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21:00
Are you a regular in this room?
Yes or no.
@skill How's that relevant?
Maybe I should become smaller and smaller, even decrease in size the text I put on channel.
so much headdesk, this conversation is
@Semiclassical It's my fault only that I kept coming here. This is the only point.
He is a user, actively contributed to the math in this chat for more than a week, and is a mod.
I'd think that's enough.
21:02
It's called context.
@BalarkaSen Enough for what?
Anyway.
@skillpatrol That's utterly irrelevant. Expressing the opinion that huge messages create noise doesn't require much context.
@skillpatrol I don't see what you're trying to imply.
Knowing the various personalities in this room.
Also, you may or may not be aware that I've been a long-time spectator of this room.
@skillpatrol I think you underestimate my knowledge of this room.
21:04
You have to interact with people to get to know them pal.
::Enough said::
I don't think that's strictly true, and I think it isn't really relevant here.
@Danu What was that?
"@OFFSHARING No, I don't. I've seen your monologues before."
@TedShifrin Hi Ted.
Welcome to the drama.
Yeah, let's cut it out.
NOW please :-(
21:07
Balarka: You have serious math to be working on.
I am working on it!
@skull: @Danu is a friend. Stop.
@Semiclassical told me a cool theorem in dynamical systems.
Look, as long as I enter this chat I want to recommend some things: 1) if you don't know me, introduce yourself and greet me before saying anything else
2) don't talk about my mathematics if you have no idea about it and don't tell me what to do or not as long as I don't break the rules of the chat
3) if you wanna talk to me about my math, be polite and talk with me
@BalarkaSen yep, period three implies chaos
21:10
Btw, @BalarkaSen how old are you? Someone said 16; in that case I must congratulate you with your superior knowledge of math :P
I don't really know what chaos means there, but I was referring to period 3 implies every other period.
though i think i got at least one detail wrong. i forgot that, just as a fixed point can either be attracting or repelling, so too can a cycle. and the one that zero is nearby seems to be an attracting one
@TedShifrin D'aww, thanks!
@Danu: I am 51.
@BalarkaSen Really? That's a big difference from 16 :P
21:11
smacks @Balarka and his foot-long nose
so it wasn't actually a numerical issue on Mathematica's part. zero doesn't produce a 4-cycle, but it converges rapidly to it
please, what it mean: $I: W^{1,p}_0(\mathbb{R}^N})\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is rotationally invariant
@TedShifrin I was explaining the things that could go wrong with Newton's method, and gave $f(x)=x^3-x-3$ as an example
So you're not comfortable disclosing your age? That's fine.
Huy
Huy
@Vrouvrou: Which part don't you understand?
21:12
@Huy: is rotationally invariant
No, I really am 51, an Australian computer scientist.
and in doing so I realized that it gave a nice example of said result in dynamical systems
so i'm to blame on distracting him, I guess :P
Huy
Huy
@BalarkaSen: which is precisely the reason why people keep telling you to go bed earlier.
exactly!
21:14
another cool thing with newton's method in that vein, btw, is that you can use it to make fractals :)
Huy
Huy
BTW, I'm off to bed.
good night everyone.
Night.
The Newton fractal is a boundary set in the complex plane which is characterized by Newton's method applied to a fixed polynomial . It is the Julia set of the meromorphic function which is given by Newton's method. When there are no attractive cycles (of order greater than 1), it divides the complex plane into regions , each of which is associated with a root of the polynomial, . In this way the Newton fractal is similar to the Mandelbrot set, and like other fractals it exhibits an intricate appearance arising from a simple description. It is relevant to numerical analysis because it shows that...
Don't let mapping class groups bite.
Huy
Huy
I'm worried about mapping tori
21:14
Later pal
@Huy But those are friendly.
S^1-bundles. Friends.
Huy
Huy
we can discuss this some other time. next week.
Ah, @Semiclassical ... of course, doing it over $\Bbb C$ gives all the famous chaos pictures with Julia sets.
21:16
Urk, I meant bundle over S^1. Oh well.
i picked x^3+stuff because i wanted something whose second derivative vanishes at zero
and then decided on x^3-x-3 more or less arbitrarily
Right, hence the need for a (positive) lower bound on $|f''|$ in what Balarka's supposed to figure out.
FYI, @Semiclassic, this is Kantarovich's Theorem, which I learned from Hubbard & Hubbard's book.
@Danu I was lying earlier. I am 15, everyone here knows that. And don't know much math. Learning.
21:17
mmkay
what i'm curious about myself now (though I suspect there's not a nice result) is the rate of convergence to attracting cycles
Hubbard proves the Inverse Function Theorem using it (which I think is ridiculous), but it's interesting to get constructive bounds on sizes of neighborhoods, etc.
it's geometric convergence if it's just the case of a fixed point, but i dunno about cycles
I know not of this.
@BalarkaSen How'd you start studying math?
it'd have to be pretty delicate
actually, wait
21:19
I hated everything else. Didn't know what to do.
Off topic. Is the conjugate $a-bi$ of $a+bi$ the same type of conjugation that arises in algebra (gxg^-1)? If so, how can I express $a-bi$ in this form?
How does one get started? Or do your parents/other mentors know a lot of math?
if i want to consider an $n$-cycle, all I should need to do is take $g(x)=f^{(n)}(x)$ (nth composition, not derivative)
Can anybody recommend a great book on measure theory?
@TheSubstitute Nope, they're different.
Very abusive terminology.
21:20
and then the result for the fixed point case should apply once more.
@BalarkaSen I actually think I recently saw they're related.
In a HNQ on math.se.
I posted an answer there, yes.
not sure that's easy to address, since one has replaced a map with its nth composition, but it's a rather well-defined question
I don't really agree with other answers.
What does "agree" mean when you have theorems? :P
Your answer is the standard one one receives in physics.
@Danu I don't see any theorem relative the two.
C. Falcon's answer.
The one mentioned in the other ones just state Galois groups of different embeddings are conjugate.
21:22
So, I guess here's a more precise question: What information on $f(x)$ is required to infer appropriate bounds on the first and second derivatives of $f^{(n)}(x)$?
It has at least a relation between conjugation and complex conjugation.
Which cannot be said to be "wrong"
Yes, don't see why that means $a + bi$ and $a - bi$ are related to conjugation as in group theory.
@OFFSHARING bad mood? They pass pretty fast.
@BalarkaSen "Remark. The complex conjugation is a ring automorphism of C. The field conjugation defined above is thus a generalization of the complex conjugation."
From the answer
Now you're claiming those conjugate fields have nothing to do with conjugation in the group sense?
How does that relate to group conjugation?
21:24
Is that really true?
That'd surprise me.
I am not claiming anything. I don't see a relation.
hi @robjohn: Happy holidays
I mentioned other motivations in my answer below.
How's your Christmas so far @robjohn?
@Danu @Balarka: The conjugate fields have invariant subgroups that are conjugate.
21:25
^woop
By invariant subgroups I mean the subgroup of the Galois group leaving the subfield fixed.
What does conjugate field mean?
Galois groups of different embeddings are conjugate, yes
It's defined in C. Falcon's answer.
You didn't read it? :P
But not sure how that relates to $a + bi$ and $a - bi$
@TedShifrin Happy Holidays!! I am taking the next two weeks off. Actually from Dec 24-Jan 1, we must take Vacation or LWOP
21:26
@Danu You're not getting my point.
LWOP?
@robjohn: I'll be heading east to snow and ATL for about 3 weeks.
If $i, i' : L \to K$ are different embeddings, $Gal(i)$ and $Gal(i')$ are conjugate. This is standard fact (and what C.Falcon says)
But how in the world is it related to Galois conjugates?
Well, @Balarka, that use of conjugate refers to field elements (in the orbit of the Galois group). :P
too many conjugates :/
@skillpatrol Christmas is a few days off
21:28
Well, they are images of different embeddings of the quadratic extension?
@TedShifrin The questions asks whether they are related.
Hmm, no, that's not right. It's the same subfield.
Never mind. I withdraw.
Go back to chapter 6 :)
@Semiclassic @Danu: I prefer to conjugate verbs.
@Danu told ya, there's no apparent relation except vague hints.
21:29
Just to be clear, how many variations on 'conjugation' showed up in that conversation?
in particular, Slade mentions it's an abuse of terminology.
And then there are conjugate visits ... oh wait ...
i heard complex conjugation, galois conjugates, field conjugates
complex conjugate is a special case of Galois conjugate
group conjugation. $gxg^{-1}$.
21:29
@BalarkaSen I think that's not true, but okay.
I don't know any field theory in the mathematical sense.
So I can't meaningfully contribute or investigate this question.
sad that no one honored his bad joke with a groan
@Danu If you can give me a good reason, I'll happily stand corrected.
@Balarka: You're taller when you sit :)
i always find it funny how different in meaning the phrase "field theory" is for a mathematician versus a physicist
@TedShifrin What's a conjugate visit?
21:31
Don't even start with the abuse of the word "normal" in mathematics.
same word, but so very very very far apart in meaning
in spanish, "con jugar" means "to play together", so "conjugate visit" is appropriately named
@Balarka: it's really a conjugal visit
:) @Bungo
21:32
for that matter, conjugate group elements play together too
@TedShifrin You mean when some people think a space can be normal without being Hausdorff?
That's serious abuse, @DanielF :)
when i hear 'normal' my first instinct is 'surface normal'
annoyed by abuses
and vectors (two kinds of normal!) and probability distributions and ...
21:33
oh, and torsion.
normal subgroups of course
I think all the math haters are really right.
and operators
Yup @Bungo
"normal modes" is a physics one, though that's related to the vectors meaning
21:33
And families.
@TedShifrin You know what? Torsion makes sense. Torsion of curves measure how flat it is, locally. Torsion of groups are captured by Tor functor, which measures how much flat a module is.
Funny.
i always thought it was a bit mean to call some series subnormal
subharmonic would be a pretty harsh diss for a musician :P
haha
@Semiclassical Let them play standing on their heads, then they're superharmonic.
21:35
Ah yes, @DanielF and @Balarka
there we go
oh inverted world
Where's @Clarinet when we need him?
I should post my observation about torsion somewhere in MSE.
21:37
@DanielF: I see you're tangling with her highness the empress of the room.
"three things wrong with euler's formula?? math.stackexchange.com/questions/1582626/…
i have no idea what the OP is getting at
@Balarka: Be careful with flat in differential geometry. Literally it means zero curvature. You mean planar, not flat.
The margins are too short to write the errors down.
haha @BalarkaSen
@TedShifrin Fair enough.
21:39
@TedShifrin we used to call balarka his "highness" too ;-)
Nor I, @Bungo. It's not the OP, it's his instructor. It actually was not proved by Euler, so maybe that's one thing.
@skullpetrol I have evolved.
@skull: I don't remember that, but Balarka has turned into 80% human.
80% human? hah. HAH.
@TedShifrin Interesting, not proved in the sense that his proof was not rigorous by modern standards, or not proved in the sense that someone else proved it first?
21:40
80% human who has Chapter 6 to learn.
@BalarkaSen Still 20% Teenager. You gotta watch out.
Someone else proved it first, @Bungo. Let me check.
Ah, I no longer have that book. Hang on.
of course the list of things that euler did discover first is so ridiculously large that it barely matters
Cotes, I think, @Bungo.
Wiki says Cotes was 1714, Euler was 1740's (introducing the complex exponential).
interesting, i'm not sure i had even heard of cotes before now
21:43
Brit, I believe.
Cotes apparently was the first to discover Simpson's Rule, too. He was a disciple of Sir Isaac.
I have heard of Coates, but not Cotes.
@TedShifrin Yes
a student of newton's
Yup, disciple of Sir Isaac. :)
died at 33 of a fever, tough world back then
21:45
well, every winter we worry that Balarka may do the same ...
Are you referencing Ramanujan? :P
No, he's referencing me being sick.
(Balarka is Indian, right?)
@BalarkaSen Close enough.
And we have enough integrators here.
No need for more.
OK, I'm gone.
21:47
Bye.
Cyas
Hi @KarlKronenfeld
why hello
21:48
Hi
:-)
what're you upto?
You missed the fireworks ;-)
A lot of the juicy comments have been removed.
At least there was no suspensions, this time.
Chris'ssis got suspended.
In the past yes.
21:55
(s)he got suspended today, I mean
Not today.
@Danu Something you might enjoy: recall the fact about $Gal(i)$ and $Gal(i')$ being conjugate above? does this remind you of the basepoint changing in $\pi_1$?
[wink]
(removed)
@skullpetrol I checked his/her profile during the suspension.
just added a bounty on a question I put up
21:58
She doesn't get suspended that often @BalarkaSen but when she does, I can see it coming a mile away.
that integral still bugs me. i don't feel like the antisymmetry should just be accidental, but there's not an obvious mechanism
interesting question @Semiclassical, certainly it does not seem apparent from the integral expression
yeah. and while proving the stated identity certainly establishes the symmetry, it doesn't explain it (to my satisfaction, anyways)
oh one of ur post-deleted lines
nvm
@robjohn I'm very sad because of that. It's not my top research, not at all, but still, it was some stuff that I liked. It's not stuff posted here, it happened in other circumstances.
22:02
@TedShifrin , found this book preview with Roger Cotes books.google.com/…
Welcome @WillJagy :-)
@ForeverMozart Thinking about anything pathological?
i just got a $150 amazon gift card for an early xmas gift. what math book to buy...
oh yes. I still have a nice example but it is not what I really wanted. still thinking
hrm. it's still bugging me, so i guess i'll follow up on this
22:06
@DanielFischer I have nothing personally with you, just to know that. Nothing personally with anyone here, and it would be nonsense to have anything (like that - in a negative sense). I just don't like some things, no matter who does them.
@ForeverMozart Want to tell me a cool pathological problem?
@ted How complicated is a 'proper' derivation of $\partial F^*/\partial c = \lambda?$ (where $G=G(x)=c$ is the constraint and $F^*$ is the objective function $F$ evaluated at its constrained maximum)
@OFFSHARING That's okay. Just don't become aggressive when you don't like something.
can you take the knaster continuum and deform it in 3 dimensions so that its closure is decomposable?
@DanielFischer I'm just natural, and wrongly perceived as aggressive.
22:08
@Semiclassical Are you referring to the problem I and Ted were discussing?
I solved it. I was being a dope.
@OFFSHARING "I don't care your worthless opinions." is aggressive.
worthless is the wrong word.
@DanielFischer It was said in a certain context. It seemed to me he made fun of me talking about my monologues. That looked really like a worthless opinion. No generalization intended.
22:11
my handwavey explanation was that $$\nabla F = \lambda \nabla G \implies \lambda \dfrac{|\nabla F|}{|\nabla G|}$$ since both gradients are necessarily parallel
@Semiclassical The problem, iirc, was if $a = \psi(c)$ is a local extremum of $f$ rel $g = c$, then $(f \circ \psi)'(c) = \lambda$. That doesn't seem to match with your problem.
$\psi$ here is differentiable.
so many edits, ugh
What does "worthless" mean to you @OFFSHARING
relax people
3
@skillpatrol Of no importance to me in that context
22:13
That's not the usual definition
@ForeverMozart knaster continuum means the fan?
the buckethandle
@skillpatrol This is the meaning I know for it. You mean I'm wrong using it like that with this sense?
with the handwaving being that one can replace that ratio with $\partial F/\partial c$ since $G=c$.
22:14
worthless =/= costless
@Semiclassical See the right problem above.
well, I had the version in terms of Lagrangian multipliers in my head
@OFFSHARING i do think that callin ur declarions (monologues) is sorta disdainin, but sometimes u have to just let it go ...
You can prove this quite easily. $(f \circ \psi)'(c) = Df(a) \circ D\psi (c) = \lambda Df(a) \circ D\psi (c) = \lambda (g \circ \psi)'(c)$. And $(g \circ \psi)(c) = c$, so that is simply $1$.
and u did well
22:16
So you're done.
and i was mostly proceeding via geometric intuition. in that sense i do see the meaning of $\psi(c)$ as the line traced out by the critical point as $c$ is varied
it is hard to use that word "nicely" @OFFSHARING so yes, you were wrong, but I couldn't use "worthless" to mean something nice :-)
maybe a dumb question about domain names: if math.stackexchange.com, why not math.stackoverflow.com instead of mathoverflow.net
@skillpatrol You mean that between of no importance and worthless is a big difference? Worthless sounds tougher?
@Semiclassical And if you pushforward each $\psi(c)$ by $g$, you land in $c$, don't you?
22:18
mmm, true
@DanielFischer We have the linear mapping $T: \ell^2 (\mathbb{N}) \to \ell^2(\mathbb{N})$ with $T(x_1, x_2, x_3, \dots)=(x_2, x_3, \dots)$
I have shown that $||T^n||=1 \forall n=1,2, \dots$ as follows:

We notice that:
$T^2(x_1, x_2, \dots)=(x_2, x_3, \dots), T^3(x_1, x_2, \dots)=(x_3, x_4, \dots), \dots, T^n(x_1, x_2, \dots)=(x_n, x_{n+1}, \dots)$

Since $x \in \ell^2(\mathbb{N}), ||T^n||= \sup \{ ||T^n x||: ||x||_2=1\}=1$

But then I have to show that $||T^n x||_2 \to 0 \forall x \in \ell^2(\mathbb{N})$.
Yes, exactly @OFFSHARING
given the kind of room we're in, the word 'orthogonal' probably best captures what you were saying @OFFSHARING
Worthless sounds rude. @OFFSHARING
@ForeverMozart what does decomposable mean here? what does deform mean?
22:20
@skillpatrol Well, I only meant of no importance. Wait a second. Why should it sound rude?
Say what you mean @OFFSHARING
e.g. "Your opinions are orthogonal to my interests." but admittedly that sounds kind've weird
it's a connotation of the word worthless in english, i guess
{all the worthless opinions in $\Bbb R^n$} = $O(n)$.
@Semiclassical Ah, I see.
i.e. not just "not of relevance to my goals/interests" but "not of purpose to anyone"
22:22
@OFFSHARING are you insulting my self worth by calling my comments worthless?
@Bungo One thing is that Math Overflow was originally not part of the Stack Exchange network. It's still not completely part of it, the Math Overflow owners can leave again if they so wish.
@skillpatrol no no no. Wait.
You said worthless
@skillpatrol Not sure what you mean now. I said nothing bad to you.
@evinda Basically, that's the difference between pointwise and uniform convergence.
22:24
@Semiclassical This is clear now. That means that worthless takes any kind of value of a thing for anyone.
@DanielFischer It holds that $||T^n x||_2=\sqrt{x_n^2+ x_{n+1}^2+ \dots}$. How can we deduce that this converges to 0?
@OFFSHARING just avoid such "tough" sounding words :-)
@evinda What do you know about $$\sum_{k = n}^\infty x_k^2\,?$$
you people need to relax
22:27
@skillpatrol @Semiclassical It's like a worthless thing means that that thing is of no help, useless to anyone, right?
Something you might like to throw away or anything like that?
right, or that said worthlessness is attributed to the subject rather than just their opinions (or to the subject's opinions in general rather than just on that topic)
It's more negative than that @OFFSHARING
its ok relax
@DanielFischer I wasn't aware of that history, I knew MathOverflow came before MSE but not that it was separate from StackExchange originally. I am reading the Wikipedia article now. Amusing quote from one of the founders: "Mathematicians as a whole are surprisingly skeptical of many aspects of the modern Internet... In particular, things like Facebook, Twitter, etc. are viewed as enormous wastes of time."
22:28
i'd say that's about right, actually. the phrase 'worthless trash' sounds right to my ear
@DanielFischer That it converges to 0, while $n \to +\infty$ and that's why $||T^n x|| \to 0, \forall x \in \ell^2(\mathbb{N})$ ?
well, in truth, they pretty much are :P
as if no one ever wasted time on stackexchange :-)
LOL, I never had a facebook or twitter account
@evinda Well, do you know that?
22:29
i touch facebook like...once a month, if that
but mathematics is not a waste of time
@ForeverMozart Me either, but I figured that's because I am old
the point is, it's a productive waste of time @Bungo
being in MSE, I mean
i could see myself doing twitter for a specific purpose, but not as a social thing
@ForeverMozart I of course agree, but "waste" is in the eye of the beholder I suppose. I'm sure people who watch cat videos all day don't think it is a waste of time either.
@BalarkaSen It can certainly sharpen one's mathematical skills, but it doesn't earn us any money, so it is not productive in the economic sense of the word.
22:32
@OFFSHARING (Jumps in without looking back) It's an expression of one's own feeling that one suggests others should share. Calling person X's thoughts worthless suggests that in particular that person X should view these thoughts as worthless too.
ehh, that depends. there's a lot of stuff I do on the internet which i do consider to be an objective waste of time, and which i do mostly b/c my procrastination is pretty compulsive :/
compulsive procrastination is a neat little hell sometimes
@Semiclassical The internet is such a double-edged sword in that respect
eh, i'm not sure i can blame it on the internet. if it wasn't there, i've no reason to think i'd be doing something else
@KarlKronenfeld I see, interesting. I used that with the meaning of no importance.
@Semiclassical Without the internet, we might all be so bored that even work would seem interesting :-)
22:34
it occurs to me that another version of that ambiguity is "insignificant" versus "not significant"
at one level they're exactly the same, but they don't quite sound the same to my ear
@Semiclassical Procrastination isn't innately bad: you will often have fresh thoughts on nagging questions upon returning to them from some distraction. That's just not how people typically use the technique of procrastination!
ehhh
not to exaggerate it, but that way of understanding it strikes me as like comparing feeling sad to clinical depression, or being nervous with chronic anxiety
@KarlKronenfeld I should send those thoughts to the manager who emailed this to several teams on Friday: "Finally I would request everyone involved to be available to be responsive (phone/emails) and work over the weekend in order to get a consistent & cleaner build and also try those out in the lab. We are in an extreme crunch situation so weekend work is very much needed. Thanks in advance."
@skullpetrol are there some resources where the negativity of the English words are measured, assessed?
context and practice @OFFSHARING are your only guides :-)
22:37
@Bungo :D
namely that said comparisons, to me, pretty much discredit the speaker as not having experienced how profoundly disabling those can be
i guess there's a bit of a 'no true scotsman' paradox there, though
Yes.

For each $m,n$ with $m>n-1$ we have $\sum_{k=n}^m x_k^2= \sum_{k=1}^m x_k^2- \sum_{k=1}^{n-1} x_k^2$.
We fix n and let m tend to $+\infty$: $\sum_{k=n}^{\infty} x_k^2= \sum_{k=1}^{\infty}x_k^2- \sum_{k=1}^{n-1} x_k^2$.

While $n \to +\infty$: $\lim_{n \to +\infty} \sum_{k=n}^{\infty} x_k^2= \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} x_k^2- \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} x_k^2=0$. Right?
@skillpatrol lol, now I have practice after a real situation. However one might like to know some in advance about the negativity power of the words.
Anyway.
22:40
That comes from practice
@skillpatrol Well, you hardly know what the other feels when you tell some stuff (if you're not a native English speaker).
True
That's why familiarity with the personality of that person is important
@evinda A bit roundabout. But yes, the convergence of a series means that the sequence of remainders tends to $0$. So you have your pointwise convergence $T^n x \to 0$ for all $x\in \ell^2$.
@BalarkaSen You mean inner automorphisms?
Welcome back pal.
22:48
Who might that pal be?
Danu et al
:-)
til that pal is sometimes plural.
Pal et al
So you wouldn't qualify the others as pals?
At least relative to the Danu
@OFFSHARING Googling "define [term]" does it.
In the case of "worthless" it returns, for instance:
1. Having no real value or use.
2. (of a person) having no good qualities; deserving contempt.
22:52
@Danu In the conext with you I meant of no importance to me.
Then you should have used those exact words.
Well, I'm not sure 100% they cannot be replaced by each other. To me they sound approximatively the same.
They are not synonymous.
now i think my last answer is worth an attention since i backed it with a c++ program
You can look up synonyms too, on the internet.
22:56
@skullpetrol are you sure there is absolutely no situation when you can replace worthless by of no importance?
What do you mean?
@skullpetrol I mean a context where you can replace worthless by of no importance.

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