Hard to say why. He looks for insight. That seems like an obvious thing to do but I don't know, he puts it into practice about as well as anyone I've seen.
Definitely. There are lots of those in the ball. But it seems to me that you should write down a nice formula for a certain $y$ which makes things easy to check.
Well, look. Let $x$ be a point of $X$. Either there is a neighborhood of $x$ entirely contained in $A$ or $X \setminus A$, or it is the case that all neighborhoods of $x$ intersect both.