As a single individual, it is hard to know if all concepts in your native language exist in any languages other than yours. Linguistics stack exchange might work for discussing if Sanskrit and Japanese language is so close in the past or if we have any gene to generate universal grammar or if there is an uncertainty in translation and so on so forth.(Maybe philosophy or cognitive science and so on may work too)

Thinking about the issue of relating information that the speaker doesn't know first-hand -- German is wonderfully expressive with the use of the subjunctive conjugation of verbs. See this post, in particular the second (shorter) answer, which explains the shades of meaning expressed.

@a20 You did well to rephrase my question without the "negative" elements in it, I will change the title even if the question is closed.

It's perhaps true that less grammatical concepts in Japanese are given names than those in English (or more accurately in terms of science history, Latin). Person, gender, number and those things are classic, but animacy, evidentiality, topic, noun class and such are only "discovered" in the last 100 yrs. I faintly remember the distinction like between ～たい and ～たがる in Japanese recently got a novel name in whatever paper, while much more are still taught as "Japanese exception to basic rules".

+1 for @broccolifacemask's note here -- particularly (emphasis mine): "When everything in Japanese grammar is systematically explained, it'd be more clear that English and Japanese are just using whole different toolsets to describe the same reality."