So I commit a crime (steal from you), and via some loophole you get your hand cut off (because that is the punishment for stealing)?

@SpaceLizard, that reminds me of the Magdelene Laundries here in Ireland - except the women locked up in those weren't even formally charged.

inverse Taliban law? @J_F_B_M

I'm not sure if this is true, but I heard that in ancient Sparta, during the boys' training as warriors, one of the tasks was to steal from a house. If the boy failed and was captured, then he was beaten by the house owner, not for breaking in however, but rather for failing to escape with the loot. I didn't play DF, but I imagine sth like this could happen here: if somebody robbed you, then you are the guilty one, because you are so weak. We don't need weaklings. We punish them. The idea certainly needs expansion though, so I'm putting is as a comment, not an answer.

Maybe a caste system: in the real past, falcon caretakers were responsible for the birds in their care. Women are blamed for being raped: in the Christian Bible it is described that both perpetrator and victim are punished in some situations.

Taking nude selfies while underage is illegal in the US, so the criminal is the same as the victim that the law tries to protect.

This is already easily possible in the real world, as @PerAlexandersson also indicated. However, in the Netherlands, if you get assaulted and fight back, there's a good chance you yourself will also be prosecuted for assault.

In North America, a man who reports his wife to the police for domestic violence against him will often be arrested.

A person with certain security clearances or licensed to possess certain items will be charged in most cases if that information or those items are stolen from him or her.

@StephanBijzitter Not quite... Sort of... (I'm Dutch) Basically if you use violence in self-defense or to defend your property (say you catch a burglar in the act) you can be prosecuted for that violence, but as long as it is proportional (e.g don't keep beaten the guy after he surrenders) you will be acquitted. In most cases it doesn't even get to court. The charges will be dropped. Famous case last year: Jewelers wife shoots one of the robbers (dead) that is threatening her husband with a gun. She got charged for manslaughter and having an illegal gun. Walked on the 1st, got fined for 2nd.

You get that kind of thing in the real world, in certain countries which follow the ... ahem ... law of peace aka word of god ... or something like that.

@SpaceLizard: Bad example. The rape is probably not considered a crime but the woman’s seducing and flaunting (not my opinion, just a viewpoint) is. As in “She obviously wanted to have sex, she was flaunting herself in an unlawful way and that poor man just couldn’t help himself!” (this convenient argument even allows the husband to blame the rape-victim for adultery)

A number of years ago, a burglar fell through a skylight as he was attempting to steal floodlights and successfully sued for damages: link

@SpaceLizard. This has been explained in an article that I cannot now find. Under Sharia law, rape is illegal. Adultery is also illegal but needs four witnesses or a confession. In misogamist countries, rape is not recognised so a woman reporting rape is treated as confessing adultery or extra-marital sex for which she can be prosecuted. Unless the man also confesses or the woman finds four male, Moslem witnesses, he cannot be prosecuted.

Some gun-banners want to make you liable if your gun is stolen and used criminally.

Homeless are also afforded the courtesy of being arrested for all sorts of laws specifically designed to prosecute them out of the cities they hope to find refuge in. This is not a "what if" question. This kind of thing already really does happen.

Those are so called "quality of life crimes". Every great and generous society should have them [end snark].

During the slave days in America, a slave who escaped was guilty of stealing themselves from their master.