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vzn
vzn
00:21
@NeuroFuzzy interesting, this is known to correlate with a "critical point" in the satisfiability problem... (or a region of any other NP complete problem) ... lots of papers/ visualizations on that en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean_satisfiability_problem
@NeuroFuzzy What exactly does "self-similarity" mean in the context of the Ising model? My conception of the Ising model is a lattice of spins, how can a discrete lattice be "self-similar"? Are you talking about its continuum limit?
@ACuriousMind I'm not very comfortable with the true continuum limit, but basically, yeah. Imagine each black/white cell to be a short wavelength cutoff. If you zoom out by a factor of two, and increase the cutoff (ie, if every grid cell now contains four scaled grid cells, you turn the larger grid cell black or white depending on how many sub-cells are black or white), the resulting distribution has exactly the same statistical properties as before.
<=> the critical temperature is a fixed point of the renormalization group
@NeuroFuzzy I see
So your problem is that "zooming out" has a well defined algorithm (what happens when you have two black, two white cells inside one larger cell?) but "zooming in" doesn't? (because you don't know whether to turn all, three, or two of the subcells the color of the larger cell?)
@NeuroFuzzy Ah, so you're just stating the fact that the continuum limit is a conformal field theory in obscure language ;)
@ACuriousMind Hahaha the obscure language is all I know!
@ACuriousMind well, my problem isn't physics. I would like a perfectly looping zooming (in or out) video that looks the same at all length scales. That was easy to make for a random walk, doable to fake it for a self-avoiding random walk, and... I can't come up with any ideas on how to fake it for the Ising model.
00:37
Hey guys, want to quick check whether the following proof that the inverse map of a monotonic map must be monotone:
Let $S$ be a set. Given a map $f$ is monotone means the image $f(S)$ is a partially ordered set. The inverse map is the bijective map defined to be $f^{-1}$ such that $f^{-1} \circ f = f \circ f^{-1}=\textrm{id}$. Therefore $(f^{-1} \circ f)(S)=S$. Now for all elements $a,b\in S$, monotonicity means if $f(a)\geq f(b)$, then either $a \geq b$ or $a \leq b$. Therefore $S$ is also a partially ordered set. Thus $f^{-1}$ must also be monotone
@NeuroFuzzy Yeah, I got that this isn't about the physics - but what you are after is an algorithm to compute how the "zooming in" looks, right?
Do I account for all possible maps $f$ here, or there still exists potentially pathological maps $f$ that are not covered by the proof above?
@ACuriousMind in a computationally feasible way! I want beautiful, 1080p video.
@Secret You are severely lacking in stating what your objects are. Between which two sets is $f$ a map? Should $S$ not be partially ordered to begin with (it sounds as if you conclude that from $f$ being monotone, but "monotone" doesn't make any sense if there's no order on the target)?
(I stopped reading after the first two sentences because it was completely unclear what is going on)
@NeuroFuzzy You want to compute this in real time? oO Or are you okay with waiting a few hours for a frame to render? :P
@ACuriousMind Few hours a frame! But I guess I should just hurry up and implement something.
00:43
Clarification: The two sets where $f$ is a map is the set $S$ and the set $A=f(S)=\textrm{image}(f)$. Because $f$ is monotone, its image $A$ must be a poset
How do I turn [a, b, c, d] into [a, ab, abc, abcd] in a computer program?
@NeuroFuzzy So...my naive approach would be that you know the distribution of zero/one/two/three/four black cells inside the larger cells and "zooming in" is just generating calls according to that as soon as you've zoomed in enough so that one cell is displayed as four pixels or larger.
If that made any sense
I am actually not sure whether it is always possible to go from an unordered set to a poset via a monotone map. I only know geometrically it is impossible for functions of one variable, but I need a stronger proof that generalise to the abstract setting to convince myself
@DanielSank That obviously depends on your language, no? :P
@ACuriousMind Well, not really. There are certain common patterns.
00:46
@ACuriousMind Yep! But adjacent cells should be correlated :/
I guess that means there's no simple answer haha
actually that really helped. I might be able to work with that!
np.cumprod
@DanielSank In Haskell: map (\x -> foldr (*) 1 (take x list)) [1..length(list)] where `list?`` is your list [a,b,c,d].
I'm curious how you extract a common pattern from that :P
Basically, foldr is the underlying pattern.
In fact, I'm surprised the Haskell code is that verbose.
Well, you can replace foldr (*) 1 (take x list) by product (take x list)
And there might be an ever shorter way to do it, I just came up with that myself
> but "monotone" doesn't make any sense if there's no order on the target
O nvm, I overlooked and overthink
00:57
Ooof, cumprod is not at all what I want.
the target $S$, by the definition should also be a poset. In that case I only need to act $f^{-1}$ and showed it reverse or preserve the partial ordering
Well, after some googling there's a predefined Haskell function that returns such a list of intermediate results, but that's cheating :P
oh what, cumprod is right...
@ACuriousMind nice.
@NeuroFuzzy Hrm, I see
In that case, you perhaps need to zoom out in your computation and then reverse the zoom
not sure how to make that loop smoothly, though
01:43
Every time I see Haskell I still automatically think "magic"...
@ElliotYu hmmmm?
@ElliotYu why?
user228700
Hi, everyone :-)
user228700
I've a quick question for anybody who knows some organic chemistry:
user228700
> "Typical double bond rotations as part of vibrational modes generally have frequencies around 900-1000/cm, compared to the same vibrational modes for alcohols and amines, at 400/cm."
user228700
01:47
The terms highlighted in bold have not be explained in the text. Can anybody please help me to understand the above statement?
What exactly do you want to know? What a "vibrational mode" is?
Also, that passage seems rather confused about what things are, frequencies are not given in /cm :P
user228700
:-/ I...don't even know what I'm confused about. Loong told me that this has to do w/ Infrared spectroscopy and that is not in my syllabus so I think I'll skip this for the time being (I found the text on an answer on Quora). Thanks :-)
Because I still don't really understand it lol... Or just functional programming in general
@SirCumference I'm from Massachusetts. I know what M&Ms are :p
The workplace pantry has a box of M&Ms. yum.
02:08
@Kaumudi the question you asked is also not in our syllabus
user228700
^ That is what I meant when I said: "that is not in my syllabus"
@ACuriousMind in chemistry we don't restrict to metres only
@Kaumudi lol
@Ramanujan What?
My point is that the unit of frequency is not a unit of inverse length.
02:30
@ACuriousMind Maybe he/she originally meant wave numbers?
@ElliotYu That is likely.
IR spectroscopy likes to put the results in wavenumbers it seems
03:10
yeah, we use wavenumbers when we meant frequencies in chemistry. This is done in order to make the numbers in the IR region look nice
user228700
03:29
@DanielSank :-P
user116211
03:43
Hey mods (@ACuriousMind, @DavidZ), since it's December, do you know when the Winter Bash is?
10
A: When will Winter Bash 2016 begin?

DavidThe winter bash starts on December 19, 2016 and runs up to and includes January 8, 2017. Sources: Should we turn Worldbuilding Stack Exchange into a Planet of Hats? Winter Bash 2016! Should we stay opt-in for Winter Bash 2016? an email sent from SE to all moderators.

user116211
Thanks ACM.
03:55
[Division by zero] Finally, some more elementary hints on the multiplication structure
Axioms: None except for the existence of zero terms

00,10,20,30
a,0,c,d
ak,0k,ck,dk
0(0k),(0k),2(0k),3(0k)
0a,a,2a,3a
0(01),(01),2(01),3(01)
0(02),(02),2(02),3(02)
0(03),(03),2(03),3(03)
00,10,20,30
a,0,c,d
ak,0k,ck,dk
0(0k),(0k),2(0k),3(0k)
0a,a,2a,3a
0(01),(01),2(01),3(01)
0(02),(02),2(02),3(02)
0(03),(03),2(03),3(03)

So that means, the whole multiplication structure is nearly controlled by the products of zeros.
 
1 hour later…
user228700
05:03
@DanielSank:
user228700
:-D Add Mumbai to your list. Although, I'm very sure that I could just as easily have found a great video about the street food of Delhi.
 
1 hour later…
06:53
I would appreciate it if someone could explain-to-OP/mediate/step-in/vote-to-reopen/vote-to-close here.
user228700
07:14
@JohnRennie: Morning :-)
Morning. I enjoyed the video you linked.
The only Indian city I've wandered around in is Pune, and the Marathi cooking is very different.
user228700
Oh, I see! Although I am quite proud of my country and all of its wonderful flavours, I must admit that I've only ever been to three states of 29 and Maharashtra is not one among them. Neither is Mumbai. I've been to Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala.
Well at 17 I had only been to two other European countries (Germany and Austria) so you're well ahead of me :-)
When I went to Pune it was for work (visiting Lever Hindustan) and the European visitors were told not to eat street food except possibly if you've seen it come straight out of smoking hot oil.
user228700
07:21
But you're talking countries!
Indian states are bigger than many European countries :-)
I didn't suffer any ill effects, but a colleague of mine got amoebic dysentery from eating street food and was really quite spectacularly ill :-)
user228700
Haha, I see. Street food is not too unhealthy. After all, that's why they're still so popular. People flock to them like moths to a light after the day's work is over :-)
user228700
@JohnRennie Oh crap, that sucks :-/
@Kaumudi part of the job. But that's why we were advised to be careful.
user228700
Hmm, yes...
07:24
I did eat the street food in Thailand, but oh my goodness it was hot. Everything was hot - even hotter than Indian food.
@JohnRennie I suppose natives are immune? Or how would you explain the poisonous food still being available on the market?
@SolenodonParadoxus I think you build up immunity to the local strains of enterobacteria.
Yes, that's what I meant
For example allegedly all Brits carry local strains of E. Coli in their gut wlth no ill effects. But if you're exposed to an unfamiliar strain you get a rearrangement of the gut bacteria. An, erm, explosive rearrangement :-)
user228700
Sheesh.
07:28
A friend of mine worked in Bangkok for several years, and he said he quickly got used to the local food and no longer got an upset stomach.
My colleague's wife got bit by a krait i India
She survived
@SolenodonParadoxus gosh, if I remember my Kipling correctly a krait (krate?) is one of the most poisonous snakes.
@JohnRennie its one of the Big Four snakes causing the most deaths in humans, sure
Doesn't mean it is the most poisonous though
The only poisonous snake we get in the UK is an adder, and that isn't very poisonous. There are adders where I used to live in Somerset. Once I very nearly sat on one. It's hard to say who was more startled, me or the snake :-)
Same here in Moscow :) But I'm planning on moving to Australia, which, I suspect, is going to change everything :)
I've lived in US for a couple of years, and everybody there was afraid of rattlers
Turns out they don't even make top-100 most venomous
07:36
In australia, you will be dealing with spiders on a daily basis. but don't worry most of them are non venomous
@Secret I am not really afraid of spiders :)
@Secret the one thing puzzling me though is - how would I know when to go to a hospital
I mean spider bites are probably very hard to spot, right?
@whatwhatwhat hi :-)
hello everyone!
well I am not an archinid expert, but as far I know the only really fatal spider bite in australia is the funnel web
@JohnRennie I hope you don't think less of me now that you know that I live in Moscow :)
07:38
and that one has some symptoms that you can check quickly
@JohnRennie I promise that I'm not a commie
user228700
@whatwhatwhat: I like ur name :-D
@SolenodonParadoxus ??? Why would I think less of you for living in Moscow. It's one of the cities I'd love to visit one day. Though possibly not in winter. I hear it's cooooooooooooold!!!
@Kaumudi thanks, it's on my birth certificate
@JohnRennie I was half-joking, but unfortunately, there's still quite a few racists out there who judge me based on nationality and where I live.
07:40
@SolenodonParadoxus I'm a Brit not American. We don't think people are dangerous leftists for caring about other people in their society.
@JohnRennie please come, if I'm still here, I'll show you around :)
Fellow intellectuals, I am working on a presentation for a physics class. The project is about solving the Einstein Field Equations for a wormhole solution. There are only 2 small issues: 1) I've never taken a GR class and 2) the project is due in 7 hours :)
I may have one or two....or 37 questions
:D
Your best shot is probably to ask your classmates not to be too hard on you :D
07:42
It was suggested to me that this would be a good place to get my questions answered, so here I am!
And ask the questions for which you have already prepared
But go ahead :)
@whatwhatwhat good grief!
Well, that's ambition for you :-)
One of these days I might show you all how ambitious I am being with finishing an undergrad degree, but for now I have a goal: to finish and get at least 3 hours of sleep, then go present it.
But solving the EFE normally means determining the metric from the stress-energy tensor, and it sounds as if you've been given the metric.
I assume you're actually trying to determine the properties of the spacetime, e.g. geodesics, from the metric you've been given.
Yup! This is noted by the authors: they are intentionally starting backwards from a metric, almost as an axiom, in their proof.
07:48
Aha, yes, the Morris-Thorne wormhole is one of the standard traversible wormholes.
@whatwhatwhat I'd do something like this
1. Present the solution to your classmates
2. Prove that it in fact solves EFE
3. Or not. You can just claim it, and if anybody is skeptic, they can check the claim by themselves :)
@whatwhatwhat EFE are too difficult to solve (actually, impossible)
so instead we search for some specific solutions and prove them to be solutions
@SolenodonParadoxus Well you can start from the metric and use it to compute the stress-energy tensor. But that's far beyond what a beginner could do.
@JohnRennie well you can use software to accomplish this
@JohnRennie my personal favorite is Wolfram Mathematica + MathGR package
@JohnRennie that's actually what the proof does. I've listed the 46 steps on a Word document, now I just need to add detail and put it into a Powerpoint with LaTex
07:54
"The Cristoffel symbols are used to study the geometry of the metric." This is from Wolfram MathWorld, but this is pretty vague. What do the symbols do for us?
user116211
@SolenodonParadoxus You have to deal with dingo too.
@whatwhatwhat they determine how to do parallel transport
i got home at 5:30pm
took a short nap
The Christoffel symbols tell you how curved the metric is in whatever coordinate system you've chosen. Suppose you're moving with velocity $u^\alpha^$ in the $x^\alpha^$ direction. In flat spacetime you'd just move in the $u^\alpha^$ direction.
next thing i know it's 3:00am
user116211
07:57
@SirCumference REALLY?
@MAFIA36790 yep...
However in curved spacetime you find you are displaced in the other directions as well.
user116211
You should mark the date @SirC.
@MAFIA36790 Why?
The Christoffel symbols tell you you're acceleration in the other three directions.
user116211
07:57
58 secs ago, by Sir Cumference
took a short nap
i think i'll just stay up until 7:00am
i probably can't sleep
@MAFIA36790 Well ya gotta understand, I hadn't slept for 3 days
@whatwhatwhat but I don't think they are well-suited for representing properties of the metric. How do I put it? Well, they contain a great deal of information, but it is hard for a human being to extract something useful without doing computations
@whatwhatwhat see:
21
A: How does "curved space" explain gravitational attraction?

John RennieIf you have a look at my answer to When objects fall along geodesic paths of curved space-time, why is there no force acting on them? this explains how on a curved surface two moving observers will appear to exprience a force pulling them together. However two stationary observers will feel no fo...

user116211
@SirCumference seems to be so.
But jeez, it feels like a truck hit me
user116211
07:59
Did you solve the problem you were talking about yesterday @SirC?
My gosh, this is so interesting that I wish I'd spread this out over more days :/
@MAFIA36790 Not yet
But I can't think right now
user116211
.+.
@MAFIA36790 what about them (dingos)? Its not like they are a threat to civilized society, right? And its not like I am to live in the wilderness :) I am actually planning to live in Sydney.
user116211
@SolenodonParadoxus Ahh! then okay; lately there have been scattered reports on they man-hunting or injuring seriously; but actually they are more of street dogs and won't harm you; still be pre cautious. Also, you can tame one if you want but it needs tiring efforts.
user228700
08:01
@JohnRennie: Quick question (?)
user116211
@secret, have you encountered any dingo?
@Kaumudi Yes?
user228700
@MAFIA36790: Ask Mew!
nope cause they are not very common unless in the outback
user116211
ooh.
user228700
08:03
@JohnRennie Increasing the temp. increases free energy, yes?
user116211
@Kaumudi Will ask when he comes.
@Kaumudi Yes?
user228700
..?
$G = H - TS$
Increasing the temperature generally increases $H$ because $H$ is mostly internal energy and you increase the temperature by adding internal energy.
However the $-TS$ term works in the other direction.
So it's a question of which term wins.
user228700
^ Yes, this is my question.
08:08
There is no simple answer because it depends on the system.
user228700
OK, nvm then.
For example water boils when you increase the temp because there's a massive entropy increase when liquid water turns to steam.
@JohnRennie what does the Riemann Curvature Tensor tell us/do for us? What I understand from Wikipedia is that it tells us the curvature of the manifold, but isn't this what the Cristoffel coefficients tell us?
Hi, everybody.
user116211
@DanielSank o/
08:09
@MAFIA36790 \o
@whatwhatwhat Well, Christoffel symbols and the Riemann tensor are related.
user228700
@JohnRennie Right.
The Riemann tensor is a rank-4 tensor.
user228700
Anyhoo, never mind. Thanksss :-)
08:10
Imagine you define a parallelogram by giving two of its sides.
Those two sides are vectors.
Now suppose we start at a corner of that parallelogram with a certain vector. We carry that vector around the perimeter of the parallelogram using parallel transport.
When we're done, that vector will have rotated and/or changed length a bit.
@whatwhatwhat: the metric, Christoffel symbols and Riemann tensor are all interrelated. They all tell us about the curvature but in different ways.
So all in all, we had two vectors to form the sides of the parallelogram, one initial vector which we parallel transport around the parallelogram, and a final vector telling us how much the parallel-transported vector changed.
That's four vectors in total - hence the Riemann tensor has four indices.
Summary: the Riemann tensor tells us how much a vector changes if it is parallel transported around a little parallelogram.
@Kaumudi it's probably best to resist the lures of the Gibbs free energy for now. It's really a subject for your first year as an undergrad. A shame really as this is an important area to understand if you had the spare time.
Danielsank: I wonder if geometric intuition can be used in QFT stuffs...?
Hmmm...internal questions are popping up within me now as to how much detail I should give every step of the derivation.
Any tips I should follow?
08:27
@whatwhatwhat as a general guide for talks you shouldn't talk about anything you aren't confident about explaining. Otherwise you'll be asked questions you can't answer. Then you have to either admit you don't know or try and bluff.
@JohnRennie good tip.
@JohnRennie @whatwhatwhat and bluffing is of course a major part of any scientific presentation, so you have to make sure that the little things don't give you away :)
@SolenodonParadoxus say it ain't so! I'm still young and think scientists are the kindest, most honest people in the world!
@whatwhatwhat I was kidding, don't bluff!
Lol, I wouldn't be able to anyway. I've never taken a class on GR and I will be speaking in front of a theoretical physicist (my professor).
08:31
0
Q: If the universe has more dimensions, why don't we?

foggyI understand the theories of multi dimensional universe just on a very basic level. I know they're possible to detect to some extent, otherwise those theories couldn't be studied in projects like LISA. But somehow, the other dimensions aren't as important for our existence since we can't perceive...

The idea is that if they are large we should have seen them already
@Secret The OP doesn't understand what they are asking about. Obviously since they mention LISA, which is a gravitational wave expt. If they read the article on compactification they will be ina better position to ask a coherent question.
In this step, the author used the standard equations for the Cristoffel symbols and the components of the Riemann Curvature tensor to find 24 nonzero components....but I only count 6....what am I missing here? imgur.com/a/J40A9
@whatwhatwhat Count all the Rs.
user116211
08:40
@Secret OP just failed the LISA experiment.
@JohnRennie superscripts are the components of the term (as in my earlier question about the four-vector x) while subscripts are the....?
Superscripts are used on contravariant objects while subscripts are used on covariant objects. The two types of object differ in how they transform under a change of coordinate system.
You can have mixed objects, like the Christoffel symbols, that have mixed upper and lower scripts.
I don't think it's possible to say more without getting stuck into the details of differential geometry. It isn't as scary as all those indicies make it appear, but you're not going to learn it ina few hours!
user228700
@JohnRennie I can spend time on this next year, can't I? :-)
@Kaumudi I have to say that thermodynamics has always failed to generate much excitement in me. It is important, and i learned it well enough to pass my exams at university, but I found it dull.
See what you think when you get to uni.
Some people like thermodynamics ...
@Secret In my experience, you can always find intuition.
@JohnRennie There's nothing wrong with admitting you don't know something.
The only mistake is to try to pretend you know when you do not.
08:54
@DanielSank The only mistake is to try to pretend you know when you do not and you can't get away with it :-)
Mew
Mew
sup dawgs
No self-respecting scientist would be upset if a speaker says clearly "That's a good question. I do not know the answer. Here is some relevant information but we should follow through on this..."
Mew
Mew
thermo is easy
^ False
Mew
Mew
^False
Entropy is simply the number of possible configurations of a given macrostate
08:54
[Philosophy x theromodynamics] What is the entropy of witten's bubble of nothing spacetime...?
Or more nebulously, what is the entropy of nothingness
user228700
@Mew Yello :-)
Mew
Mew
halO
@Secret entropy is the log of configurations
@DanielSank I think you have to take my statement in context. whatwhatwhat is attempting to give a talk on the Morris-Thorne metric while knowing nothing about GR. That calls for treading very, very carefully.
Mew
Mew
given only 1 configuration exists for a vaccum
user228700
@JohnRennie I will surely let you know :-)
Mew
Mew
08:56
the entropy of a vaccum is log 0 = undefinited
or -infinity
and thus it is a very low entropy state
which makes sense because there is no disorder in an empty system
Mew
Mew
@JohnRennie no if the paper contradicts me, the paper is wrong
@JohnRennie See, I have a different perspective. If you're supposed to give a talk and you don't know enough to give a good one, then postpone the talk and don't waste other people's time.
Mew
Mew
@JohnRennie appeal to paper isn't a valid argument
Wow, sounds like I'm about to put a few folks on "ignore" :)
08:58
@DanielSank I don't think they have a choice. How the situation arose isn't clear since whtwhatwhat hasn't told us.
@JohnRennie Ah.
Mew
Mew
@JohnRennie the article is making different assumptions than me
I am assuming classical mechanics
the paper is assuming a QFT world
@Mew you're taking your Trump persona too much to heart
You know what i just learned? There's a difference between a 2,000 K amplifier and a 20,000 K amplifier with a 10 dB attenuator following it.
Mew
Mew
@JohnRennie thanks :)
08:59
A big difference.

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