I have a question, but I'm not sure whether to ask it on MO. The "Chinese remainder theorem" is called that way in the literature, but naming theorems with Western origins by their authors, versus naming theorems with Eastern origins by their country, seems like a relic of colonialism.

What makes things even more complicated is that a problem that could be solved using the theorem was written in a book by Sunzi Suanjing (in a land that's now known as China) some time between the 3rd and 5th centuries A.D. and an algorithm for finding the integers was given by Aryabatha (in what's now known as India) in the 6th century A.D. If it was seen for the first time now, what would be the appropriate way to name it according to modern math research conventions?

Suanjing-Aryabatha theorem?

The makes this triply complicated, is that the name 孫子算經 (Sunzi Suanjing) can be transliterated with last name first, then first name (as it's done usually in China, Japan and Korea), or we could put the family name last, and the "given" name first.

Okay I'm wrong in that suanjing actually just means "calculation manual" and the name of the author was just Sun Zi. Perhaps it could be called the Zi-Aryabatha or Sun-Aryabatha theorem. But I'm wondering what the mainstream convention in mathematics research, would be for naming a theorem like this.

Oops, Zi in Sun Zi is just an honorific. His name is actually "Sun", and "Sun Zi" just means "Master Zi". So Sun-Aryabatha theorem? But still my question is about the mainstream naming convention for theorems: Do we name it after both of them, or just one of them, etc.