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7:00 AM
Can I tell what is A from "Let S={a,b,c}. Then f might be defined by f(a)={a,b}, f(b)={a,c}, and f(c)={a}."
 
Think of $f(a)$ as a convenient shorthand for "the set corresponding to the element $a\in S$".
 
Ok, but you asked me for what is set A, how do I tell what is set A?
 
So the condition $x\in A\iff x\not\in f(x)$ can be read as $x\in A\iff$ the set corresponding to $x$ does not contain $x$.
 
aside from the notation in math.stackexchange.com/questions/286459/…, is there a better way to write this in tex? i think it renders with too much spacing
 
So we systematically check the elements of $S$ and decide whether they are in $A$.
 
7:02 AM
i wrote it as $f(n) = \lfloor x \cdot 10^{-n+1} \rfloor \mod{10}$
 
@Sean Since $a\in f(a)=\{a,b\}$, we note that $a\not\in A$.
 
You meant we assign x to a value, which is a set that does not contain x?
 
@DanBrumleve the reduced modulo 10 opperator can be represented with the floor function
 
@Ethan i know the other answer covers that
 
o
 
7:03 AM
i just want to marginally improve what i already wrote :)
 
@Sean We assign $x$ a value through a given function $f$. $A$ plays no role in defining $f$.
 
I see that, just like arbiturarly saying "odd numbers are assigned to p, even numbers are assigned to q"
 
$A$ is a selection of points $x\in S$ for which the property actually holds.
 
ok.
 
also is there any way to express the floor function in a structured way in tex? the only way i know is \lfloor whatever \rfloor whatever but i would prefer to say \floor{whatever} which doesn't work
 
7:06 AM
@Sean Not only that, but any element $x\in S$ such that $x\not\in f(x)$ is required to lie in $A$ by definition.
 
extra whatever, whatever, lol
 
You meant a-->{a,b,c} is not allowed, for example?
since a appears in the set {a,b,c}?
 
Yes, if $f(a)=\{a,b,c\}$, then $a\not\in A$.
 
@Sanchez hey
Hmmm not quite sure if my solution here is right....
 
is sqrt(2) defined uniquely as a 10-adic or for that matter as a 2-adic? what are some of its trailing digits?
 
7:09 AM
hmm that a very strange way of choosing the set, A
why do we have the liberty to assume that?
 
@Dan, not defined. If sqrt2 exists, 2-adic valuation of 2 must b eeven.
 
@Sean We do have the liberty to assume $A$ exists. This is by the axiom of specification if you are wondering.
 
@Sanchez I have read through it again I think it is correct.
 
@BenjaLim, you are right.
 
@Sean In fact, $A$ does not exist but it is not because of the construction in this step. It is because we assumed $f$ to be surjective.
 
7:11 AM
@BenjaLim, easier way to phrase it is to use division algorithm like u did to claim that $q+1 \mid k$
 
@Sanchez Somehow I am troubled by the fact that I didn't really use $[K: F ] = 2$....
 
@BenjaLim, you did, u needed an element of order $q^2-1$ that covers every nonzero element.
 
@Sean that is the point of the proof, to show that the axioms of set theory are inconsistent by assuming that $f$ is surjective.
 
@Sanchez I think i get part of it, 2-adic valuation of 2 is obviously 1 but how to prove the implication?
 
@Sanchez ah ok.
 
7:12 AM
I understand that, but I don't think we have the liberty to choose how the function is mapped
Because we only find a specific instance, there exists, and not for all
 
@Dan, if sqrt 2 exists, $v_2(\sqrt{2})$ is an integer, then $v_2(2) = 2v_2(\sqrt{2})$ is even.
 
@Sanchez I have simplified it.
 
It just prove that "this mapping" is contradictory, but not the other ones.
 
@Sean That is correct, we are given a specific function $f$. The case I showed you was to give a feel for how $A$ is constructed, not to do it in the hypotheses of the proof (that would be impossible for many reasons).
 
oh okay i was confusing p-adic valuation and p-adic order
 
7:14 AM
@BenjaLim, I think you reversed the direction of all $\mid$
 
@Sanchez huh?
 
but i thought what you said is what the link said: ""
 
@DanBrumleve Yo, do you care to take a look at an epsilon-n proof?
 
@BenjaLim, $a \mid b$ means $b$ is divisible by $a$
 
@Sean I did not and could not define a surjective $f$.
 
7:15 AM
sure but beware i've never been any good at them
 
@Sanchez sorry wait I am getting tied up in knots
 
So now I am confused because it sounds like the proof from the link used a specific case, which is invalid to prove a for-all situation
 
Well, the rough outline is this:
I took the definition of the limit.
 
@Sanchez I have edited it :D
 
Then, I manipulated the inequality to produce $n>N(\epsilon)$.
 
7:16 AM
@BenjaLim, :)
 
@Sean It is a logically valid technique of picking any instance and working with it instead of working them all at once.
 
@Sanchez I always get mixed up with what $a|b$ means...
 
Then, I let $N=\lceil N(\epsilon) \rceil$.
And bingo.
 
@Limitless what are you doing?
 
@Sean Both argument forms yield a "for all" statement in the end.
 
7:17 AM
@BenjaLim Real analysis.
 
i think my ceil suggestion was a mistake
 
It seems logical.
 
@Limitless what is your question?
 
@BenjaLim, nice :D
 
post your whole proof maybe i can help then
 
7:17 AM
@BenjaLim Is the process I outlined how you prove a limit of a sequence?
 
@Limitless What is your question?
@Sanchez I did not do an Ethan when I deleted that :D
 
@peoplepower. Is it possible for you to write a "longer post" that translate the proof into somethign easier to understand for me
 
lol @BenjaLim
 
I feel so bad for wasting your sleeping time @peoplepower....
 
@Limitless can you phrase to me what you are trying to prove?
 
7:19 AM
@Sean No, it really is three steps. I cannot add in fake steps but maybe I can try annotating it.
 
@Sanchez hey
 
@BenjaLim Is the proof of a limit of a sequence as follows: Start with the definition of the limit of a sequence via the inequality, manipulate the inequality to get an inequality of the form $n>N(\epsilon)$, and let $N=\lceil N(\epsilon)\rceil$ to complete the proof?
 
@Sanchez do you have any recommendations for further study in representation theory?
 
@BenjaLim, I don't know representation theory, sorry.
 
Yes, please add some notes for me
 
7:19 AM
@BenjaLim, I think you know more than I do ;)
 
I'm asking if I understand the process.
 
@Limitless <<Is the proof of a limit of a sequence as follows:>> I don't understand this sentence.
@Sanchez I only know basic Lie theory (classification of irreps of sl_n) and schur - weyl duality.
 
@BenjaLim, that's something I should read again
 
If you can write some annotation for me on those 3 lines?
 
@BenjaLim, oh, only $sl_n$?
 
7:20 AM
@Limitless The process is not a recipe. Give me a concrete example and i'll show you how to deal with it.
@Sanchez yes.
 
@Sean For any function $f$ whose domain is $S$ and codomain is $P(S)$ we can define a set $A\subseteq S$ by allowing only those elements $x$ of $S$ which satisfy $x\not\in f(x)$ to be in $A$.
 
@Sanchez I can send you an expository paper I wrote if you're interested in this stuff :D
 
@BenjaLim, perhaps you may want to read about highest weight representation and things of $B,C,D,E$ type?
 
@BenjaLim Ok. How about $\lim_{n\to \infty}\frac{1-\sqrt{n}}{1+\sqrt{n}}=1$?
 
@Sanchez I know of highest weight theory for semisimple Lie algebras
@Sanchez I have spent too much time drawing the weight diagrams of $\mathfrak{sl}_3$
 
7:21 AM
@BenjaLim, nice. Then why do you focus on $A_n$?
 
@Sanchez We haven't really concentrated on types of Lie algebras/ their dynkin diagrams.
 
@BenjaLim, holy crap, I remember trying to do it like a month ago
 
@Sanchez trying to do...?
 
@BenjaLim, somehow I couldn't do it, there's always a computation mistake somewhere..
 
@Sanchez which representation do you want to draw the weight diagram for?
 
7:22 AM
@Sean Now, for any surjective function $g: S\to T$, if $t\in T$ there exists $s\in S$ such that $g(s)=t$.
 
@Limitless ok.
@Limitless Let $\epsilon > 0$ be given.
 
@BenjaLim, I wanted to figure out the irrep of $sl_3$
 
Then
@Sanchez of a given highest weight?
 
I agreee
 
@Sean We now assume the existence of a surjective function $f:S\to P(S)$. So we can construct $A$ as we did in my first note. Notice that $A\in P(S)$ the codomain. By the second note there exists $s\in S$ satisfying $f(s)=A$.
 
7:24 AM
@BenjaLim, i don't remember the theory, but I guess I roughly know what it is - so I try to write down what the going-up/going-down operators are etc. Perhaps this is the wrong idea.
 
@Sanchez ah you mean the raising and lowering operators?
 
@BenjaLim, yes
 
@Sanchez that only kinda makes sense when you deal with $\mathfrak{sl}_2$
because your weight diagram is 1 - dimensional
 
@BenjaLim, I see. $sl_2$ is the only case I'm familiar with, so perhaps I'm wrong :P
 
Now with $\mathfrak{sl}_3$ the weight diagram is two - dimensional.
 
7:26 AM
I'm aware of that
 
@Sean Finally, we ask whether $s\in A$. Firstly, if $s\in A$, then $s\not\in f(s)$ by definition of $A$, but $f(s)=A$, a contradiction. Otherwise, $s\not\in A$; hence $s\in f(s)$, but again $f(s)=A$, so $s\in A$, a contradiction.
 
why does A belong to P(S)? I thought A is a subset of S?
 
Also there are not just $X,Y$ and $H$.
@Sanchez $\mathfrak{sl}_3$ is 8 - dimensional!
 
@BenjaLim, but is there any difference?
 
@Sean $P(S)$ is notation for the set of all subsets of $S$.
 
7:26 AM
@BenjaLim, yes.
 
@Sanchez in the sl_2 case your lowering operator was $X$, raising was $Y$.
 
@BenjaLim, I remember there are some that raise one index and lower the other one, etc
 
Oh~~
 
@Sanchez that is correct.
 
Sorry, I think I forgot to mention that. :(
 
7:27 AM
IIRC the ones above the diagonal lower it, the ones below the diagonal raise it.
 
@peoplepower, I'll take screenshot of your annotation and study it
 
@BenjaLim, I don't know how they are called, so let me still call them raising/lowering operators
 
Thank you so much
 
@Sanchez well you can have a decomposition of $sl_3$ as:
 
@Sean You're welcome, I hope it helps!
 
7:27 AM
I don't want to bother you too long anymore consider its almost 2AM
Yes it does
 
Cartan $\bigoplus$ positive roots $\bigoplus$ negative roots @Sanchez
 
Appreciation from Champaign, Illinois
 
@BenjaLim, how is CSA defined?
 
from an international student
 
@Sanchez ok there is not just one.
 
7:28 AM
@peoplepower
Thank you so much :}}
 
@Sanchez But in the usual case people take it to be the subspace of diagonal matrices whose entries sum to zero.
 
@BenjaLim, so what are they supposed to be? How are they different from maximal toral subalgebra?
 
@peoplepower Good night and thank you!
 
@Sean Good night. If it is late where you are too, maybe sleep on it.
 
@Sanchez Hmmm I'm not quite sure about that.
Oh but wait
 
7:31 AM
Thank you, I'll catch some sleep after I figure this out. Good night @peoplepower
 
@Sanchez if you know about compact real forms
Suppose $\mathfrak{g}$ is a complex semisimple Lie algebra
 
@BenjaLim, what would be a compact real form for $sl_n$?
$SU_n$?
 
yeah why not?
 
this math.stackexchange.com/questions/13054/… never got a satisfactory answer
 
Just checking
 
7:33 AM
@Sanchez I think you meant $\mathfrak{su}_n$
the Lie algebra of $SU(n)$
 
Sure
 
@Sanchez I can send you an expository paper if you would like to read about Schur - Weyl duality
 
Just to make sure, compact real form of $L$ = Lie algebra of compact Lie group whose complexification is $L$? Is there other characterization of that?
Sure,
 
is there any more general conjecture related to that question?
 
@Sanchez it's a subalgebra $\mathfrak{t}$ of $L$ with the property that $L$ is the complexification of $\mathfrak{t}$ and
$\mathfrak{t}$ is the Lie algebra of a simply connected Lie group.
 
7:35 AM
@Sanchez if you do not remove that message Google will index it.
 
Thinking about it a bit more, is there any reason you cant just use maple/mathmatica to calculate it to a decimal place or two? — remus Dec 19 '10 at 19:18
What?!
 
@Dan, thanks
 
@Gustavo that person's answer is wrong
 
@Sanchez sent.
 
7:37 AM
@BenjaLim, thanks!
Oh, Amitesh Detta is also in ANU? @BenjaLim
 
i'm imagining generalizing away from $e$ to some extent while preserving the idea of iterated powers. e.g. if we have some finite set of somehow unrelated (?) reals, can we show that any finite power-tower comprised of them is not an integer?
 
@DanBrumleve How would that help with stacking a few instances of $e$, or are we assuming $e^{e^e}$ is irrational?
 
@Sanchez yes :D
@Sanchez He's very pro :D
 
@BenjaLim, I see. His answers on MSE are very impressive.
 
@peoplepower since we can't answer the quesiton of e^e^e^79 we can't answer any generalization either, but i wonder what would make a plausible conjecture?
 
7:41 AM
@Sanchez true
 
(shouldn't have said "can we show" since the answer is no so far)
 
@BenjaLim, I see.
 
@Sanchez And he is very humble too.
That's what I love about him he's not showy or anything.
Really nice guy
 
@BenjaLim, is he in your year?
 
@Sanchez He was out tutor for Algebra 3
 
7:43 AM
@BenjaLim, wow I see.
 
@DanBrumleve Maybe something about permuting "independent" numbers within a tower does not affect irrationality.
 
@BenjaLim, haha.
 
i guess the question is what is "independence" in the power-tower sense
 
wasn't the kind of dickhead to penalise people unnecessarily.
 
lol
 
7:44 AM
Yes, I was thinking of using that to define them, if it was sufficiently natural, of course.
 
@peoplepower seems fair :)
 
@Sanchez how did you get so pro?
@Sanchez I'm not sure if I'm ready to start algebraic geometry...
 
i'm hot because i'm fly
you ain't because you're not.
but i'm definitely not ready for algebraic geometry :(
 
@DanBrumleve you were referring to me above?
 
@DanBrumleve What I would want is the ability to define overall independence in terms of pairwise independence.
 
7:47 AM
just riffing on your comment
 
@BenjaLim Why not?
 
@GustavoBandeira you don't know the background needed/ mental preparation for such study.
 
@BenjaLim, I'm not pro at all...
 
was singing that song a lot last week youtube.com/watch?v=TwyE3WJ4AWo
 
@BenjaLim, ask professors. Also, try to see if you can get others to read with you.
That would be helpful for algebraic geometry
 
7:48 AM
@Sanchez that's the thing :D
Not many peers
@Sanchez but a good handful of algebraic geometers
@Sanchez even this senior guy in our department Amnon Neeman was a student of Mumford .... WOW!!
 
@BenjaLim, if you have like 3-4 people doing a study group together that would be pretty good
 
@Sanchez that was how we did our algebraic topology assignments last semester
 
@peoplepower i wonder if the needed relation is even transitive
 
@BenjaLim, pity that Mumford doesn't do AG anymore haha
 
@Sanchez yeah
@Sanchez also I don't think any of my peers are ready to study AG
@Sanchez I was thinking maybe of starting only after complex analysis.
 
7:50 AM
@BenjaLim, Amitesh?
 
@Sanchez He's read Qing Liu
 
wow
 
he's way ahead :D
 
He's really good.
 
@Sanchez his knowledge is impressive
very impressive
 
7:51 AM
@BenjaLim, I think it's really better to read some Riemann surface before starting abstract AG
so if you don't know complex analysis yet, perhaps do that first
 
@Sanchez I think if I started with Fulton's algebraic curves
I have all the prereqs in comm. algebra.
 
@DanBrumleve Me, too. It sounds like any useful definition is guaranteed to be unhelpful because of how nasty it is.
 
@Sanchez That was the reason I studied comm algebra because it would allow me to branch into AG or ANT.
 
@BenjaLim, maybe my memory is faulty, but I think Fulton's book is on complex algebraic curves aka Riemann surface?
 
@Sanchez not sure.
 
7:53 AM
@peoplepower i would think that e^pi^e^pi^79 is not an integer also but that is veering into philosophy
 
@Sanchez how did you start with AG?
 
@BenjaLim, of course it never hurts to study commutative algebra first
 
e^pi-pi is suspiciously close to 20 but that is just superstition maybe
 
@BenjaLim, oh, I was a dumbass.
 
People tell me it's a sin to start CA solely without any AG.
 
user19161
7:54 AM
Hey @math how is your studying coming along?
 
Its coming
lol
I get tired from studying
 
@BenjaLim, I started with A-M and hartshorne at the same time
 
@Sanchez wow that is hardcore
 
user19161
@math101 Nice new heart!
 
You like it?
 
7:56 AM
@BenjaLim, the problem being, I had very little intuition about the whole subject.
 
user19161
@math101 Yes.
 
hahahahahaha
 
@BenjaLim, so it didn't go well, which causes my shaky background in AG now.
 
I found it on my comp and thought it was cute
 
@Sanchez My sort of wish to study AG atm is in order to see how it's used in number theory.
 
user19161
7:57 AM
@math101 Anyway, you should get back to your books. Bye!
 
I should get to bed
Its 3 am
:)
 
@BenjaLim, well, perhaps you can read something else first for that
 
user19161
@math101 OK, go to bed then.
 
@Sanchez which book?
 
Bye Jason Take care
 
7:58 AM
@BenjaLim, say elliptic curves, or abelian varieties
 
@Sanchez references to start?
@Sanchez I'm a bit afraid of being a full - time AG guy because I'm told there is an overpopulation of them.
 
@BenjaLim, Silverman's The arithmetic of elliptic curves
 
do I need complex analysis for that?
 
@BenjaLim, no. You would need a little AG, which is the subject of the first two chapters
 
ah ok.
 
8:00 AM
He does it from the algebraic side
 
Damn no wonder I was told by Jim that complex analysis is the center of the universe
 
lol, not exactly, but it's just too basic
 
hahahahahaha
This Riemann Roch or whatever it is
is supposed to be very important
 
Yea
 
@Sanchez do you listen to this ?
 
8:03 AM
"The uploader has not made this video available in your country."
:/
 
must have been a downloader :)
 
@Sanchez the song is ONe love by Blue
 
@Dan, lol
 
@BenjaLim I listen to that.
 
You're my man
 
8:05 AM
Yo.
 
@peoplepower thanks for the insights
 
@Sanchez Maybe I should start with that.
 
@BenjaLim, the song sounds good.
 
@Sanchez what do you listen to?
 
Y did u delete that?
 
8:08 AM
@BenjaLim, usually not English songs. @Ethan lol
 
@Sanchez porque no los dos?
@Sanchez I should go now.
@Sanchez talk to you later!
 
@BenjaLim, my nickname online doesn't mean I speak spanish :P
ttyl
 
@Ethan "sound": I prefer to ignore sounds, particularly the quiet, commonplace and unhelpful sounds.
@DanBrumleve No problem, though I might not agree that they are insights.
 
Your name is Sanchez so you clearly must speak spanish
 
well, you separated definition from conjecture and that was helpful
 
8:14 AM
If you register as Jean are you French?
 
i am a roaring lion
from germany
 
Yes
 
@DanBrumleve Ah, the heuristics.
I am a man/woman of all nationalities.
 
ueber alles
 
Why can't we all have one language?
 
8:18 AM
warum nicht alle?
srsly why the meta debate about english only?
math is one of the easiest subjects to translate
in what sense is english the official language here?
i think it would be okay for anyone to post in their native language... someone else could edit to provide an english translation
 
It says it in the Etiquette guidelines, but I don't really mind
 
o
i wonder if that's the right policy
lots of questions get misinterpreted because of that apparent constraint
e.g. @pedja math.stackexchange.com/users/15660/pedja took a lot of possibly unnecessary flak
 
Hmm.. Would answers in a non-english language be more helpful but get fewer upvotes?
 
@peoplepower i guess yes to both
but upvotes aren't as important as helpfulness :)
i was able to understand some original de la Vallée-Poussin even though i don't know any french
 
Holy cow my ass is on fire!
Damn spine!
 
8:29 AM
lol
now lemme get this straight...
 
No more assholes for you?
 
sorry
i meant it
i remembered this @pedja question math.stackexchange.com/questions/64697/…
dude took a lot of abuse for his english skills but managed to become a valuable contributor
 
Excellent!
Yes, plenty of backstabbers around here.
 
i hope i was encouraging to him but i'm not sure
 
To stab someone in the spine? I beg you pardon?
 
8:39 AM
i guess it would be better for people to post in whatever language with which they can best communicate to the public
nono call me in the morning i'll tell you what to do :)
 
Alright.
I think they should try in English, but that the 'public' should understand it is not the native language of most people.
Especially the complainers usually know much less languages: only English, as if that is the epicenter.
 
any european language would be a middle ground of sorts
language-specific sites would seemingly be too divisive
but i guess we are already suggesting/requiring english
great for me because that's all i know :)
 
@DanBrumleve Actually that is not entirely good. Anecdotal evidence suggest that it is better to speak in a language that the the listener can understand rather than the language the speaker can speak in, as the "guessing" is much more improved. For example, I would rather have someone say to me that a function is going up from 4 to 5 in reals rather than saying that the function is monotonic on the interval [4,5] in french.
which google translate says in portuguese is "A função é monotónico durante o intervalo [4,5]"
The listener and the speaker have the same context, and it is the listener who wants to connect the dots. It is better for him to connect the dots in the language he is a master in.
 
@Orange that is a good counterpoint. but we shouldn't discount the value of bilingual users who might edit english translations into questions... i'm imagining in that situation the gap might be bridged more easily than with the current monoculture
 
@DanBrumleve I was going to write exactly that!
"However, one another factor that I missed is the fact that someone really good in both languages can "translate" the post into English. "
But then, instead of separate sites, we should have separate "language tags" and like close votes, it should be ensured that all posts with language tags other than english are translated into english. It should be responsibility of the "language editors".
 
8:55 AM
you say tomato, i say tomahto
 
@DanBrumleve yes. I know you said exactly that, I just wanted to say, that I wanted to say it too.
 
i have to order "OJ" because i can't do a glottal stop between the j j in "orange juice" :( that is my pain.
oranjuice what?
and my "j" sounds like "ch". my favorite fruit, i just can't say it aloud :(
i think language tags is a good idea
is the set of all things that are not defined by their own color defined by its own color? i don't know but i'm sure it is delicious.
what rhymes with orange?
"Erdős"!
 
9:40 AM
gnight math peeps
@Jonas my comments were insensitive i hope you took no offense
 
l8s oranchdude
 

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