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00:46
Hi! Good Morning everyone!
"Our memory is linked Memory, the stronger the links, the stronger the memory becomes" is this sentence correct grammatically?
"No matter whatever you do, you'll surely get failed" is this sentence correct grammatically?
"Whoever you talk to, I don't care." What about this ?
 
2 hours later…
02:32
Good morning.
McDosa to go http://bbc.in/2iFB7tY
 
1 hour later…
03:52
> Monoclonal antibodies for human use are immunoglobulin-based drug products or drug products containing a fragment of immunoglobulin with certain specificity, which are produced by one cell clone.
I think it's better to write "by a single cell clone"
Ugu
Hi cowper and Demk. T
 
2 hours later…
06:34
> Today these drugs are most actively used in oncohematology and treatment of solid tumours and autoimmune diseases. (I think there must be and in the before "treatment")
06:56
As treatment for...(imo)
Or of
07:54
thanks!
> All the studies should be directed at identification of potential differences between a biosimilar DP and a reference DP, and on assessment of their significance (being there such differences).
Is this an acceptable form? I would have written "should there be such differences" or "if there are such differences"
08:08
0
Q: "being there such differences" - is this an acceptable turn of phrase?

CowperKettle All studies should be directed at identification of potential differences between a biosimilar drug and a reference drug, and on assessment of their significance (being there such differences). Is this an acceptable phrase? I would have written "when such differences are detected" or "should...

08:42
> Alternative 2 does not allow building new permanent roads to support other resource objectives.
@snailplane - is this does not allow building wrong grammatically, since it's objectless?
08:58
I remember that we should not use allow just like that, without "us" (allow us to..)
09:21
> A biosimilar drug should be similar to the reference drug in physicochemical and biological terms. Any observed relevant difference would have to be interpreted, since it could contradict the biosimilar principle.
I think this "would have to be" is wrong. Because it presumes that the "finding of a difference" is counter-factual or unlikely.
 
1 hour later…
10:26
@yubraj Hi!
@CowperKettle I'm not sure about the context (for example, who will do the interpretation?), but maybe it's okay if we read this would have as hypothetical, I guess.
@CowperKettle Hmm... but isn't some plan/rule/law doesn't allow something fine?
Then again, I don't like that to support ... phrase much.
@CowperKettle Interesting!
Good evening all
:)
Good evening!
Finally get to put my feet up and surf the net for my own purposes :)
Yay! :D
2
Q: "Could you...?" vs. "Were you able to...?"

user212937I understand the difference in use between 'could' and 'was/were able to' to refer to a specific achievement. I was able to attend the meeting yesterday. He actually attended the meeting. I could attend the meeting yesterday. He had the possibility to attend, but we don't know wheth...

This one needs a good answer, I think.
10:51
Unless I'm mistaken, one refers to a single event
the other to a more longstanding ability
In question from though, I think they may be interchangeable, but I would need to check...
nods -- My intuition says it should be interchangeable as well, but I don't have any reference.
11:11
apparently, we use either can or was/were able to with some stative verbs (see, hear, feel, taste) to talk about an ability related to a single event
which makes sense to my ear
would have to be... would need to be....must be..... I'm with djna on the necessity element here. But there is also a future task involved, and "would have to be" is better suited to expressing that than the simple modal should or must. — TRomano 40 secs ago
Turns out "would have" is okay
11:41
@DamkerngT. I just recall that Snails said that "allow" should have "us" or some other object
@CowperKettle Yay!
@CowperKettle nods -- I wonder when. I can't remember that, though.
12:17
The narrative tense in novels doesn't have to reflect the time from the reader's point of view. It's from the narrator's point of view, and the writer can choose to do that in any tense they see fit. This may not be the reason of the chosen narrative tense in your book, but the narrative present is gaining in popularity. Wolf Hall, Hunger Games, Fifty Shades of Grey all employ the narrative present, just to name a few. — Damkerng T. 4 mins ago
I think know how English tenses work in different registers is a must before a learner should immerse themselves in reading.
You are reading a summary of the plot. It is conventional to use the present tense when reporting what happens in a work of fiction. — TRomano 1 min ago
Hmm... but is it a report of what happens in the original novel?
I don't think grade reading books are supposed to be reports. They're more like simplified stories to me.
@TRomano With all due respect, grade reading books and plot summaries aren't quite the same thing in my opinion. — Damkerng T. 30 secs ago
So I made my comment.
13:19
Must we always set off "for example" with commas?
> The principles described here also apply to other kinds of drugs, like, for example, immunological drugs.
Actually, IIRC "; for example," is more advisable.
In that sentence commas are OK.
However, "like" and "for example" look informal and pleonastic when together, in my opinion.
13:39
No, I remember incorrectly and I'm in the wrong. Use a semi-colon when it introduces a new independent clause. Use commas when you're simply listing. chicagomanualofstyle.org/qanda/data/faq/topics/Punctuation/…
 
1 hour later…
14:55
Split screen feature on Google N
On top chat app, and down the main ELL QA site.
Nice! :D
0
Q: Can we use definite article before uncountable nouns?

AhmadSorry if the concepts relating the definite article are such volatile! Which articles (definite, indefinite, zero) can and can't be used before uncountable nouns? For example: The data extracted from a node (correct, right?) A data extracted from .... (incorrect) The tea was delicious (right?...

The rate of my "what the!" per minute went through the roof reading answers in that question.
I have no idea how to remedy it.
15:27
0
Q: Meaning of "Unlooked for joy in that I honor most" in a sonnet by Shakespeare

CowperKettleShakespeare: Let those who are in favor with their stars Of public honor and proud titles boast, Whilst I, whom fortune of such triumph bars, Unlooked for joy in that I honor most. Great princes' favorites their fair leaves spread But as the marigold at the sun’s eye, And in them...

@StoneyB, a task for you
15:38
You can say: "the value is assigned to the variable" or "the variable is assigned the value" with no difference in meaning (or the reversal of the assignment operator; assuming variable = value to mean variable <- value). — user2684291 23 mins ago
@user2684291 Then what I was looking for is "the variable is assigned the value" without "with". right? thank you! — Ahmad 15 mins ago
I don't think there's anything inherently wrong with assigned with, though, personally.
It would work just as fine without with, though.
15:57
A woman teacher got 10 years of jail in the US for an affair with her pupil. Ten years! She killed no-one. It's sick. It's like medieval times.
I suppose the student is still a juvenile.
@DamkerngT. 13 years, yes. So what?
At that age I would have gladly had an affair with a teacher.
Phew.
In terms of the laws over there, I suppose it's a kind of abuse.
@CowperKettle LOL
It's abuse of common sense and basic humanity.
People love to make love. It's sick to give 10 years for that.
This reminds me of a similar case I've heard over there (IIRC, there was a movie based on the case). Just search for Letourneau and Fualaau. They finally got married after she spent some years in jail.
16:14
> Phonetics note: Of course there is a release phase for every plosive - it is just that it is inaudible. Unreleased stops result in death!
@Araucaria But I can breathe through my nose just fine even when I'm holding my stop! :P
In a way, most of us would hold a /p/ when we're underwater. ;-)
16:45
0
A: Meaning of "Unlooked for joy in that I honor most" in a sonnet by Shakespeare

Jimmy Breck-McKyeYour intuition is correct. The early modern 'joy' was a verb as well as a noun. So the meaning is essentially: So I - whose fortune has only been to be someone unimportant - being unknown take pleasure in the thing I honor most (the object of my unrequited love). But whereas courtiers' and so...

Yay
@CowperKettle Nice.
I bet you'd say the same if it was a girl, and the teacher was a 60-year-old guy, right?
Even better, if that girl was your daughter.
A 13 year old girl having an affair with a 60-year old teacher? That's a fantastic scenario.
I can imagine a girl falling in love with a 25-year old teacher.
Even then I would not send the teacher into prison for 10 years.
Yeah, get a couple of vodka shots with him, tell him to come by your house.
A 25-year old woman "abusing" a 13-year old boy is preposterous.
Yeah, it's impossible.
16:53
@user2684291 You're selecting a totally different scenario. There's no connection between the two scenarios, so.. it's pointless to discuss
If the woman somehow forced the boy, of course that would be a crime.
17:16
I think I should've said "take shots" or "do shots", I'm not sure.
@CowperKettle That's not how it works.
Anonymous
I updated my phone. The update button appeared in front of my alarm, and I accidentally hit update while trying to turn off the alarm this morning.
Anonymous
Now the UI is all different.
Anonymous
Farewell, all the effort I put into learning Apple's counterintuitive UI version X, hello effort for version Y!
@CowperKettle From Wikipedia, regarding Russian law pertinent to the case:
[Sexual intercourse/pederasty/lesbianism committed by a person who has reached the age of eighteen years with] a person who has reached twelve years of age but has not reached fourteen years of age, shall be punishable with deprivation of freedom for a term of three to ten years with or without deprivation of the right to hold certain posts or to be engaged in a certain activity for a period of up to fifteen years and with restriction of liberty for a term of up to two years or without such.
Anonymous
@CowperKettle It sounds okay to me.
Anonymous
17:26
Um, I mean the grammar you asked about sounds okay, not the abuse.
Hi,
(0:
@user2684291 Yes, there are sick laws in Russia too.
I'm informed of that.
Sick people everywhere, too.
Abuse = something done against someone's will or treacherously.
Yesterday I had to answer the questions. Did he answer the questions or not?
17:30
@user2684291 I know, like people ready to send a woman into jail
It's "send to jail/prison".
Hi All!
Could you suggest me a website where there I can find many free e book for downloading? Just like Library.
Open Library?
"Could you suggest a website ... (to me)?" Not "Could you suggest me a website ...?"
17:39
I wanted the books from Dominic O'Brian,
Nods...@user2684291 Thanks..
Free books on pdf would be good as I'm using mobile
On second thought, perhaps he didn't.
18:04
o/
Haven't been here in quite a while - did I miss anything earth-shattering?
No
Trump's inauguration will happen in another chatroom
So nothing earh-shattering here
@Stephie snailplane updated their phone...
Uh-0h...
I sense trouble?
18:10
I sense 1 2.
But snail at least stayed on the same platform. After years of using only my mac, I got a Windows laptop last week at my new job.
<Shouldn't anyone chime in with an ode to Linux now?>
Nope
They're too busy understanding how to use it without formatting their drive
I would, but I feel as though all of them are OK for some purpose.
@M.A.R. lol
@M.A.R. you changed your molecule again?
@Stephie I didn't?
Depends on when you last saw me
But I've had this one for like a million years
18:22
@M.A.R. on which planet?
@Stephie IIRC it was a nebula
M.A.R.S.
@M.A.R. might be.
@user2684291 duh!
18:35
Have to go: real life is calling.
Take care!
> Drugs of Class C are not immune drugs and are therefore beyond the scope of this guideline.
I wonder if I can omit this are
@M.A.R. A nice source of reading.
Doesn't sound as good without it.
@CowperKettle You can, but it doesn't make it better writing
Yes, I think so too.. I forgot the grammar underpinnings of this.
Well, the ''are'' should serve the same role in both sentences
18:51
Posted the question.
1
Q: What verb to use in order to show that the action was performed

V.V.The sentence is Yesterday he had to answer the questions. I think that it doesn't necessarily mean he did it though he could have done it.(I wonder if I am right). How to make the sentence meaning that it had to be done and the action was performed using modal verbs if possible.Thank you.

@M.A.R. this one is funny. (0:
They are usually more dull
Didn't know how to make the title shorter
> "Yesterday he had to answer the questions." - how to show clearly that he did answer them?
@V.V. It's a very good title
18:53
I would title it thus ^^
I usually drag an excerpt into my title
Is it understandable?
@M.A.R. I disagree. Could you please find one sentence where this is used?
@V.V. You could say ''he was made to answer the questions'' but that has the possibly unwanted implicature that he didn't want to, but had no choice
> He is a dishonest person and therefore a liar.
@user2684291 How can I find a sentence where something is not used in?
18:54
By searching.
@CowperKettle Oh, like this he meant
@user2684291 You ask too much
Maybe the use of not in the first clause prohibits the omission
@M.A.R. I thought about" was made"but I didn't find many examples
But it's midnight, and therefore goodnight
@V.V. Well, it's grammatical and common and I'm sure of that
18:56
I searched goggle books
@CowperKettle That might be the case.
@user2684291 interesting
@V.V. Why not just "He answered questions."?
> Next-generation drugs (for instance, drugs with an increased potency) cost more. (can I omit this an, I wonder)
They wanted obligation
19:02
@user2684291 Oh, hmm
I hate myself for admitting this, but you might be right
2
@V.V. Yesterday they had him answer the questions (?)
@CowperKettle Oh. Perfect!
That's it. Cowp wins the prize
We have a winner
Oh, for some reason I thought that option was already given.
The person is studying modals, he claims that "had to" means the action was performed. I said "no",
It's ambiguous.
It's not ambiguous. It simply does not provide that info.
19:08
You don't use "modals" because you wanna use "modals"; you use them if you have to, if the situation necessitates that.
Ambiguous is when two conflicting entailments can be made from the sentence
@V.V. Yes, it is ambiguous in this sentence, I guess
I wish I had time to dig into Quirk et al.
Well, what about "causative "?
Anonymous
What about it, @V.V.?
Anonymous
Cowper's sentence above is causative.
Anonymous
19:14
Wow, typing 's is hard on the new iOS.
I think it means the same as "had to"
@V.V. It's only causative with "they"
Anonymous
@V.V. I need to see a complete sentence to discuss meaning.
So it requires a significant overhaul of your sentence.
Typing is easy on a Microsoft Natural keyboard.. (0:
Too bad no other producers make such keyboards.. it's too costly
Anonymous
Not for me – very unnatural
19:17
You don't like "divided" keyboards?
Anonymous
No, they're bad for my wrists
It's hard for me to type on a "standard"
I thought they should actually help your wrists evade strain (avoid!)
Anonymous
I don't play a divided piano either
Anonymous
I type like it's a piano
I see. You're a very integral person
Anonymous
19:20
Everyone has their own ways of using things like keyboards. Mine is easy on the wrists but doesn't work well on a split keyboard because I don't keep my fingers in a fixed position. I move my hands around while I type.
Anonymous
I also type considerably faster than home row typists usually do, so I think home row typing is probably acceptable but inefficient. I don't think it's a good idea to teach it to children.
is there some other system?
Anonymous
It ends up hurting some people's wrists, and then they need split keyboards that prevent the sort of mobility that helps people type quickly and with their wrists relaxed.
Anonymous
No, I just learned to type on my own when I was three :-)
But you do it with all the fingers?
Anonymous
19:22
Yes.
You've been typings since three? You must have typed all Tolstoy and Twain to boot
Anonymous
Haha
Anonymous
I grew up with computers, thanks to my parents :-)
My father had loads of perforated cards
Anonymous
19:24
Right now I'm typing very slowly on my phone :-)
He used perforated cards to write things upon.
This kind. I should ask him why he used such cards.
Anonymous
Wow!
Anonymous
By the way, I get frustrated with those keyboards because I can't type the center letters with either hand.
I see. I never was frustrated by this
Anonymous
They're probably very good keyboards for people who aren't me :-)
19:27
I read about some exotic systems of fast input. But they are prohibitively costly to come by.
Anonymous
My favorites are mechanical keyboards.
Anonymous
I like Cherry Blue switches.
I had a mechanical keyboard with my Acer i486 DX2-66 computer back in 1994
Anonymous
How did you like it?
Anonymous
Click, click, click!
19:29
It was clacking nicely. But I'm not a keyboard connoseur (0:
Anonymous
Clickety clackety.
(0:
I should sleep or I'll fail to turn in my work on Friday. 2 pagest out of 10 done.
Good night!
Anonymous
Rest well!
Anonymous
I'm on a bus :-)
Anonymous
They're taking away my bus route, though. I may have to start driving.
Anonymous
19:31
Sorry, environment.
20:21
What did he say between "however the road's" and "five years on from the quakes"? youtu.be/fhGtNfSiVsw?t=55s
Anonymous
20:52
@CowperKettle My ELL shirt arrived about 2 months after this message, and my Japanese.SE shirt arrived about 5 months after this message. That's today! :-)
Anonymous
I filled out the forms for both sites on the same day, I think.
Anonymous
@user2684291 "However the roads still aren't up to scratch five years on from the quakes"
21:35
Thanks.
 
1 hour later…
22:41
"All the project I had did was generate huge REs and required mapping word aliases and such manually." Does this sentence require additional punctuation?
Anonymous
It's ungrammatical.
@user2684291 Probably not, but I wonder if people will understand it!
@snailplane Why?
:<
Anonymous
It's almost grammatical, but the complement licensed by did in the subordinate clause contained within the subject has the form of a coordination of a clause headed by a present tense verb with a clause headed by a past tense verb.
Anonymous
Generate and required.
22:45
@snailplane Good evening!
Anonymous
At least, I think that's what's intended.
Anonymous
But I would say that really, neither should be tensed, both should be in the bare infinitive form: generate and require.
It reminds me of that sentence, The rat the cat the dog chased killed ate the malt.
Anonymous
@DamkerngT. There is some embedding, but it's not tricky to parse in the same way as multiple center embedding.
Right, there was a mental pause after that "and", hence my forgetting the "did".
Thank you.
Anonymous
22:49
Usually the complement would take the form of a to-infinitival clause (or in this case a coordination of to-infinitival clauses), but the presence of a form of do in a subordinate clause contained within the subject allows us to get rid of to. That is to say, it licenses a bare infinitival complement.
2
Q: Can we drop the T sound in word grunting in American English?

Henry WangI was taught that when the T sound after an N sound, the T can be dropped in American English. As internet can be pronounced as innernet, winter can be winner, printer can be prinner. What about grunting? Can we dropped the t sound? Or the rule is only apply to some specific words as I mentioned...

This question makes me think of our song!
Nah. No dropping of the T. This isn't December 16, 1773.
23:10
0
Q: What are the most common mistakes that English learners make?

laughI think it will be useful to maintain a couple of lists of common mistakes. Such lists can help readers of ELL, serve as a reference for other answers, and perhaps attract traffic to this site. I'm not referring to things that are a matter of style and may be accepted by native speakers in some ...

An interesting initiation.
0
A: What are the most common mistakes that English learners make?

laughCommon mistakes in sentence structure (speech or writing) Asking a question with a declarative sentence instead of an interrogative sentence ...

Asking a question with a declarative sentence instead of an interrogative sentence?
:P
Is that really a mistake?
@user2684291 It's context-dependent.
I guess this depends.
Yeah.
Anonymous
More precisely: Using a declarative question rather than an interrogative question, outside of the special contexts that allow them.
Anonymous
23:13
Interrogative questions are allowed generally, while declarative questions are only licensed by specific sorts of situations.
Anonymous
0
A: What are the most common mistakes that English learners make?

laughCommon mistakes in sentence structure (speech or writing) Asking a declarative question instead of an interrogative question (outside of the special contexts that allow questions to be declarative) ...

Anonymous
I made it more precise. Did I make it confusing? :-)
Anonymous
I know that "more precise" is not exactly synonymous with "better".
Anonymous
But I always favor precision.
23:18
I didn't even notice the change!
Huh? Did you change anything?
Oh, I see!
I thought you were talking about the question itself!
Anonymous
I thought I should edit it, rather than just replying to @user2684291's message in chat.
Anonymous
@DamkerngT. I don't know what to do with it. My instinct is to close it as off-topic, but I think that action would be a bit hasty as a moderator.
Anonymous
23:21
The Ents would not approve.
I think you took the right action.
Hehe!
Anonymous
So I converted to CW and left a comment, and as long as it's open and being maintained, I might try to help a little :-)
Anonymous
I do think a list like this could be helpful for learners. I don't think it really fits the Q&A format very well, but I think it should be up to the community whether or not they want this sort of thing on the site.
Aren't reference-like posts and lists on the meta site already?
Anonymous
Yeah, "migrate to meta" is one of the options we have available.
23:22
The Ents may need to assemble a committee first. This process may take several days, for Ents don't like to talk too fast. :P
Anonymous
@DamkerngT. Already I'm feeling rather un-Entlike :-)
Anonymous
Do you think that was a marked position for already? I think it would usually go at the end of the sentence, but for some reason I wanted to say it at the beginning.
I've noticed it.
I don't know, I've heard it used that way before.
Anonymous
So I did! See, I'm mad with power, just like I always said. want I order any in words put can I!
23:24
(^_^)
Anonymous
@user2684291 I probably have too.
Anonymous
!!translate/Это интересно
@snailplane This might break your assumption that writing a sentence in reverse is ungrammatical. :P
Anonymous
@DamkerngT. It's grammatical. It just belongs to the grammar of Reverse English.
Ah! Sorry! Ellbot is not here!
Anonymous
23:25
A language very few people speak.
That means "that's interesting"?
@snailplane (^_^)
Welcome, Ellbot!
!!translate/Это интересно
ru: Это интересно
en: It is interesting
Anonymous
"It is" versus "That's"
23:32
!!translate/To je interesantno.
hr: To je interesantno.
en: That's interesting.
Anonymous
Does интересно correspond well to interesting?
Anonymous
Or, perhaps, does interesantno?
Anonymous
Japanese doesn't have a word quite like interesting.
23:34
Oh!
That's interesting!
Anonymous
There are two candidates.
The reverse N is I, H is N, T is T, E is "yeh", C is S.
I guess one is curious.
Anonymous
One is 面白い (omoshiroi), which has a broader range of meanings and is often used to mean something like 'funny' (as in 'amusing'), but it contains the meaning of interesting as well.
@user2684291 So, it's like "interesno", right?
23:35
Yup.
Anonymous
The other is 興味深い (kyōmibukai), which has a narrower range of meaning that is very similar to English interesting.
Anonymous
The tricky thing is, 面白い is a much higher frequency word than 興味深い.
Dose 興味深い have any other meanings?
Anonymous
The latter is a more precise way of getting across the meaning of interesting, but it isn't as common a word as interesting.
Anonymous
No, it literally just means "interesting".
Anonymous
23:37
興味 'interest (in something)' + 深い 'deep'
So, it sort of has interesting, but it's not a frequently used word, I suppose.
Anonymous
It's not rare either, to be fair.
Anonymous
But 面白い is much more common.
Anonymous
We say interesting in English more often than Japanese speakers say 興味深い.
I think I can understand now why sometimes they translate the script (of a show) as "This is fun" when it sounds a bit like the speaker gets curious about something.
Anonymous
23:39
Haha!
!!translate/น่าสนุกดีนะ
th: น่าสนุกดีนะ
en: Is fun
I guess น่าสนุกดีนะ is usually used as a translation of 面白い.
!!translate/zanimljivo
bs: zanimljivo
en: interesting
23:41
(:
"Interesantno" sounds just a bit foreign.
We also have two words, which is why the Russian one sounds strange to me. "Interesno" and "interesantno". The first means "of interest", as in "an interest group".
23:53
!!translate/radoznalost
bs: radoznalost
en: curiosity
Anyhow, it's from German "Interesse", apparently.
Anonymous
Oh, I was about to ask which language(s) both words were from.
Anonymous
Assuming they're both loanwords.
"German Interesse, French intérêt ← Latin interest: care about (something), is between (something) ≃ interesse: be between something, concern"
Inter-esse = between-be, I guess, haha.
Inter-est, again, = between-is.
I'd never thought about this. It's "breakfast" all over again.

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