@TildalWave possibly, yes, but that would increase the "volume" of your CPU, instead of increasing its die size -- either way, the result is the same: if you kept transistor size fixed and wanted to keep doubling the number of transistors every so often, your TDP and heat output would go through the roof.
it doesn't matter where you put them or whether you separate it out into separate CPU packages or what: the main thing that's been driving the digital revolution is the shrinkage, not the number of transistors. the number of transistors becomes unmanageable if you leave size constant.
you'd have to have a CPU about a kilometer long on both sides (width and height) to have as many transistors as a Core i7 3770 using fab technology from the Intel 486
that's what shrinkage has done: it's prevented us from having to do that, and kept heat dissipation and energy usage manageable
if we stop shrinking, then if we keep doubling, within 20 years our CPUs will be a mile long
and use megawatts of electricity