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00:20
I am looking at the exercise:
At a tango course $12$ married couples participate. Find an appropriate measurable space and calculate the probability that exactly nine couples dance together.

Is the measurable space a 2-tuple $(\Omega, \mathcal{F})$, where $\Omega=\{1,2,3\ldots,12\}^2$, since we have 12 men and 12 women? And $\mathcal{F}$ is a $\sigma$-Algebra on $\Omega$, or not ?
 
2 hours later…
01:51
@MeowMix Yes.
coolio
I answered your email.
just read
god, balancing all my subjects is gonna kill me
i have 3 tests tomorrow, cool
then a 2 tests and a project due the next day
Well, stop Spivaking and put priority on your schoolwork.
I've been schoolworking the past few hours
02:00
well, make sure to get plenty of sleep!
Anyone fond of representation theory of groups?
I like it but am a noob
Like I barely know shit
Anything about branching graphs?
And subreps?
Hi noob Demonark
I am having troubles wrapping my head around subreps of cyclic groups of the order 2^n
There are the irreducible reps that correspond to the nth roots of unit
02:15
btw Ted
Oh, that makes sense, @anakhronizein.
So then suppose I take the restriction of these subreps to the cyclic group of order $2^{n-1}$:
what are the subreps of these restrictions?
It's the average of all the $a_i$ right?
Yes, but what about b.? It's so cool.
(If I remember right.)
??? how did you know what b is
anyways it's like
sum of $|x - a_i|$
02:18
Right.
wow, this is interesting
@anakhronizein: Doesn't it depend on which $k$ divide $n$ or $n-1$?
well, looking at the derivative doesnt prove to be very meaningful
Yeah that is what I am thinking, something along those lines.
But the subreps will correspond to subspaces of C
which there is only 2
So maybe I am missing something
since it isn't differentiable at any of the $a_i$ you dont have any calculus to do
but i guess the problem does mention that
WAIT
02:23
I've actually forgotten the definition of subrep.
Do you have to restrict the action to a proper subspace? I don't think so.
I guess not.
What's the careful definition?
ok so Ted hear me out
I thought it was the restriction to a $\sigma$-invariant subspace.
@Ted yo
02:25
suppose $x < a_1$ (and thus less than all the other $a_i$)
I want a precise, correct definition, @anakhronizein.
in that case, $f(x)$ looks like $nx - \sum a_i$
If $(\sigma,V)$ is a representation of $G$, then a subrepresentation of $V$ is a $\sigma$-invariant subspace $W$ of $V$. The subrepresentation is given by $(\sigma|_W,W)$.
then, when $a_1 < x < a_2$, you have $f(x) = a_1 + (n-2)x - \sum a_i$ for $i > 1$
@anakhronizein: $\sigma|_W$ doesn't make sense.
02:29
oops, these are supposed to be negative
@Meow: Maybe a graphical approach would be helpful.
What im trying to say here is that
$\sigma|_W\colon G\to W\colon g\mapsto \sigma(g)$.
It makes sense to me.
if $n$ is odd, the minimum occurs at $a_{(n + 1 )/ 2}$
that $|_W$ notation is for restriction of domain, not of range.
02:30
Sorry, that's just the notation I use.
It's bad.
Depends on the book you refer to.
Apparently we just don't share the notation.
I've never seen that in my life.
OK, so you do need proper invariant subspaces.
if $n$ is even, everything in $[a_{n/2}, a_{n/2 + 1}]$ is a local minimum
does that solution sound good to you?
No.
Oh, I guess that's right.
So what's the interpretation of the minimum point(s)?
02:32
it's sort of like the "middle" $a_i$
There's a stat word for that.
uhh
median?
Here's a first for you @TedShifrin, look on page 2
Yes, Meow.
02:33
now that makes sense why he chose to make $a_1 < a_2 < \dots$
@anakhronizein: Read more carefully. What they said agrees with me, not with you.
Riperoni pepperoni
cool problem.
The multivariable generalization is also quite interesting, @Meow. Save that for later :P
is there any multivariable stuff in spivaks?
02:36
Nope. That's what my book is for :)
approaches Ted's book geometrically
You'll be back to computers soon enough :)
Go worry about your exams for tomorrow. Enough math here.
Well I would link you to my professors notes where it is used, but then that discloses information about my identity.
But that's the book he uses and I personally think that it is not bad notation.
02:38
I don't really care, @anakhronizein, but did you see that they wrote $\sigma(g)|_W$? So they're restricting the domain of $\sigma(g)$, which is correct.
Where did they write what you said?
@Meow it seems like when one of us gets really into math, the other starts to like compsci
:P
Catch you around
well one reason my compsci shit is on hold right now is because
You said you were waiting for chips or somethin'.
i have no funding for my cpu project at the moment
02:39
Why is it true that for an $n$-manifold, the intersection of a generally positioned $i$-cycle and $j$-cycle is an $(i+j−n)$- cycle?
plus one of my projects got very hard very quickly
Think about linear algebra, @gian. Take $i$, $j$ dimensional subspaces.
and id like to return to it at a later date because it's the top on the "stack" of projects, where each of the lower project depends on the above projects
I see. Hopefully that won't get stonewalled for too much longer
"very hard" is exciting to you, Meow.
02:40
I'm starting to shift toward compsci because in discrete we're starting graph theory and I remember how fun the stuff is
oh, the project has to do with 3d graphics ;)
That's why you liked projective geometry after all, Meow. :)
TWO LINES ARE CONICS TOO
i mean, yeah
Ted: What's projective geometry about exactly?
projecting
your geometries
02:42
Things that are $PGL$ invariant instead of Euclidean-group invariant?
Take your normal euclidean geometry and instead of having parallel lines, have all the lines intersect.
in reality you start by constructing real projective space
For example, two shapes that appear the same when viewed on different viewing planes from different spots are projectively equivalent.
iirc dont you define it by making equivalence classes of $\Bbb R^2$?
at least $R\mathbb P^1$
That's defining projective space ... lines through the origin in $\Bbb R^{n+1}$.
02:44
yeah, real projective space
then you do some theorems and stuff
The Fano plane is the best image I think that sums up projective geometry.
So does geometry of $\mathbb{RP}^n$ match nicely with PGL business? Or do the names just overlap?
At least, naively.
Yes, @Demonark. $PGL$ is the group of motions.
oh, you have that cross thing that is invariant under projective transformations
cross-something
02:45
cross ratio, yup.
It's the one invariant.
Oh wait I guess that makes sense, they're both defined by scalar multiples being identified with each other
right, Demonark
Projective differential geometry gets really cool ...
Huh, might check that out at some point
Projective connections instead of Levi-Civita :P
Good luck with your exams, Meow.
before I go to bed
I saw one of the problems you gave to me one day in this book
"Find two convex functions that intersect only at the integers"
02:48
We didn't quite do Levi-Civita in our class, or at least I don't remember our referring to it as such, what is that exactly?
That is the general version of the $\nabla_X$ you learned for surfaces.
But there's no metric when you do projective differential geometry.
anyways, good night and thanks
im going to do well on at least 1 of the tests
Oh, right, @Meow ... that's in Spivak Chapter 11 appendix.
Do well. :) Night!
What classifies as doing projective differential geometry? I have worked with quotients of projective varieties, but I get metrics there.
Sure, projective varieties get the induced Kähler metric (so it's hermitian). But a projective connection comes from working with the projectivized tangent bundle, not the tangent bundle.
02:52
So is the former not under "projective differential geometry"?
No, it's Kähler geometry.
Terminology is admittedly confusing.
I have been looking to do more complex geometry.
It would complement the co-adjoint orbit method stuff I want to look into as well.
Well, more symplectic than complex, but there's a lot of overlap.
So you still don't concede the difference between the book's notation and yours?
My final word on it ... since I'm going to cook dinner.
02:56
@TedShifrin in reference to the book's notation, my professor used the notation I used above (which no one had an issue with during class, and still 2 months later), and he heavily used the book. It doesn't clash with it, nor is it poor, IMHO.
You just don't get it. Never mind.
Indeed, I don't get the issue at hand with the notation.
In any case, goodnight. I think I solved my problem.
03:13
[Random]
Some rambles about the transfinite Veblen
\begin{align}
\varphi \binom{1\\1} \\
\varphi \binom{1\\2} \\
\varphi \binom{1\\3} \\
\varphi \binom{1\\4} \\
\varphi \binom{1\\5} \\
\cdots \\
\varphi \binom{1\\ \omega} \\
\end{align}
Then diagonal is clearly:
$\varphi (1,\cdots 1,1,1,1,1)$
yet there are only countably many Veblen expressions?
04:08
that eye-opening moment when my prof asked me what the trace and determinant of the empty matrix is
it got me thinking
@LeakyNun What is it?
"what is the sound of one hand clapping"
@Semiclassical lol
Is it trace = 0 and determinant = 1?
@user76284 yes
04:14
Nice
I assumed so since trace is 'additive' and determinant is 'multiplicative'
I think I have used something like that, actually, in the context of writing recursion relations for determinants of n-by-n matrices
determinant is a homomorphism to the units, so it must be the multiplicative identity
trace is a homomorphism to the additive group, so it must be additive identity
though in my case it's really just a convenient way of expressing the recurrence rather than anything insightful
What is the exponential of the empty matrix?
Just empty again?
@user76284 how is exponential defined? the taylor series?
$\exp(T) := \displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac1{n!} T^n$
04:17
there's also the formula $\det e^A = e^{\tr A}$
well it must be the empty matrix
@Semiclassical Yeah I was thinking of that
i will never understand why \det is a thing but not \tr
I don't really think of it as "empty matrix", but rather the unique endomorphism of the trivial vector space
then $\exp(T)$ is an endomorphism, so it must be the empty matrix
anyways. if A is the empty matrix, then tr(A)=0 as argued above. so for the formula to hold you'd need det(e^A)=e^0=1
in which case e^A has determinant 1
which is consistent with e^A being the empty matrix
04:18
And there is only one 'empty matrix'.
Zero-dimensional
right
04:47
If I'm training a neural network in an online setting with samples which are generated from the true distribution of data, overfitting shouldn't be a problem, right?
05:19
5
Q: Proving that $\frac{\phi^{400}+1}{\phi^{200}}$ is an integer.

PkwssisHow do we prove that $\dfrac{\phi^{400}+1}{\phi^{200}}$ is an integer, where $\phi$ is the golden ratio? This appeared in an answer to a question I asked previously, but I do not see how to prove this..

hmm, I wonder if it can be solved more elegantly
Can someone give a hint about the following: Take a point on a CW complex X and then define a new CW structure on X such that this point is a 0-cell?
Jan
Jan
06:06
How to call the coefficient that is used for helping to solve equation? Like in Jensen's inequality. Is it called just the coefficient or it has some special word for it?
06:26
This is the second exercise from here math.cornell.edu/~hatcher/AT/ATapp.pdf
 
1 hour later…
07:27
Yo @Tasty!
Morning
How's it going?
Okay, but busy (as always :P )
TA'ing graph theory to a blind student is taking up a lot of my time, though
And you?
Anything interesting you've been up to recently?
Oh, I see
I'm TAing discrete math and it has recently reached graph theory
I'm only now remembering how much I like that subject
Hi
0
Q: $i_a = (i_b + i_c + 1)/2$ and $f(x) = f(x - f(x-1)) /2$?

mickConsider the set $i_0,i_1,...$ defined as $i_0$ is the smallest element and $i_0 = 0$. If $ (i_a - i_b)^2 < 1$ then $i_c$ is Also in the set and given by $$ i_c = (i_a + i_b + 1)/2$$ [*] Let $T(x,y)$ be the cardinality of $i_j$ Numbers in the interval $[x,y]$. Notice $1/2,3/4,7/8,...$ are all...

07:33
Any fun problems you've given when TAing graph theory? @Tasty
Well, it's graph theory aimed towards computer science (sadly), so not really I'm afraid :P
Like, the hardest exercises I've given so far are like
Prove that a graph with 5 vertices and at least one vertex of degree 3 must be planar
and, eh
Prove that the following are equivalent for a connected graph: G is maximal, G is a triangulation, e = 3v-6
Hmm
I see
The problems these students got were pretty slick
One wasn't even graph theory, find $f$ and $g$ such that $\lim_{x\to\infty} f(x) = \lim_{x\to\infty} g(x) = \infty$, $g = \Theta(f)$, and $\lim_{x\to\infty} \frac{f(x)}{g(x)}$ does not exist
What's the big theta mean? :O
Okay so, $f(x) = O(g(x))$ as $x\to L$ if there exists some constant $C$ such that for all $x$ sufficiently close to $L$, we have $|f(x)| \le C|g(x)|$
And we say $g(x) = \Theta(f(x))$
Now, if $f = O(g)$ and $f= \Theta(g)$, then $f = \Theta(g)$
07:48
Anyone willing to try my question ??
Hey @Mathei
08:20
Okay so I just want to make sure my argument for why groups of order 1001 are abelian isn't complete nonsense
So we have $H_1$ of order $7$, $H_2$ of order 11, and $H_3$ of order 13
Oh wait yup, it's wrong
Yeah I'm gonna have to resort to Sylow here, I've got no clue how else to proceed
yeah, you have to use Sylow
I dunno if we're gonna prove that in class by the time it's due, which is why I was hesitant, but I did a short expository paper a few years ago in which I proved Sylow, so I'll just cite that
08:48
Is it true that an abelian group of order pqr is cyclic?
Oh wait yeah that should be CRT
Actually didn't even need that
09:07
Is there a name given to numbers of form a + b√c
Where $a,b\in\mathbb{Q}$? I think that's sometimes called $\mathbb{Q}[\sqrt{c}]$ but don't take me on faith
Ok thanks. I had some notation ideas but this one looks like the best one.
09:48
@Daminark click on the sad face
@gian Think about an $i$-subspace and a $j$-subspace inside $\Bbb R^n$. What is their intersection?
If $M$ is a connected, oriented manifold and I know that $H^k(M, M \setminus K) \neq 0$ for some compact set $K$, does it follow that $H^k(M) \neq 0$?
🤦🏻‍♂️
blow up is good
10:08
@BalarkaSen terrorist alert
I don't watch anime though
195
A: Mathematical "urban legends"

Anna VarvakThis happened just last year, but it certainly deserves to be included in the annals of mathematical legends: A graduate student (let's call him Saeed) is in the airport standing in a security line. He is coming back from a conference, where he presented some exciting results of his Ph.D. thesis...

yeah i know about that
i was referencing the fact that they found anime among bin laden's files
o.O
Didn't know that
it's going viral on the meme corners
bin laden be like "Omae Wa Mou Shindeiru"
10:12
Bush and Osama tsundere yaoi art when
 
2 hours later…
11:54
is anybody in here :P
Hey!!

I am looking at the exercise:
At a tango course $12$ married couples participate. Find an appropriate measurable space and calculate the probability that exactly nine couples dance together.

Is the measurable space a 2-tuple $(\Omega, \mathcal{F})$, where $\Omega=\{1,2,3\ldots,12\}^2$, since we have 12 men and 12 women?

Or do we consider the $12$ men and the dance-couple assignment as a permutation, so $\Omega$ is the set of all possible permutations of the $12$ women, i.e., $S_{12}$ ? So, is $\Omega$ the set of all possible dance-couples?
for probability think of 12 men lined up, and 12 women to be setup in line, and opposite ones dance, so 12! different combination possible, now for exactly 9 to be dancing you have 12C9 for couples dancing and for the rest 3 you apply derangement
can i ask optimizations questions on math.stack or should i ask in cross validation?
But by 12C9, we get the number of ways to get 9 couples, or not? We don't get the number of probability that 9 men dance with their wife, do we? @avz2611
@MaryStar you divide that by total number of possibilities
basically (12C9*3!(1/2!-1/3!))/12!
12:06
Does it hold that
$P(\text{exactly 9 couples}) = \frac{\text{#permutations of 12 women with 9 fixed points}}{\text{#permutations of 12 women}}$ ?

It holds that $\text{#permutations of 12 women} = S_{12} = 12!$, right?
Does it hold that $\text{#permutations of 12 women with 9 fixed points}= 12C9*3!(1/2!-1/3!)$ ? Could you explain to me how we get that formula? @avz2611
how do you convert the tex in chat?
its tough to read :P
@MaryStar so my argument is this, i have arranged all men in order from 1-12, and now there are 1-12 vacant positions for women, so basically there are 12! arrangements possible. Now for exactly 9 couples, i am selecting 9 positions out of 12 that contain women with their respective other half, and other 3 not with their other half. so 12C9*derangement(3)=12C9*3!(1/2!-1/3!)
12:28
Quote: "Let $H,K,N$ be nontrivial normal subgroups of $G$ and suppose $G = H \times K$...."
Presumably I am suppose to interpret the equal sign as an isomorphism between $G$ and $H \times K$.
12:43
@avz2611 By 12C9 we have the number of ways to select 9 positions out of 12. How do we know that these 9 have their correct wife? Do we know that because we multiply the derangement(3) ?
13:00
@MaryStar the husbands are in their position so we just need to make sure the wives are in their position, lets just think of this as we are selecting 9 couples that are dancing together i.e 12C9
So, there are 12C9 ways to select 9 couples out of 12. The remaining 3 men have to choose the wrong woman. The number of ways is equal to #{(2,3,1), (3,1,2)} = 2, right?
Therefore, the number of of ways to get 9 couples and the remaining 3 people are with the wrong partner is equal to 12C9 * 2.
Have I understood that correctly? @avz2611
Hi everyone!
@MaryStar yep!
For the third day, I still haven't gotten my question answered, may I ask for your help, please?
2
Q: Gaussian and Mean Curvatures for a Ruled Surface

JamesWe are asked to prove the following theorem found in page 88 of Differential Geometry: Curves, Surfaces, Manifolds by Wolfgang Kühnel. Using standard parameters, calculate the Gaussian curvature and the mean curvature of a ruled surface as follows: $K = -\dfrac {{\lambda}^2} {{{\lambda}^2 +v^2}...

Can someone explain to me why the $\mathbb{Q}$-rank of the lattice $\Gamma = SL_2(\mathbb{Z}[\sqrt{3}])$ embedded into $G = SL_2(\mathbb{R}) \times SL_2(\mathbb{R})$ via $a+\sqrt{3}b \mapsto (a,b)$ on each of the four coordinates is one?
13:06
I wouldn't be asking if I knew...
I got it now!! Thank you!
Which is the measurable space?
The measurable space is a 2-tuple $(\Omega, \mathcal{F})$, where $\mathcal{F}$ is a $\sigma$-algebra on $\Omega$, or not? But what is $\Omega$ is this case?
Is it maybe the set of all the possible permutations of 12?
13:27
Grüezi mitanond
13:55
@user193319 or interpret $G$ as an internal direct product of $H$ and $K$
@anon Oh. I see. I am trying to prove that $N$ is in the center of $G$ or $N$ intersects one of $H,K$. Would the problem make more sense if $G$ were the internal direct product of $H$ and $K$?
it's not a matter of "we have to assume it means this to make sense of the problem," it's, "that's what the author means"
@abenthy I don't understand how that embedding makes sense. For instance, $$ \begin{bmatrix} \sqrt{3} & 2 \\ 1 & \sqrt{3}\end{bmatrix}]\mapsto\left(\,\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 2 \\ 1 & 0\end{bmatrix},\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1\end{bmatrix}\,\right), $$ in which case the first coordinate is not in $SL_2(\Bbb R)$.
@anon Well. I am not sure what the author intends. What I mean "makes sense" is, is the theorem false if we take $G=H \times K$ to mean one thing over another, since, presumably, the author wouldn't want us to prove a false theorem. So I think my question is relevant, especially since I don't know what the other intends.
@user193319 what you mean doesn't make sense, because internal and external direct products are isomorphic
it really doesn't matter. just do the problem.
@anon Okay. I didn't know that. But being isomorphic doesn't mean being equal.
14:05
which is why I told you what the author means is internal
in any case people abuse the equals sign all the time when two things are conventionally identified
@anon So then $G=H \times K$ can be sensible or senseless depending upon how you interpret it.
your hangup is senseless. do the problem, you're procrastinating.
@anon Oh sorry, i mean $a + \sqrt{3}b \mapsto (a+b,a-b)$.
@anon Okay. so $G$ being the internal direct product of $G$ means that $G= \langle H \cup K \rangle$ with $H \cap K = \{e\}$; and since at least one of the two subgroups is normal, $\langle H \cup K \rangle = HK$? Is this also called the internal weak direct product?
14:36
Should the mathematical questions be on math.se?
physics.se is waste of the time for this
i think they're answering theoretical questions because all questions I've seen had been put off-topic lmao
15:25
If $F = \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{d})$ is a real quadratic number field, why is $\text{SL}_2(F)$ a linear algebraic group? Whats is its embedding into $\text{GL}_n(\mathbb{C})$?
15:46
good morning
16:29
@bala
you know what happened today
I was talking to two girls, and at some point I made a joke about a meme or sth. and THEN
one of them started showing me illuminati videos...:P
and I just did not have the time to react appropriately to that
they were dying over illuminati jokes. but like, the most basic jokes ever:P
illuminati? what is this, 2005?
I had to get that off my chest
yes........ I know
we were watching a vid (me reluctantly) and they were crying with laughter
and then I showed them a zucc meme, and they were like 'haha that's funny'
they probably need 10 more years to appreciate it :P
zucc is p old too
16:32
ugh alright, some supreme meme then
supreme sheep
lol I didn't even mean it in that context
:P
Is the semidirect product different from the internal direct product?
@Sha old memes are only watchable if you mix it up with new ones
yeaa i agree
16:39
that's how crash bandicoot came back in the game
oh I never knew how to appreciate that one:P
but it doesn't matter,
because I have zucc memes now
Another question, is the Weil restriction $R_{\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{3})/\mathbb{Q}}(SL_2)$ isomorphic as a $\mathbb{Q}$-group to $SL_2 \times SL_2$?
he gained my respect when he responded to "are you a lizard":P
like, I was excepting him to joke about it, but he literally just burned the person:P
the zucc is just a weird person
he's not even a person..:l
16:42
he doesn't get humor other than fast and furious jokes
hahahahhahaha
ah man
what a legend
16:55

 Linear & Abstract algebra

For any discussion concerning linear, abstract or even element...
17:14
[Random]
A random ordinal:
$$\psi_{LVO}({}^{LVO}\Omega)$$
17:33
Quiet day
Problem: Let $\{G_i \mid i \in I\}$ be a family of groups, then $\prod^w G_i$, the external weak direct product, is the internal weak direct product of the subgroups $\{i_k(G_k) \mid k \in I\}$, where $i_k : G_k \to \prod G_i$ is the canonical embedding.
I don't see how this is true. Specifically, isn't $\langle \bigcup i_k(G_k) \rangle$ bigger than $\prod^w G_i$.
I could see $\prod G_i$, the 'regular' direct product, being the internal weak direct product of these subgroups, but not $\prod^w G_i$. What am I missing?
17:53
@MatheiBoulomenos mathei :D
Wouldn't $\prod G_i$ be the internal direct product of $i_k(G_k)$ rather than the weak one?
V.7
V.7
Hey all :)
I'm trying to find out what's wrong here ...
So ... as you see one person says it's an illusion, but I think he's wrong
0
Q: How to draw an object and rotate it in oblique frontal projection

V.7How to draw an object and rotate it in oblique frontal (dimetric) projection properly ? An illustration of projection: I've already made a program (Pascal with Graph unit) which does it, but I think that it draws an object incorrectly. program p7test; uses PtcCrt, PtcGraph; type TPixel ...

@Mathei turns out our class won't likely get to Sylow this week
So I think they expect the group of order 1001 business to be done without

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