1. Yey!
2. That's exactly the sorts of thoughts I want you to be having!
3. It says "(e.g. their customs, technology, bureaucracy)." Is that what's unclear to you?
4. Yup, just a how-it-moves-forward determiner.
5. Yes, this is a game where players can lose and leave. It's harsh. There's a group win condition (but it's narrative, not mechanical) and a mechanical lose condition for individuals.
6. I haven't even mentioned if there's a GM or not. Totally dropping that in the group's lap.