i get it now. but. when you say "theorems that you can never derive in that formal system", is this about isomorphism? you have some rules in a system, and when you transpose them to another system, it will not be allowed to do the same derivations as it did in the other?
but when you say that they cannot be derived, it seems that the derivation can be imagined but not applyable? if you do derive, it will become a paradox?
"One could do that, but there are more chatters with whom you can't speak Portuguese, although Cerberus can understand some thing?" I am wildly guessing here.
By the way, although officially we are supposed to speak English here, I don't mind if you speak Portuguese occasionally, especially when I'm not participating.
it does, because you can exchange a pawn for whatever piece you want, if your pawn was on a white square, and you already had a bishop in white rows, you could get 2 of them
I see that there are some impossibilities... but I don't get it how does it limite derivation... consider this: if I have wheat flour, I could make pasta, bread, cake or pie... but I could not make barbecue,
@DavidWallace In any case, as you say, you would normally say ich spreche kein Deutsch as I suggested to Tames, but in some cases nicht is possible, mainly if you echo something the other person said.
@DavidWallace Don't bow too deeply, then; I am using a combination of what I know of German and Dutch, the latter of which having the same distinction between niet and geen. You would normally never say ik spreek niet Duits, except if it served to contrast Duits with something else. It places heavy sentence emphasis on Duits.
so @OtavioMacedo, in the case of x/0=y... I could picture that... given x/z=y, you could substitute z for any number, except for 0, because when you do it.. it doesn't make sense?
@Tames Except that in poetry, x/0 could make sense. In language, everything is possible in some context. Context is everything. You can't really explain any linguistic phenomenon without taking context in consideration, I would say, if only the implicit intuitions that are also part of it.
@DavidWallace Oh no! Well, then sing it in a Youtube video and link it to us?
Let's hope we will be able to listen to it before the copyright Nazis censor it.
@Tames What's special about natural languages is that the obvious part, like a sentence, is only the tip of the iceberg: the implicit context is also part of the language. The tip alone cannot do anything.
And actually even unnatural languages have some icebergs hanging under them, but they are just smaller, or different.
@OtavioMacedo thanks so much for the explanation. I think it is clearer now... but I should really get started with Aristotle and from there move on towards more complex stuff lol
@Cerberus and @OtavioMacedo, yesterday I saw something that confirmed the "L"-"R" thing.. some girls were talking, and one said to the other "você está rouca?" (are you hoarse?), and she answered "o que?? louca??" (what?? crazy?)