In mathematics, a nowhere continuous function, also called an everywhere discontinuous function, is a function that is not continuous at any point of its domain. If f is a function from real numbers to real numbers, then f(x) is nowhere continuous if for each point x there is an ε > 0 such that for each δ > 0 we can find a point y such that 0 < | x − y | < δ and | f(x) − f(y) | ≥ ε. Therefore, no matter how close we get to any fixed point, there are even closer points at which the function takes not-nearby values.
More general definitions of this kind of function can be obtained, by replacing the...
In linear algebra, the Cayley–Hamilton theorem (named after the mathematicians Arthur Cayley and William Rowan Hamilton) states that every square matrix over a commutative ring (such as the real or complex field) satisfies its own characteristic equation.
If A is a given n×n matrix and In is the n×n identity matrix, then the characteristic polynomial of A is defined as
p
(
λ
)
=
det
(
λ
I
n
−
A
)
,
...
.svg){kind=link}