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04:00
@TedShifrin Oh, sorry.
Ah, I see, it's more or less the same argument posted in that thread
Oh, i took parallel lines joined by a thick bar at the top that (shrinkingly) goes to infinity.
I don't get what that means @Mike
Can you explain?
or @Ted
the cartesian product of $0$ with a line from $-\infty$ to $n$?
Embed $\mathbb{R}$ in $\mathbb{R}^2$; delete the bit $\{(-n,n)\}$ from the embedding
How's that closed?
04:02
Right, but does't that make it disconnected
or not because its finite\
The intersection is disconnected @Don
Err, how isn't it closed? I'm talking about the complement of that.
but $(z, 0) \cup (-z, 0)$ is disconnected!!
Oh.
Ugh.
That was silly.
@Mike: That's easily fixed though
04:03
Okay, delete an open box that gets progressively wider.
My $C_n = \{0,1\}\times\Bbb R \cup \Bbb R\times [n,\infty)$.
Just choose $(-n,n)\times (-1,1)$ and that works
That's clever, @TedShifrin
I like it better than just cutting the plane in two
Indeed, that's nice
I assume @Pedro resolved his quandary and I can go to sleep.
04:06
@TedShifrin I think I did.
I can consider the circle instead of the sphere.
What's your $R$?
The circle?
@TedShifrin Disk, sorry.
Yes, right. So the answer is ...
@TedShifrin I am doing it.
This is not unlike that ant problem in my book I tried to get you to do months ago. :)
NO @Green.
04:09
Over the disk, the field is $F(x,y,0)=(-x,y,4-x^2-y^2)$. Well, I do need to change the x ans ys too.
You've already applied Stokes to convert to flux across the disk.
@TedShifrin Yes.
What is the integral over the disk?
How is $R^2 - R$ an answer to my exercise?
It's the union of two separated sets
the negative side and the positive side
@TedShifrin Well, I need to do a few calculations.
04:11
What are your connected sets, @Don?
@Pedro: You're not thinking right. What is $dz$ on the disk, so what is the $2$-form?
@TedShifrin It is zero.
Right, so the flux across the disk is what?
So $(4-x^2-y^2)dx\wedge dy$.
Right ...
@TedShifrin A = \{y : y > 0\}$ and $B = \{y : y < 0\}$
04:14
@Don, your problem was about a sequence of nested connected sets. What are those?
I was puzzling over this the other day: What are the periodic points of $e^x$? It's not painfully difficult to see that it has no fixed points, but does it have any periodic points?
@TedShifrin I end up with $$2\pi \int_0^R (4-r^2)rdr$$
That cannot be right.
I think not @Mike.
I don't think so either, but it's not something you can brute-force like the fixed point case.
It's right, @Pedro, but once again you should think rather than compute.
04:17
@TedShifrin What should I think?
What $R$ maximizes that integral? What does that integral represent to a beginning calc student?
@TedShifrin I don't know.
(when does the integrand become negative)
What is $\int_\Omega f dx\wedge dy$ for $\Omega\subset\Bbb R^2$?
Hi @anon, you spoilsport :)
@TedShifrin I know the solution to this, I just don't know where you want to get at with "think and don't calculate".
04:24
What region maximizes the signed volume under $z=f(x,y)$? We discussed this months ago for my ant problem. :)
The level zero level set of $f$?
Right!
Well, the zero super-level set :)
@TedShifrin I mean... just take where f is zero, the "inside".
$\Omega=\{x:f(x)\ge 0\}$.
@TedShifrin Right.
04:28
OK, bedtime for me. Night!
@TedShifrin Byes.
@anon Do you have any suggestion to make this more "reader friendly"? It is just some algebraic manipulation, really. Maybe change $x^2x'^2$ to $(xx')^2$ to hint on the binomial?
urgh. Do not write it using pairs.
well, it is too late now :-)
but hiding the fact that numebrs are numbers cannot help!
@MarianoSuárez-Alvarez Point taken.
yo @Mariano, question for you
I just thought $N(x+\sqrt 2y)$ was a little cumbersome.
And I don't like $\sqrt 2$ to appear. >:(
=P
@MarianoSuárez-Alvarez I couldn't sort out the cyclic vector problem. =/
04:36
over here the constant from minkowski's is $(4/\pi)^{r_2}(n!/n^n)|\Delta_L|^{1/2}$. the bound I am familiar with is $(2/\pi)^{r_2}|\Delta_L|^{1/2}$. does the former one come from a different argument or something? it seems more powerful (esp. for big $n$)
Heh, Green's identities are cool looking.
@PedroTamaroff I think it'd be best to just go along with the hint than introduce norm maps
either way writing $x+\sqrt{2} y$ is better than tuples
What is $E$ and $H$ in $$\int\limits_C {Eds} = - \frac{1}{c}\frac{d}{{dt}}\iint\limits_S {HdS}?$$
@anon I'm seeing this formulation in Stewart and Tall:
Faraday's Law, it is.
04:41
@Mike yes that's where I got $(2/\pi)^{r_2}|\Delta_L|^{1/2}$ from
HBT p 190
err
anon, page 190
$|\text{N}(\alpha)| \leq (\frac{4}{t})^t \frac{n!}{n^n} |\Delta_L| \text{N}$ $(\frak{a})$
@Mike \frak a
Thanks
@Mike my page 190 is about kummer theory
What edition do you have
I have a chapter 10, computational methods
It's theorem 10.2 for me
04:43
ah, thm 10.2 indeed (it's 173 in mine)
Glad to hear you have it, I didn't want to have to read the argument...
I haven't had a math book in my possession in years.
:(
@MarianoSuárez-Alvarez Are you there?
I feel bad without my copy of Atiyah-MacDonald but I can't even imagine not having my mini-library
04:52
Try being a researcher without it.
Sometimes the internet doesn't have what you're looking for.
Yikes
What do you study?
I prefer not to specify.
Gotcha, sorry for the intrusion.
No problem, it's a natural question to ask.
@Zibadawa Why you don't like to tell?
04:55
Some people prefer anonymity and specifying your field makes it easier to break that.
Do you guys think you can help me with a problem in linear algebra?
Let's see
I already asked about, but I couldn't finish it.
I have to prove that $f:V\to V$ an endo over a fin dim vector space admits a cyclic vector iff C(f)=K[f].
Admiting a cyclic vector is equivalent to $m_f =\chi_f$.
Hey guys
I need to know....
you left your keys on your dresser
05:02
Why is this the last exercise in "Compactness" in Kaplansky: "Let $A$ and $B$ be compact subsets of a metric space, prove $A \cup B$ is compact". It's straightforward isn't it?
Am I missing something?
It's straightforward, yes
@DonLarynx What's your argument?
yes
@DonLarynx There is a difference between $A+B$ and $A\cup B$.
05:03
It's essentially the same idea @Pedro
apparently I downvoted an answer over there but have no memory of that thread
@DonLarynx Can you make your argument explicit?
take an open cover of A U B, pick finite ones for A and B, union them, finite cover for A U B
@anon Happens every time. =)
@anon: That doesn't answer my question.
05:05
@DonLarynx How so?
I was talking to Pedro
Because it's #17 it should be #1
my answer to your question above is the word "yes," as in yes it is that simple
@anon I know the argument, I wanted to hear Don's.
don's was inevitably going to be the same
05:06
@Pedro it's essentially the same as both @anon and the question i posted
it is really not that hard
Now I have to go through the trouble of typing, etc...
when you never even answered why:
It is #17 instead of #1!!
Focus. @Pedro
@DonLarynx What?
Why is it #17 instead of #1? Am I missing something insightful?
haha
@DonLarynx What are you talking about?
Why is this the last exercise in "Compactness" in Kaplansky: "Let $A$ and $B$ be compact subsets of a metric space, prove $A \cup B$ is compact". It's straightforward isn't it?
Am I missing something insightful?
05:09
I don't know,
It's just a standard exercise.
Would anyone care to hear a fascinating elementary observation related to perfect numbers?
I think you'd be crazy not to find it fascinating
@Pedro You may find this interesting. My algebraic number theory book decided it wanted to prove that the hypervolume of the parallelotope with edges given by n vectors (same as the dim of the space) is the det of the matrix formed by the vectors. It proved it by writing the vol as an integral of '1' over the parallelotope and then used change of variables.
but the change of variables formula is proved using the fact det(V) is the volume of the parallelotope!
Ok, what is it?
@anon Did the book collapse into itself?
@Jaycob feel free, but I'm crazy
05:12
It's well known that every perfect number is a practical number.
Numbers drive me crazy @Jaycob
@anon I maintain that geometry of numbers is boring as heck
Recently I observed that every multiply-perfect number appears to be practical as well
@JaycobColeman Practical meaning...?
05:13
Yep, I'm definitely crazy by your definition
save me a place in the insane asylum
Consider the sequence of integers $n$ such that $\sigma(n)/n=k/m$, where $\gcd(k,m)=1$ and $m$ is practical.
Then $n$ is practical. This is true for thousands of terms at least.
@PedroTamaroff I am now
It's a huge generalization of the multiply-perfect numbers
@MarianoSuárez-Alvarez Ah! I was almost leaving. It is about the cyclic vector thing. I could not sort it out.
I think I want to forget all of the number theory I learned this semester.
I'm in the middle of writing a few recommendation letters
let's leave that for next time, for otherwise I 'll never finnish this
(it bores me immensely :-) )
@MarianoSuárez-Alvarez OK.
what was the statement you wanted?
Hey, at least you're writing them!
I still need to harass one of my recommenders
05:17
@MarianoSuárez-Alvarez An endo f:V --> V admits a cyclic vector iff its centralizer are the polynomials in f. Here V is finite dimensional.
It implies the conjecture that every multiply-perfect number is even and much much more
@PedroTamaroff ok
@MarianoSuárez-Alvarez I already know the proof for cyclic => C(f)=K[f].
I need the other direction.
@PedroTamaroff Privacy and paranoia.
And I know I can equivalently prove C(f)=K[f] => m_f = X_f
05:19
I understand that, @Zibadawa
Here are the terms <10^6.
Scary story: a friend of mine posts on an internet forum completely unrelated to her academic career. Someone didn't like her, decided to find out her real name and such, and post tons of bad reviews on ratemyprofessor, spam the internet with their name and, well, connections you don't want to have with your name...
She's since pretty much stopped using the internet.
that's sad
yes
yeah.
05:26
i like to live my life dangerously, though
Mind giving me your SSN and credit card info, then?
Any interest? I want people other than myself know about this sequence, because it is most definitely significant. I'll be adding it to oeis soon enough.
it was a joke, a quote from austin powers
"I too like to live dangerously"
in any case, sounds absurd coming from the delet-o-matic!
lol
05:30
hey guys
i asked this question earlier but I want to know if I got the foward direction right. math.stackexchange.com/questions/571393/…
UC Berkely is in that list twice.
@user60887 yes, I saw your edit and upvoted
oh ok thanks
you essentially did what I was getting at in my comment
@Zibadawa didn't notice, that's pretty stupid lol
05:33
Several others are duped, too. Don't know why. Master's and Ph.D. programs considered separately?
I'd love to comment too but with Ethan's deletion spree I can't!
are you guys looking at statistics grad schools?
@PedroTamaroff are you perhaps looking into practical numbers?
@JaycobColeman Nope, into something else.
05:34
@Ethan I've heard from quite a few different people never to bother with USNews rankings for graduate school. Ask a statistics professor about active departments that place their students well, that sort of thing
are statistics grad schools competitive to get into if you want to get a masters?
@user60887 looking for undergrad schools actually, but I assume if there graduate programs are good so would the latter.
Okay, then, I redact what I said - if you're looking for undergrad schools, USNews rankings are a pretty safe heuristic
@PedroTamaroff. Shame. Well won't bother everyone further with it, but I recommend looking at the terms in the pastebin link I posted. The sequence is much larger than any known generalization of perfect numbers, which have been studied simply because someone noticed they had even terms. With the idea that the multiply-perfect numbers were practical (a set with density 0 in the integers), I sought out further generalizations with that property, and this is what I found.
and lastly regarding that same question if I wanted to show a specific had infinite order say $1+2\sqrt 2$ I can do so by the binomial theorem? Since I can show each time I multiply $1+2\sqrt 2$ its increasing?
05:49
@Jaycob try making your own chat room.
Maybe you'll interest people with similar interests
@DonLarynx I have found very few people aware of/interested in practical numbers.
It's fairly rare that a number theorist is interested in that sort of thing
what is a practical number?
Every integer less than a practical number can be represented as a sum of distinct divisors of the practical number
@MarianoSuárez-Alvarez You can write any of its predecessors as a sum of its (the practical number) divisors.
05:56
Pedro puts it better
I can see why people do not get that interested in them :-)
@JaycobColeman Missed distinct factors.
Else every number is practical!
@MarianoSuárez-Alvarez Turns out my problem is a theorem "The Cyclic Vector Theorem." hehehe
sure
everything which is true is a theorem!
and the negation of everything that is false
there are lotss of theorems :-)
The proof of the converse uses the decomposition of the transformation into the rational form, if that is the correct name,.
I doubt one needs that
05:59
@MarianoSuárez-Alvarez The proof is a little "ugly"
Yes, I think the same.
That is, they use we can write $A$ in blocks as companion matrices.
I'll go now.
Byes.
@MarianoSuárez-Alvarez The practical numbers are in a sense "dual" to the primes. You should not underestimate their significance.
well, I had never heard of them so I can guess that they are not immensely important
You would think that, but consider that they were only defined 50 years ago
Not enough is known yet to say
unless something useful has been done with them, it sounds like something very firmly grounded in the area of what is known as recreational number theory
which is not bad n itself, of course
but explains the fact that nunber theorists are not in a rage about them, say
What do you consider "useful?"
06:05
searching for "practical number" in Mathreviews gives 26 results
going from Srinivasan, A. K. Practical numbers. Current Sci. 17, (1948). 179–180.
to Pollack, Paul; Thompson, Lola On the degrees of divisors of Tn−1. New York J. Math. 19 (2013), 91–116.
the first paper is a one page pager. not many of those.
(3 of the papers have nothing to do with this, really)
of course, it may happen that next week someone shows that the Riemann hypothesis is equivaent to something or another relative to practical numbers and who knows
but the same can be said of impractical numbers, which are those whose digits in binary spell complete sentences of the Bible in ASCII
you get 26 results in mathreviews?
i only get 9
Actually I've conjectured that every highly abundant number other than 3 and 10 is practical, which implies that any counterexample to Robin's inequality is a practical number.
prove some theorems, write some papers
06:15
@Mike, "Anywhere=(practical number)"
ahhhh
i was searching by title
yeah, it looks like there are about 3-4 authors that publish on the subject
@Mariano I picked up Halmos, though I won't have a chance to look at it until January. It looks like a friendly exposition!
oh wow
I meant Hilton
Hilton-Stammbach, Homological algebra
ah
H&S is very very nice
it is not cozy, though :-)
there is a certain coldness to it
to get warmth, you should pick Maclane's book Homology and browse it a bit
Certainly better than Weibel, which I was also considering
06:25
it has tons and tons of motivation, historical information and what not
weibel's is difficult
it is not very introductory in spirit
even if it starts from the beginning
I know the category and module theory and whatnot needed to at least start it (from Hungerford), but I got turned off by seeing a diagram on every page within the first ten pages
(it has a great thing: it does spectral sequences very very early, and uses them along the way. I think that is a great idea)
diagrams are good, not bad
I don't like diagram chasing :(
that's a silly objection
it's still true!
I mean, I know I have to do it nonetheless
06:28
it's like saying I like to write but I do not like drawing the letter h
it's such a bland letter
:-)
gotta run now
ciao
See ya
 
1 hour later…
07:29
I'm alone!
The room is all mine again.
HAHAHA!!!
07:41
not any more :)
But,we can share it :)
I'm going to sleep, good night @mesel
Good night
Actually,here is morning :)
08:46
Morning!
Oh seriously?
09:00
Hello
@mesel good morning
@AlecTeal Can you help me with some thing?
09:15
Sure
I can try
@Babibu
0
Q: Convert 4-sat to 3-sat

BabibuI want to know in general how can I convert $4-SAT$ to 3-SAT. And I have a specific case that if you can help me optimize it to 3-SAT it will be greate. I want to do this so I be able to use sat solvers programs. $(C \lor A \lor D) \land (C \lor B \lor D) \land (\lnot C \lor A \lo...

@AlecTeal This is my question
09:37
@Babibu I probably can't help sorry, I don't know boolean algebra well enough to know even what SAT means
oh
ok
tnx any way
10:02
@DanielFischer please don't gie up
@AlecTeal Who's givin' up?
I dunno when nothing happens for a few minutes I fear someone just moved on.
@AlecTeal a) I'm slow typing, b) I occasionally have other things to do in between, c) chat.stackexchange.com/rooms/11557/…
I didn't say I wasn't needy :P
@AlecTeal So what about joining the chat room for that question?
10:12
Didn't you mean here?
@DanielFischer
No, @Alec, I thought the automatic room would offer less distraction.
11:11
Well I was try to self-study affine geometry.
Can you suggest me a good resource to gain momentum?
@Grobber, I don't know any geometry books I can recommend. I had a fabulous geometry teacher back in middle school, but I believe she is retired, elderly, and ill, if still alive.
okay thanks
What are its prerequisites?
 
2 hours later…
13:10
about question 483912 I asked from one user following: Where do you get this multivariable chain rule? Any references please?
Is there now that user?
 
4 hours later…
16:42
Are there any other constructions making use of quotients of free groups like the tensor product?
It seems like a hugely useful way to construct things, but I don't know of any others
16:57
O_O
:X
17:09
@EnjoysMath You could try lego
what's that?
lego my ego?
*eggo
Lego is a popular line of construction toys manufactured by The Lego Group, a privately held company based in Billund, Denmark. The company's flagship product, Lego, consists of colourful interlocking plastic bricks and an accompanying array of gears, minifigures and various other parts. Lego bricks can be assembled and connected in many ways, to construct such objects as vehicles, buildings, and even working robots. Anything constructed can then be taken apart again, and the pieces used to make other objects. Lego began manufacturing interlocking toy bricks in 1949. Since then a g...
OH, lol
Greetings
da dum tss
17:10
math constructions are way more important than lego constructions
@EnjoysMath You asked for other constructions. They aren't necessarily important ;)
Oh, the free group on leggos is too hard to understand
The fact that it says "manufactured by The Lego Group" cracked me up
What would be even better is if you took your legos out to a field
and got bitten by a field mice, a vector
you would have to buy a new set
17:14
OMG
Stealing a lego brick from one set to use in another can be the definition of homomorphism
@Chris'ssis sawadi ka
I am too distracted. Must revise Economics such that I can go to a good university and then study pure maths yay.
17:44
hmmm, I'd like to have a beautiful picture to illustrate the distribution of 2 double series on a table like chess table :-(
 
1 hour later…
18:58
@Chris'ssis
Hellollollollollo llollollo llollollo, llollollollollo!
@Chris'ssis $$ \int_0^{\pi/2} \sin 100x \sin 101x$$
@Alizter Hi
Helllo @N3buchadnezzar
@Alizter A somewhat strange question ^^ Do you remember an interesting integral similar to the trivial one above?
Not really no
19:48
@Nimza lots of lollos
@Charlie it's a famous song
@Nimza hmm...
Hi @Chris'ssis
@Charlie Hi
@Chris'ssis how are you?
@Charlie Not too bad. I'm working on a question. How about you? :-)
19:56
@Chris'ssis I'm fine, just a lot dizzy
@Charlie dizzy? Why?
@Chris'ssis I don't know
@Charlie did you check your blood pressure?

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