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04:00
so we have a critical point at x = 1. since f(0) = 0, and f(8) = -34, this must be a local maximum
(because f(1) = 3 is bigger than both these values)
@DavidWheeler 10/3(x) is ambiguous
but there is a subtlety, here, f isn't differentiable at 0, so we have to check if 0 is a critical point as well.
how do I know that?
because $(10/3)(x^{-1/3} - x^{2/3})$ is undefined at 0
because dividing by zero?
04:04
@Jordan yes
@skullpatrol it was too late to edit it
@DavidWheeler np :D
I just think it is absurd how some teachers will ask questions on tests that don't even test the material but obscure rules you were suppose to learn sometime
well, calculus isn't "cooking" you don't just "follow a recipe and get the answer". you have to think about things.
yeah but deciding a whole test on some of these obscure rules is really unfair
that's not a whole test, it's just one question
04:11
sure but just for this test I had to know some obscure log rule, strange trig identities, some weird unused second derivative rule verbatim, and that isn't including the normal test stuff I had to know
oh and then I had to know some really hard geometry stuff that I still don't know
the second derivative test for concavity isn't unused, it's used all the time.
well I never saw a point for it, it was just more stuff to memorize
it just does what the first derivative test does, but with needless extra work
and more chance for error
it's so you don't have to graph a lot of points just to get an idea of a graph's shape
but how is it better than the first derivative test?
the first derivative only tells you if we have a critical point, it doesn't say "what kind" (maximia, minima, or inflection point)
04:15
I thought the second derivative test was when you use the second derivative to find points of increase and decrease
@Jordan Since the 1st derivative tells you how the function changes, the 2nd derivative tells you how that change changes .
I know that
You don't " use the second derivative to find points of increase and decrease"
these optimization problems are so pointless, they dont teach you anything about calculus, they just punish you for being bad at problem solving
because math is really just about ruining your GPA and losing thousands of dollars for failing classes, not learning anything
04:22
can someone explain why in the statement of Problem X.10 here: cems.uvm.edu/~voight/Sp2003-250B/2003-250B-HW07.pdf, (1) requires an isomorphism, as opposed to just a surjection?
The 1st derivative is the SLOPE of that moving tangent line. @Jordan
so a derivative is not a tangent line ,but the slope of the tangent line?
waht is the difference?
@Jordan yup it tells you what the slope of the original function is
how does a derivative tell you the slope of the function?
I mean when I find the slope it is y1-y2 / x1-x2 right?
04:27
@Jordan, ok but what happens when x1 = x2?
no slope
well, we get 0/0, which doesn't makes any sense.
so the derivative is a sneaky way around that: we take the limit of (y2-y1)/(x2-x1) as x1 approaches x2.
@Jordan Do you see how that red line is moving along the curve? Well you need to choose some fixed point to find the slope at that point.
let's say we want to find the slope at some point x = a.
so we'll chose x1 = a.
now the idea is to pick x2 "closer and closer to a".
and let x2 approach x1 :D
04:31
so we set x2 = a+h, where h is going to get very small.
now y2 = f(x2) = f(a+h), and y1 = f(x1) = f(a)
so a derivative is really just an approximation of what the slope would be at that point
so in this form, (y2 - y1)/(x2 - x1) = (f(a+h) - f(a))/(a+h - a) = (f(a+h) - f(a))/h
@Jordan the final result is the derivative function which will tell us the slope at any point we choose to "plug" in
as x2 gets close to x1, a+h gets close to a, that is: h approaches 0.
so as a definition: $f'(a) = \lim_{h \to 0} (f(a+h) - f(a))/h$
or the "instantaneous rate-of-change" (like what a speedometer measures)
@Jordan Look at the animated gif again, the slope of that moving red line is what the derivative function describes.
04:38
so to calculate a tangent line you have to use calculus?
or what is an equation for a tangent line?
if we have two points on a parabola $y = x^2$, say, $(a,a^2)$ and $(a+h,(a+h)^2)$ then the slope of the line passing through both of them is: $((a+h)^2 - a^2)/h = (2ah + h^2)/h = 2a + h$
@Jordan You get the SLOPE of the tangent line by evaluating the derivative at a particular point. ;-)
if we let h tend to 0, this will become 2a. so the tangent line to the parabola $y = x^2$ at the point (1/2,1/4) is going up at a 45 degree angle.
so you get the slope of the tangent line, but how do I get an equation of the tangent line? is that just the derivative not evaluated?
like for f(x)=4x the tangent line is 4?
@Jordan Now with that slope and that point you can come up with an equation for the tangent line, right?
04:43
oh, I guess, you can plot out points from there it starts from the slope
well, the general formula for a line is: $y - y_1 = m(x - x_1)$ for a line having slope $m$ going through the point $(x_1,y_1)$
or even just take y-f(x) = derivative(x2-x)
if that maeks any sense
the derivative tells us what "m" is.
and our point is (a,f(a)), so we get:
y - f(a) = f'(a)(x - a), or: y = f'(a)(x - a) + f(a)
y = mx + b
@Jordan remember?
yes
04:46
well the thing is, it's not all that helpful to know what the y-intercept is, we're interested in what is going on "near a", not the y-axis (x = a, NOT x = 0).
that why the point-slope form is more useful
@Jordan Replace "m" with the derivative function evaluated at a point on the original function :D
With a little Algebra you will be able to come up with an equation for the "tangent line."
y = mx + b
but is it ever useful to have an equation for the tangent line? I dont think it is ever used in class
You asked for that equation.
yeah I know
11 mins ago, by Jordan
so you get the slope of the tangent line, but how do I get an equation of the tangent line? is that just the derivative not evaluated?
04:54
well is it ever used for anything?
That depends on the question ;-)
The art of asking questions is more important than solving problems :D
sometimes the tangent line is used to make a "linear approximation" of a function near where we are taking the derivative.
for example, maybe we want to get a quick estimate of the cube root of 7.8
Okay people, you're just making a mountain out of a molehill ...
> I still think that it is problematic if you don't know words like narrow-minded.
I'll go to study words like narrow-minded, if it helps.
well, do you have any better raw materials at hand? i say if we can get an entire mountain out of one little molehill, well...that's progress!
linear aproximations, is that newton's method?
04:59
@Jordan, not exactly
As I said, I'm not going to answer any further questions about the word and "the list of words like narrow-minded".
@DavidWheeler Precisely.
Slow/steady/good/scientific/technical progress.
oh well thanks for everyone's help, I am going to go cry myself to sleep and try and forget about the test today
what word?
@Gigili sorry, i'm more-or-less blithely unawares of the back-room dramas erupting over things....
Yay : )
05:15
oh dear. i'm sorry, Gigili.
@MattN Wofür?
Thank you, David.
@Gigili That the purple avatar is here : )
sometimes competition brings out the worst in people. unlike in other fields, it's rarely ok to be "wrong" in mathematics, and this carries over to mathematicians' social views.
@MattN Umm, I see no difference between being absent and inactive.
oh good. that means i'm not here. cool :)
05:21
Hello friends
Hello friend :D
@Gigili Well...
I just got an RSS feed from main.
@DavidWheeler Well, if people judge me by a word, I refuse to take on the moderator role in that community.
I complaint a month ago that why we don't have such thing, the RSS feed pop-up thingy.
what is a "split surjection?"
This is an exact dupe. Does anyone know how to find its older twin?
05:31
@Eric: a split map is usually a map that has a section
so a split surjection is a surjection with a section
this is in the context of exact sequences and functors
yep, tnat fits the bill
what do you mean by a section? an inverse?
@MattN I would guess it is in the "Related" list on the right-hand side ;-)
not quite - so if $f: A \to B$ is our surjection, then a section $s$ is a map $s: B \to A$ s.t. $f \circ s$ is the identity
05:34
like if you say that Hom$(M,A^n)\to $Hom$(M,M)$ is a split surjection, what does that mean @mixedmath?
if $M$ is projective this is true apparently, given an exact sequence $0\to A^m\to A^n\to M\to 0$
yes, projectivity means there are sections
Found it : )
Good job Sherlock :D
2
Q: $\{a_{n}\}$ diverges to $+\infty$

BretonLet $\{a_{n}\}$ a sequence such that $a_{n +1}=2^{a_{n}}$, $a_{1}=1$ show that $\{a_{n}\}$ diverges to $+\infty$ hint: It would have to prove by induction that: $a_{n}\geq 2^{n-1}$, $n = 2,3, ...$ Using the inequality $2^{n-1}=(1 +1)^{n-1}=1+(n-1)+\cdots\geq n$ (if $n\geq 2$) Could they ple...

@mixedmath can you tell me in this instance what this means in concrete terms so i can understand by example? i don't know what sections we are considering
05:37
@Gigili Yes that's exactly it. Lovely, thank you! : )
@MattN Any time.
Nice : )
if $M$ is projective and we have a morphism $f:M\to M$, then it lifts to $\tilde{f}:M\to A^n$
is that the point?
Close votes pleeze. (those who can)
$Hom(M,An)→Hom(M,M) $ has a section means there is a map $Hom(M,M) \to Hom(M, A_n)$ that composes to give the identity on Hom(M,M)
05:39
Close-vote needs 3k?
Yep.
The "older twin" was on the bottom of the Related List :D
Hi @DavidWallace
@mixedmath would you look at X.10 here and tell me why condition (1) is required? This is a problem from Lang. I thought I did the problem correctly but I can't understand condition (1), and why surjectivity does not suffice and why an isomorphism is required cems.uvm.edu/~voight/Sp2003-250B/2003-250B-HW07.pdf
Hi Skully.
the proof is a rather elementary application of Nak
or so i thought
05:44
Sorry, I was just reading the remarks above.
@Gigili It's unfortunate that Breton's post is the one that will survive, considering his stubborn refusal to cooperate with commenters.
Sorry, meant to ping @MattN.
No problem, we're so similar.
I see no sign of his stubborn refusal there.
I sent you an email @DavidWallace, and 'ello.
@AntonioVargas Pinging is like multiplying by zero it cannot be "undone." ;-)
I only meant in that he rarely shows that he puts effort into solving the questions himself, when asked for clarification never provides it, always using the imperative, that kind of thing.
@skullpatrol and like mixing paint.
05:51
dis muy homwerk, and j00 must fix for meh pleez!!!
3
Or maybe I'm just bad at painting.
@AntonioVargas :D
@Gigili 'Ello I just answered it.
AFK for a bit. Today is my son's birthday; I gave him a MacBook, but he needs my help connecting it to the Internet.
@DavidWallace Thank you.
@DavidWallace Whoa, what a birthday gift for a ten year old boy.
@AntonioVargas Well before I edited this one the question wasn't even readable.
Hey Dylan, have you voted already^?
Thanks : )
06:04
Yep yep.
@Gigili Yeah, he's a bit spoilt.
I suspect there's no moderator around at this time.
And I presume it'll be deleted automatically if 6(7?) users flag it as spam.
flagged it
06:23
(numerical-methods)?
@Gigili - why don't you flag it; get your number of helpful flags up.
Well, someone edited it ... someone answered it ... someone is going to share it on G+
Never mind then.
@DavidWallace I did.
Yay! I got 20 upvotes for something that took me about 20 seconds last night.
It was a great answer.
Well, thank you.
06:35
Hi @anon
hi
@anon I like the new colorful avatar.
me too
me three
what, no 4?
06:37
WTH, isn't a question like that considered spam?
I don't consider it spam. The user genuinely wants to understand an English term as used in mathematics.
Agreed.
And it requires greater than zero mathematical experience to answer it in a technical way.
He could look it up in the dictionary.
And get porn for his or her trouble :P
06:40
$\huge{:D}$
kinky
oh noes, I don't have chatjax on this computer, I must fix this
Noooo: anon changed his avatar :,(
Anyway, a lot of math terms users could look them up on WP or whatever but instead deign to ask on MSE. It just means they're un-researched questions arguably deserving downvote, not spam.
@MattN I consider this a better rainbow gravatar.
It's NARQ, in best case.
@anon Nooooo :,( The old one was so awesome.
06:42
I'm referring to the way it's being asked more than the context.
Context is everything ;-)
@MattN And this one is even more awesome. It's part of the 2-adic's dual group. shivers
though in isolation it simply looks like a rainbow wheel
Look, the OP keep asking all of his/her question just there. Good luck handling the situation.
@Gigili See, maybe our moderator could move it to English.SE, and see what Reg does with it.
@anon Exactly. : )
06:53
@DavidWallace I thought the policy on such questions was to avoid answering them.
What am I doing here ?
I hate maths..
@Reacen How can an EE hate maths?
Dunno. Should I do an armchair psychoanalysis based on your two lines of participation in the chatroom? :P
@Gigili If you're talking about narges's question, I disagree. There's clearly a significant language barrier, and the questions are very elementary, but they appear to be genuine questions, and narges is interacting with the commenters. They are certainly not spam, and only an incompetent moderator would treat them as such.
@Gigili I am being facetious.
06:58
@BrianMScott Well put.
@BrianMScott I am an incompetent moderator.
Amazing how the recent one went from 0,-3 to +3,-3 after a simple edit.
This will encourage other new users to ask questions without putting enough effort into it.
Just like normal forums.
@BrianMScott Yes, I think it's a good question, poorly asked. Alex Becker said as much, both by his comment, and by supplying a good answer.
The thing about new users not putting in a lot of effort is they have very little exposure to our community and its workings, so how we go about our business is going to be of little encouragement or discouragement.
07:01
@Gigili No, you are aspiring to become an incompetent moderator :-)
joke
@BrianMScott I think Gigili is right though. Good moderators would close this question, to put it in "time out" until the OP (or other users) can revise it and make it better.
@DavidWallace I disagree utterly. As far as I'm concerned, that would be an obvious abuse of moderatorial powers.
A good example of this is Yannis Rizos, on Programmers.SE - he frequently closes poorly worded questions, and asks the OP to revisit them.
@BrianMScott The primary purpose of all the SE sites is to put together a battery of high quality questions and answers. Questions that don't fit this description have no business remaining open.
@skullpatrol What's EE ?
@DavidWallace It's not clear that this poster is capable of expressing himself more clearly. Judging by his responses, he's trying to be cooperative.
You point of view is a user who likes to answer such question and see it as good question (after a minor edit!), a moderator is deeply concerned about the quality of the questions.
07:06
@Reacen The abbreviation for the other chat room you are in, namely Electrical Engineering ;-)
@DavidWallace My primary interest is to help the immediate questioner, though preferably with an eye to future users.
@BrianMScott Then it's the mod's responsibility to help him/her; possibly by suggesting an edit.
If you encourage a question like that, because it "could" be a good one, even though it is not now.. There'll be a bunch of questions "plzzzzzz help me sooooon".
@BrianMScott OK, that's YOUR primary interest, but that's not the stated goal of the SE sites.
Closures are going to be interpreted as permanent by OPs (unless otherwise informed), and few people tend to drop in and explain that a closure is contingent on a question being improved to a satisfactory quality. (Indeed, reopenings are rare.) I also do not think moderators should be quality police. That's the community's job alone.
2
07:08
Exactly.
@anon So the moderator has to make sure that the OP properly understands that closure doesn't mean "get lost"; it's just a request for improvement.
@BrianMScott I agree (as is evidenced by my answer :-)
@robjohn Yes, good answer, by the way.
The Konig has spoken
What is really required is for someone with 2000+ to get in there and make the question better. It's ironic that one such user has already done an edit, but didn't go nearly far enough.
07:10
@DavidWallace If that were done it would be much better, but I think it would be safer to allow a window of opportunity for a question to be improved, with help from others, before a moderator or others resort to closure.
@robjohn Thanks for putting in the "New feed" drop down bar :D
@anon but "closure" doesn't remove the window of opportunity.
I used to think the same way as anon and Brian here; I had a long argument with Yannis about it, and he eventually convinced me of the error of my ways.
I'll see if I can find a link to some of our conversation.
i regret flagging that post
unless we should be flagging for atrocious english
@anon Indeed. Closure is one of the community's responsibilities. However, I have been a part of several reopening of questions.
@EricGregor Luckily no harm was done. It was my fault, sorry.
I couldn't think of anything else as it stood at first.
07:15
@skullpatrol Thanks for suggesting it. Adding it is one of the few things I can do as room owner, so I thought I would try it out. If it annoys people, I will consider removing it.
2
I am a firm believer in minimal moderation. In particular, I don't want the moderators making by fiat decisions that the community is perfectly capable of making on its own. I want them to deal first and foremost with administrative problems, like merging accounts, and secondly with personal interactions that get completely out of hand.
@EricGregor Let them handle "atrocious English" in the English department :D
Look a ^^feed
@DavidWallace If the MSE community actually came to operate strongly on that premise, I'd be strongly tempted to find another way to help folks with math questions.
@BrianMScott this is why I have rarely flagged for moderator attention. I have either voted to close, or suggested a change by the author.
All of my flags come from commercial spam, answers that should be comments, or accounts that need merging.
I was wondering what in the world that feed thingie was and how it got there.
07:18
That's Rob's doing, to keep the room up-to-date on the incoming questions.
@anon I think they could guide the OP through it instead of large edits. And I believe they had to avoid answering until then.
@BrianMScott I find that a bit sad. After all, the body of questions and answers that we build up helps many people, basically forever. Isn't that more worthwhile than helping just one person right now?
Whoa, what are these new pop-ups here.
@DavidWallace The two goals are not incompatible, and I object to your treating them as if they were.
@anon Does the feed bother you?
07:20
Nope.
@BrianMScott I couldn't agree more, that the goals are compatible. Which is why the site works so well. But sometimes, we have to favour one or the other.
But the immediate user has his/her answer, now - in fact more than one. So now we should stop and think about what's best for the future users. And what's best would be for this question to EITHER be improved by editing, OR removed. Closure is a kind of limbo between these two, from which the question may either be resurrected or destroyed.
@DavidWallace Leave it to the individuals answering the questions to favor one or the other, just as it is now. Compare Bill Dubuque's answers with mine: he's at one extreme, and I'm towards the other end of the spectrum.
@DavidWallace I have noticed that some answers are for the OP and some are for posterity. It is a benefit of multiple answers.
I have answered both ways.
@DylanMoreland That's Rob's doing, to keep the room up-to-date on the incoming questions.
@robjohn So have I, for that matter: I've occasionally added an answer to a question that's already been well answered, simply because I thought that a different approach or way of looking at a problem might be useful to someone else.
07:25
@BrianMScott I really enjoy when multiple answers use very different ideas. It gives an idea of the depth and breadth of math.
And I sometimes learn something, too!
Fine, since nobody with over 2000 wants to do it - I will edit the question and wait for approval. Then this whole issue goes away.
Which one is that, @David:
@DavidWallace the kink question?
@DavidWallace: Will you be there today?
07:27
So let's all agree to work together on the question of kinkiness :D
@DavidWallace Better now?
I have just done it (edited the kink question). Waiting for peer review / approval.
Is it my imagination, or are we seeing an end-of-term upsurge?
OK, Brian, it looks like you got in before me.
Did you start AFTER I said I would, or BEFORE? Oh, it doesn't matter.
I'll bring those two questions by "narges" to meta.
07:30
@BrianMScott End-of-term panic ;-)
Anyway, gotta run. Bye!
I'm not sure whether my edit will override Brian's once it's approved, or whether it will just go in the trash bin. It doesn't matter too much; my edit was very similar to his.
@DavidWallace It seems to have disappeared: I'm not getting a review flag for it.
Near-simultaneous edit attempts do seem occasionally to misbehave.
Oh, I did it after you pointed out that no one had yet dealt with it.
@Gigili There there.
@skullpatrol I suspect so, yes. Though I think that some of the end-of-term questions are more a matter of tying up loose ends.
07:34
Never mind.
07:51
Some interesting reading.
10
Q: Should the 'good question' criteria be revised, or, has flagging become over-zealous?

Jason LewisFirst off, let me say I love the community moderation system. I think it's tops. But I feel like too many questions that could elicit interesting answers (specifically, interesting as a programmer) are being closed prematurely. I get that polling and extended discussion are Bad Things. I also g...

@DavidWallace I could hardly disagree more with Rizos.
As did I. But I don't any more. However, Programmers and StackOverflow may be a little different from Mathematics.
I suspect that they are, actually: the likely user base is very different, I think.
Professional programmers (like me) search for answers to questions several times a week, and find them on these two sites. They're extremely valuable, because of the quality of their questions and their answers. The value for "future users" of any question far outweighs the "here and now" value to the individual who posts the question.
But maybe the same is not true of Mathematics.SE - this site is less "ongoingly valuable", and therefore the needs of the immediate user should maybe be held in higher esteem.
Whereas a very substantial part of our user base seems to be students.
07:59
Right, that's true.
and grad students...
Alcohol and beers.
@skullpatrol Well, they're students too, no? I was also including the self-studiers.
Hmm, I edited one of Gigili's answers yesterday too, and the edit hasn't shown up. In fact, the fact that I can't see it any more probably means it was rejected.
@BrianMScott I didn't realize the generality of your definition of a "student" sorry.
08:05
I wonder if I should try again. It was only a small (but crucial) edit.
@DavidWallace Which one?
0
A: Linear equation Numerical analysis consistency

Gigili\begin{align*} x - \alpha y &= 1\\ \alpha x - y &= 1 \end{align*} By simplifying, we have: $$\frac{x-1}{\alpha}=\alpha x-1$$ Which is: $$(\alpha^2-1)x-(\alpha+1)=0$$ $$x=\frac{\alpha+1}{\alpha^2-1}$$ Assuming $\alpha \neq1$, $x=\frac{1}{\alpha-1}$ is your unique solution. For $\alph...

Morning everyone!
What is this annoying "new feed items" thing? Can I turn that off?
At the bottom, where she says "assuming $\alpha \neq 1$", I changed it to "assuming $\alpha \neq \pm 1$.
(I really wish they would stop providing me with information I'm not asking for...)
08:07
@tb robjohn turned it on for the room, it's in test run phase
but I guess the reviewer didn't like it.
@DavidWallace I'll fix it.
@BrianMScott Thanks. Appreciated.
And at the very least they could filter out the tags I chose to ignore...
@DavidWallace Done.
08:08
There's a potential issue in one of my answers I realize. An invertible matrix isn't necessarily diagonalizable over an algebraically closed field, is it?
@anon Of course not. Take $\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 1 \\ 0 & 1 \end{pmatrix}$.
@tb Let Robjohn know; he's asking for feedback on whether it's helpful or annoying.
Derp.
Would it be annoying if it appeared as a comment, like it does in the Linguistics.SE chat room?
@robjohn: Apparently you ask for feedback on the rss-feed thingie: I find it very annoying since it provides me with unsolicited information. Two immediate reactions and proposals for improvement 1) I would like to have the option to turn it off. 2) It shouldn't show me questions belonging to tags I do not want to follow (those on my ignore list).
08:15
@DavidWallace In my opinion, that would interrupt the flow of the chat, this way you can "dismiss" it if you don't see anything interesting on it :-)
Yeah, fair call. It works on Ling because that's such a low volume site.
Perhaps a slot in the sidebar?
I do not understand what purpose it serves at all: if I am interested in following the new questions on the site I simply open another tab.
And except for Jonas, everyone has a browser supporting tabs.
@anon your new avatar reminds me of the CIE Lab colour space. Was that intentional? upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Lab_color_space.png
@tb At work, our standard desktop has IE6.
@DavidWallace Is that a browser? :)
08:20
@tb: I've corrected this answer of mine just now. I wanted full generality on $k$ and an algebraic argument that didn't require topological considerations, but I'm not sure how or if that's possible. Do you have any input?
@DavidWallace How about a nice game of I Spy?
:-)
Does opening up another tab instantly notify you when a new question comes in?
@anon That doesn't answer my question.
@skullpatrol No.
I have no idea what CIE Lab colour space is, except that maybe it's some new mathematical parametrization of colors for computer graphics. I was pointing out I just saw an icon I liked on WP and decided to nab it for myself, with no other considerations involved.
@skullpatrol Yes, the main page has a counter of added to the window title, so whenever that number changes I know there was new activity. That's more than enough information.
08:23
Yes, it's a parameterisation of colours, but not specifically for computer graphics. Anyway, I just noticed the similarity, and wondered whether you had chosen it for that.
@tb Just like the chat room tab :D
I don't really see any similarity other than "they both have a lot of pretty colors" :D
OK, no worries.
@anon what do you mean by "topological considerations?"
Like, what is continuity in a finite field? I think in Q's answer I linked to we have reals and the continuity of the functions involved allowed us to extend to the degenerate cases.
"It follows that ... for all diagonalizable A, hence all A by continuity"
08:30
@BrianMScott I like your idea of having the rss-feed in the side bar just like when your in multiple rooms you can follow the chats in the side bar.
@anon I see. I think it is generally true that the diagonalizable operators are Zariski dense in the linear operators over a field. Since you're having an identity of polynomials which hold on a Zariski dense subspace and since polynomials are continuous in the Z-topology, the identities must hold everywhere. That's one way of establishing the Cayley-Hamilton theorem, for example.
@skullpatrol Ah, that's where I'd seen such a thing before. Thanks. I was trying to remember what gave me the idea.
@tb Thanks. I've heard a lot of topological Zariski talk without ever actually learning about it, but it sounds like the way to go to understand that situation.
@BrianMScott np
Random segue: any excuse to talk about the Chebyshev polynomials in an answer is a good one...
08:39
@anon The point is that the set of matrices with repeated eigenvalues is the zero-set of the discriminant of the charateristic polynomial, hence it is closed in the Zariski topology. Its (open) complement consists of diagonalizable operators, and Z-open sets are Z-dense.
For those who like the rss-feed drop down notifier of new questions;
star this message.
For those who do not like the rss-feed drop down notifier of new questions;
star this message.
@anon So: in order to prove that a polynomial identity holds for all matrices, it suffices to prove it for the diagonalizable ones since they contain the dense subset of the diagonalizable ones. Technically, you need to work over the algebraic closure but that doesn't change a thing since you can always restrict later on.
Aha! In my previous version I mentioned the possibility of going up to $k^{\rm alg}\otimes_k V$ and then restricting back down. I had a feeling that was useful.
@tb That was my impression when I saw it on Mma and ELU chats. Those points should be brought up on meta (individual control, as with sound, and respecting the ignore list). If those are addressed, then it would be a lot better.
@tb does it obscure a lot of your screen?
I know that some users have very small screens.
@robjohn A good third of the chat discussion was hidden behind it.
08:46
there is one^^
I will disable it then. It was a good experiment.
robjohn has stopped a feed from being posted into this room
The Konig has spoken.
Thanks!
@anon these notes look like a quick route to what you need to know for this argument. It's a bit of work but I can't think of an easier way right now.
@robjohn For the record, I think that I could have got used to it, but I'd prefer either to be able to turn it off or to have it appear in the sidebar.
08:50
@Brian: Did you check to see if the OP's homog solutions were correct ;)
@BrianMScott Yes, some sort of individual control would be nice. I found it annoying when I first went to Mma chat.
For the record, thanks for trying the experiment :D
Konig
It was a good experiment.
@anon He can get them by your technique even without showing that the equation is already homogeneous: $t-(-t)=2t$ is a solution to the homog. eqn. so $t$ is, and then $t^2-t$ is, so $t^2$ is.
Drats, you're right.
And you wrote it in your answer too. Shame on me.

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