@AlexMitan I've been studying chance in games for several years. Richard Garfield defines luck as "uncertainty in outcomes", but this can be generated purely deterministically (Chess, Go, etc.)
In terms of elements of chance, there seem to be only two fundamental methods:
-Random Number Generation (Dice, Card Shuffling, etc.)
-Imperfect Information (sometimes termed hidden information, but the latter may also connote "Incomplete Information", which is more of a Game Theory, as opposed to a Combinatorial Game Theory concept.)