Yes
 
Anonymous
Same thing with the good in The good die young.
 
Anonymous
If you use ellipsis for one, why not the other?
 
Anonymous
Ellipsis-based explanations often work where CGEL uses functional fusion.
 
Anonymous
If it's ellipsis, then they seem to be adjectives doing what adjectives do.
 
@DamkerngT. Including me
 
Anonymous
11:51 AM
Sure, and I think that's a reasonable approach.
 
@IͶΔ nods -- I think it's probably the most natural way to explain it.
 
BBL
 
Anonymous
I think it makes more sense than saying tallest is an adjective used as a noun, personally.
 
Anonymous
Of course, I never think "Class1 used as a Class2" is the right explanation.
 
Anonymous
11:54 AM
It is a popular explanation on ELL, though.
 
Probably on EL&U, too, but I haven't looked.
 
Anonymous
Probably :-)
 
(For me, EL&U is a good resource for (short) essay writing examples. :-)
 
Anonymous
I occasionally collect English sentences from SE.
 
Anonymous
In general, though, I collect a lot more Japanese sentences (paragraphs, etc.).
 
11:57 AM
Japanese is to you as English is to me, I think! :D
 
Anonymous
I have a very large collection of linguistically interesting Japanese utterances! :-)
 
Hmm... come to think of it, finding word boundaries in Japanese could be tricky too, though it may not be as tricky as in Thai.
 
Anonymous
@DamkerngT. My thought of the day: why is it 全戦全敗 but 百戦百勝?
 
Anonymous
Lit. "all battles, all lost" but "hundred battles, hundred victories"
 
I'm sure 百戦百勝 is influenced by the Chinese saying.
I can't think of anything equivalent to 全戦全敗 in Chinese sayings.
 
12:02 PM
Sorry guys, got a bit of a high-priority issue at work and I need to close all my distractions. I'll be back later!
 
See you later!
 
Anonymous
Later!
 
Oh, oh! Maybe 全戦全敗 is from a verse nearby in the Art of War!
> การชนะร้อยทั้งร้อยมิใช่วิธีการอันประเสริฐแท้ แต่ชนะโดยไม่ต้องรบเลย จึ่งถือว่าเป็นวิธีอันวิเศษยิ่ง
หากรู้เขารู้เรา แม้นรบกันตั้งร้อยครั้งก็ไม่มีอันตรายอันใด
ถ้าไม่รู้เขา แต่รู้เพียงตัวเรา แพ้ชนะย่อมก้ำกึ่งอยู่
หากไม่รู้ในตัวเขาตัวเราเสียเลย ก็ต้องปราชัยทุกครั้งที่มีการยุทธนั้นแล
I don't know if I can find that part in Chinese on the web.
Ah, I have to run an errand. See you in half an hour!
 
Anonymous
 
Anonymous
See you!
 
Anonymous
12:09 PM
@DamkerngT. This is usually a good site, but I can't find them here: 4ji.za-yu.com
 
Anonymous
It usually tells you where they're from in the classics.
 
Anonymous
Though it's possible they don't go back that far.
 
Anonymous
The earliest citation for 百戦百勝 in 日本国語大辞典 is 1591.
 
IGarden path sentences. How interesting!!!
 
Anonymous
Hi, @V.V. :-)
 
Anonymous
12:11 PM
Language log has a bunch of posts about garden path sentences.
 
Hi, Snailboat!
Coline Fine mentioned them in his comment. I never heard the term .
 
Anonymous
 
@snailboat, how's that fluffy she-hamster I liked?
 
12:31 PM
@snailboat It looks like it's this verse: 故曰:知彼知己,百戰不殆;不知彼而知己,一勝一負;不知彼,不知己,每戰必敗。
I guess
百戰不殆 → 百戦百勝
每戰必敗 → 全戦全敗
 
(╯°□°)╯︵ ┻━┻
 
:D
2
Q: Is "The two men Savchenko, an Iraq war veteran, was convicted of helping to kill were . . . " grammatical?

Ruchir MIn a blog, I read the following sentence: The two men Savchenko, an Iraq war veteran, was convicted of helping to kill were Anton Voloshin and Igor Kornelyuk. I can only understand that it says something about two men Anton Voloshin and Igor Kornelyuk, but I feel that the sentence looks w...

A much better title! Thanks, my dear editor!
 
(づ。◕‿‿◕。)づ
 
> The two men Savchenko, an Iraq war veteran, was convicted of helping to kill were Anton Voloshin and Igor Kornelyuk.
Even though it's just a blog post, I'd say quoting the two men part would help.
 
I'm inclined to go write on meta.ELL "let's flip a table 'cause we don't know how to write a title".
 
12:42 PM
Hmm... why didn't the blockquoting work?
@IͶΔ LOL
> The 'two men' Savchenko, an Iraq war veteran, was convicted of helping to kill were Anton Voloshin and Igor Kornelyuk.
^That would be much easier to read.
Oh, no! I misread the sentence!
It's good as is.
Inserting that or who(m) would be helpful.
> The two men that/who(m) Savchenko, an Iraq war veteran, was convicted of helping to kill were Anton Voloshin and Igor Kornelyuk.
 
Also that "was convicted of helping to kill" confuses some learners I reckon.
 
nods
Note to self: file the 'Savchenko' sentence above under "when should we keep or omit 'that'?"
 
1:04 PM
But I didn't want to undo my vote!
(I think my mouse fired two clicks consecutively without my consent!)
 
1:29 PM
0
Q: "crimes against humanity during the 1992-95 war"

bart-lebyThe amnesia about the continent’s capacity for slaughter will be broken in The Hague on Thursday, where judgment will be passed on Radovan Karadžić for charges of genocide and crimes against humanity during the 1992-95 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. I am not sure how to read aloud the date with...

I'd read it like stangdon too.
Now, the question is whether reading it as nineteen-ninety-two-ninety-five is wrong.
(It sounds wrong to me.)
 
Poking around
 
Ouch!
 
@Dam bot >> cookie
 
[cookies; lots of cookies of all sorts]
:D
 
yay! munch munch munch
@Dam why you have a sleeping cat here?
 
1:35 PM
A sleeping cat?
 
I think he's a stray cat, wandered off from the Tavern.
 
Oh, it's fine. I like cats anyway. :D
 
Haha!
@bjb568 You got mentioned!
 
Can I try and wake him? Or better not scare him away? ;)
Oh. You did already. :D
 
1:37 PM
:D
 
@Dam so you know @bjb?
 
He speaks sometimes. :D
 
Really?? Wow.
Well, in the Tavern he's posting random cat animations, as expected. What is he doing here? ;)
 
Sometimes he talks about language.
 
Language? So boring!! :P
 
1:40 PM
Aww... language is fun, in my robotic opinion.
 
@DamkerngT. can language be called "immortal"? Or is it just for living beings? :)
 
Before we begin, I believe that we should establish what language is first. Also, what is immortal? And what is a living being? Can a language be considered a living being? Does the fact that a language can be "dead" mean that it can be alive as well? And so on. ;-)
 
Head explodes
 
Putting the exploded pieces back together...
Injecting the Lazarus elixir to the head...
Applying 11 Gigawatts electricity for 42 milliseconds...
Crossing fingers...
@ShadowWizard You're alive!
 
1:59 PM
17
Q: What does 'the Twelfth' mean in Article 7 of the US Constitution?

LePressentimentI first encountered the sentences below on p 121, The Words We Live By: Your Annotated Guide to the Constitution (2004; but the newest edition dates at 2015) by Linda Monk JD. Please note that I wrote the numerals as integers to ease reading. [ Source: ] The Ratification of the Conventions o...

Hmm... the capitalization in the source is curious. Was it OCRed?
> Done in Convention by the Unanimous Consent of the States present the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and Eighty seven and of the Independence of the United States of America the Twelfth In witness whereof We have hereunto subscribed our Names,
I wonder if it's "In witness"or "In Witness", but it seems like "In witness" is common on reputable websites.
 
2:20 PM
17
A: We seldom had the ____________ to get out for an evening in town

AzadAccording to the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, permission is an uncountable noun. It is not used with 'a', and is not usually used with 'the' unless it is followed by 'of' e.g., Permission was granted to televise the ceremony. Interviews can be taped only with the permissio...

Umm... what? +17?
 
Shadow Wizard restarted after death
 
@ShadowWizard You're immortal now!
 
@DamkerngT. no no, what you did was creating a Shadow Golem. Not the smartest move, unless this room is made of a really strong material! :D
 
Aww...
 
Is it always so quiet here, @Dam?
 
2:28 PM
Sometimes.
 
Well, same in Den. Guess it can't be avoided. :)
You think people are actually working? D:
 
Huh, @IͶΔ gone from here too. Closed all the tabs??
 
2:43 PM
He'll be back when he's back. ;-)
 
@DamkerngT. ¡Hola!
 
Hola!
 
@DamkerngT. or front. :D
 
2:56 PM
@DamkerngT. Are you having party? :)
 
@Student Not sure. Are we? :-)
 
Have you started it? :D It takes two to tango, eh? :)
 
Tango? That could be not as pleasant as having a party. :-)
 
I've still been searching for "Mrs. Must" :D
 
And what happens when there are three, @Stu? :D
 
3:01 PM
@Student We discussed it a couple days ago. Have you read it in the transcript?
@ShadowWizard Three is a good company!
 
Yes, @DamkerngT. It was yesterday.
 
@DamkerngT. but how such a dance is called? :)
 
Either it will be three stooges or musketeers, we'll have to wait and see!
 
"It takes two to tango, three to ___"?
Should I post a new question on the site? ;)
 
@ShadowWizard Three to Mambo :D
 
3:03 PM
lol
 
What question do you have @ShadowWizard?
 
2 mins ago, by Shadow Wizard
"It takes two to tango, three to ___"?
 
"It takes two to tango, three to ___"?
"Mambo" lol
"tangle" :)
mambo sounds nicer to my ear, though :D tango - mambo :)
Bye all! @DamkerngT. @ShadowWizard and all who can read me.
 
See you around!
 
"It takes two to tango, three to a tangle"? :) See you all soon!
 
3:13 PM
lol, cya!
 
Fame at last. 'Nicked' here = 'purloined' / 'snaffled' / 'pinched'.... Sense 4.1 in the AHDEL list shown (though not attributed) above. The connotation is that I will not pass off A's comment as my own (hence the colloquial, quirky 'nicked' rather than 'stolen'), but, recognising it as a well-crafted close-vote comment, will re-use it (with proper attribution) when I feel it fits. Sadly, close-vote comments are often needed on ELU. Giving a quoted version adds a semblance of authority to the vote, and perhaps deflects some of the flak such votes can on occasion attract. / I've got lots. — Edwin Ashworth 19 hours ago
:D
 
3:31 PM
@Student Three to do a scientific research
@ShadowWizard Wow what the heck
People miss me?
@Dam
 
free halpful flag dis whey: ell.stackexchange.com/questions/85382
 
Ugh!
 
3:48 PM
trying to shoot @IͶΔ and miss
@IͶΔ yes! :D
 
Is @IͶΔ shoots grammatical? :P
 
No
Master INA shoots
 
4:33 PM
It seems like whenever we have to put more than three words together, we use a space or a hyphen. For example, "mother-of-pearl" or "daughter-in-law". I can't think of any compound nouns built from more than two words, where all of them are "real" words - that is, "gamesmanship" doesn't quite count, because "-ship" is just a suffix, not a standalone noun. — stangdon 10 mins ago
How 'bout those rent-a-car thingies? :-)
Speaking of long words...
Word of the Day: hippopotomonstrosesquipedaliophobia
 
5:04 PM
1
Q: The issue with contruction : make + noun

MarekIs there any avalaible list of nouns related with "make" where "make" doesn't mean "make" in the sentence. e.g. I have made the plane . / I managed to catch the plane.

I'd argue that no matter how make is used, it always means "make".
(How couldn't it be?!)
 
Haha. That's really strange, I mean what OP asked about "make". Let me go to the link n read :-)
What else does "make plane" mean?
 
5:19 PM
It looks like the OP maps "make" to their first language and wants to gather other "peripheral" meanings of it.
I'm not sure if it's useful or not useful. I mean, maybe it is, maybe it's not.
I personally wouldn't do that, though.
(E.g., how 'bout other simple words like be, do, have, get?)
 
5:53 PM
I think the extra comma in your last example sentence makes the sentence ungrammatical. — Damkerng T. 5 hours ago
I think so too.
Bobry Vecher, @V.V.!
Good evening, @DamkerngT. and y'all
 
Dobry!
 
Ha! So you can answer faster! (0:
 
Good evening!
 
Good evening!
 
I'm a bit concerned about the quality of our recent answers.
 
5:57 PM
"Our" as in yours, mine and VV's?
(0:
 
I might have a different opinion from others, but I think our answers this year are not as good as last year.
I meant us as in the whole site. :-)
Good thing that Araucaria came back to the site recently.
 
nods
Maybe it's the fate of all unsupervised social knowledge sites to deteriorate with time.
It took me a while to realize that you seem to try to generalize the sentence pattern of a general fact of a thing. Though your pattern is valid (apart from playing hockeys, which should have been playing hockey), it's not the only possible pattern. For example, Water is important (water is uncountable); The tiger hunts by night and preys on a variety of animals, including deer, wild hog, and peafowl (a fact about the whole species). — Damkerng T. Mar 18 at 9:48
We've a special tag for such questions!
I've added it.
 
Oh, we do?!
A-ha! Yay!
 
@CowperKettle I think one possible factor is the HNQ effect kicks in more often than before.
(I'm not saying that all of our new answers are bad, BTW!)
 
 
2 hours later…
8:13 PM
@Lekon please always use correct punctuation and capitalization on the main site. Thanks
 
From my newest meta.chem post CC @Dam @Sha
 
 
1 hour later…
10:16 PM
Is the clause correct ? Taking aspirin might make that your cold will last longer.
 
Anonymous
No, make takes a bare infinitival clause. Taking aspirin might make your cold last longer.
 
By taking aspirin might that make your cold last longer?
 
Some research shows
 
Indeed it does.
 
By Dr. Elaine Ramsey
But , it is English textbook SPECTRUM
 

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