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2:00 AM
My whole college app essay was on why it's good to get a little familiarity with a bunch of topics before trying to study them rigorously
 
[Complex case]

$\sin a = \frac{b}{c}, \cos a = \frac{d}{f}, \tan a = \frac{bf}{cd}$

$ce^{2ia}-c=2b,fe^{2ia}+f=2d,(bf-icd)e^{2ia}+(bf+icd)=0$

Suppose $e^{2ia}=p+qi\in \Bbb{Q_{Gaussian}} \equiv \Bbb{Q}\cup i\Bbb{Q}$. Then


\begin{align}
c(p+qi)-c=2b,f(p+qi)+f=2d,(bf-icd)(p+qi)+(bf+icd)=0\\
c(p-1)+cqi=2b,f(p+1)+fqi=2d,(bf(p+1)+cdq)+(bfq+cd(1-p))i=0\\
\end{align}

Equation 1 and 2

$(p-1)+qi=\frac{2b}{c} \implies q=0, (p+1)+qi=\frac{2d}{f} \implies q=0$
These reduces to the rational cases derived previously.
 
tbh im pretty forgiving of books that make me work harder to understand them
 
Fair. But it does depend on whether or not you have to do it for school or if it's on your own time
The number of books I've stopped halfway…
 
@EricSilva I heard that Trudinger used to write papers in such a way that people knew he was on top of the PDE game but couldn't really understand and catch up
 
lol
De Giorgi's early work is crazy hard to read but it's also really obvious that he was thinking some good shit
 
2:03 AM
(The general case coming soon)
 
@EricSilva Reading Brendle's stuff I get the same impression
 
I've heard a similar idea for arguing with people who don't know your field but think they do
 
i guess there are two extremes here
federer and like
who's exceptionally clear
 
Essentially, start asking them questions related to the thing you're arguing about, but using the proper jargon so they know you know what you're talking about, sort of
 
Federer is exceptionally clear?
 
2:04 AM
no he's the opposite extreme
 
Oh lol
 
i cant think of someone on the other end
 
I was about to start calling you Eric Federer
 
lol
 
@EricSilva Jack Lee
 
2:05 AM
ive only read smooth manifolds and i thought it was dec
my opinions arent super strong tho
 
I love smooth folds
Top folds is very good
Haven't read Riem folds much
 
ive read a little of it and dont like it
 
I hear there's a second edition coming out next year
 
i read it after learning riem geo tho so maybe my opinion on it doesnt count for shit
 
@EricSilva Yeah, there's definitely a difference between reading something as a beginner and as an expert
 
2:06 AM
Wait but where did the boundary shape come from
Or was it not chosen first
 
@AkivaWeinberger Oh I forgot. Back to thinking about this
Maybe I should deformation retract it. Does a double torus minus a point retract to anything special?
Wedge of 3 circles?
 
Four
g-genus retracts to 2g loops, I think
 
g retracts to 2g circles wedged
sniped
 
Yeah, it's not too hard to see (for a standard g-torus, at least, if you remember that the loops don't all need to be attached to the same point)
 
you can just look at the polygon
 
2:09 AM
@AkivaWeinberger I think these are constructed by taking en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enneper_surface and gluing on handles, then doing some magic
I'm not familiar with how people create minimal surfaces concretely
 
(For some reason I thought you linked me to French Wikipedia for a second)
(Oh, the guy's even German, not French)
 
i think it was kind of hard to come up with minimal surfaces for a while
 
Some people in my department showed some new exact ancient solutions for MCF and it was so much work to show they actually had a solution. This stuff is crazy
 
then computers came around and Costa came up with his surfaces and i think a bunch of new examples happened after that
 
There's that three-volume tome on them by people whose names I forget
 
2:12 AM
does googles "Mean Curvature Flow"?
 
I should get that and it can go in the pile of books I'll never read but should
 
i wanna learn abt flows
 
mean curvature flow is overrated imo
 
why
 
I can't figure out what the buzz is other than MCF itself
I don't think it has applications
 
2:14 AM
The minimax sphere eversion was related to that, I think. They started with the halfway model (Morin surface), nudged it slightly, and let it "flow" until the curvature was the same everywhere and it was a sphere
 
Neves tried to explain this to me at some point but i didnt understand it
 
Looking it up, it was called "Willmore energy," they did gradient descent on it until they got a sphere
Willmore energy is apparently a measure of how far a thingy is from being a sphere
 
willmore flow is fucking impossible to understand
 
@EricSilva Read Andrews' book on Ricci flow
 
yeah i have it on my list of things
 
I've never heard of this
 
i did a reading course on willmore stuff
stuff is wild
 
If his kids were to inherit a lot of money from him, would they like Willmore or the will more?
 
lol
 
ugh
@EricSilva my GMT problem has multiple people scratching their heads. It's not so trivial to control the support of the interpolating current!
 
2:21 AM
Heh... that video @ 3:42
 
wild
 
@EricSilva What about this
Suppose $\omega$ is a, say, $W^{1,\infty}$ closed form on a closed set $C\subset\Bbb R^n$ with smooth boundary. Can $\omega$ be extended closed-ly (word ?) to a nbhd of $C$?
 
hmm
 
2:52 AM
Fine! Don't take my money
 
"n/a" is actually pronounced "ngaaah"
 
3:06 AM
@Ocelo7 I installed "simply Fortran 2" , i could not find what i should install in order to run a Fortran program.
you got pinged? I doubt that.
 
 
1 hour later…
4:16 AM
8
Q: How to use generalized pigeonhole principle to be sure that at least one of the integers picked is even?

Mathmore Q. How many integers from $0$ through $60$ must you pick in order to be sure of getting at least one that is odd? at least one that is even? Here is my verbal solution 'without using' pigeonhole principle. A. The list of integers $0,1,2...,60$ has $31$ even integers $30$ odd integers...

In my second approach I took two different sets of pigeonholes for the cases of getting at least one even integer and at least one odd integer. To be sure that at least one integer is odd, I took $\{\{0,1\},\{2,3\},...,\{58,59\},\{60\}\}$ as a partition and to be sure that at least one integer picked is even, I took $\{\{0,1\},\{2,3\},...,\{56,57\},\{58,59,60\}\}$ as a partition.
**At least one integer is odd case :**Using definition of $f$ and pigeonhole principle I found that at least $32$ integers should be picked. If $31$ of them are even, then $32$nd integer must go to any of the sets $\{0,1\}, \{2,3\},...,\{58,59\}$ but not $\{60\}$ ($\because$ definition of $f$).
At least one integer is even case : Using definition of $f$ and pigeonhole principle I found that at least $31$ integers should be picked. If first $30$ of them are odd, then $31$st integer must go to any one of the sets $\{0,1\},\{2,3\},...,\{56,57\},\{58,59,60\}.$ Since every set had exactly one odd integer, our $31$st number must be even according to definition of $f$.
Is this approach valid? I am actually confused.
@AkivaWeinberger
 
 
3 hours later…
7:14 AM
If $(N_t)_{t\geq0}$ is a Poisson process of rate $\lambda$, what would $P\left\{\cap \ _{r=0}^mN_r=2r\right\}$ look like? Is it just $(P\left\{N_r=2r\right\})^m$ ?
 
[Random]
Mathematics lacking formal languages
 
Apparently there are a lot of partitions of n < 100 size s that are equal to 1436
 
4
Q: Are there formal systems that are not logical systems?

TimFrom WIkipedia A logical system or, for short, logic, is a formal system together with a form of semantics, usually in the form of model-theoretic interpretation, which assigns truth values to sentences of the formal language, that is, formulae that contain no free variables. Accordin...

 
Is latex not working on here? Or is it an issue on my end?
 
7:25 AM
*2436 rather
 
What is an example of mathematics that is not formalist, Intuitionistic, predicative nor logical?
what are concrete examples of mathematics that cannot be captured by any formal manipulation of strings?
 
7:51 AM
Hello Everyone, Happy Deepawali to all
 
Suppose I have a statement like so: P such that Q such that R. I want to negate said statement. Is this correct way to go: -P such that -Q such that -R?
 
8:08 AM
I find myself procrastinating on existing math and reading h-principles instead
i have lost faith in myself...
Hi @0celo7
 
8:31 AM
@NickStephen Are you using ChatJax?
 
I'm not sure what that is. But it was working a few days ago on here
 
8:50 AM
@NickStephen tinyurl.com/cfqcvpc
 
@ÍgjøgnumMeg it worked, thank you
 
9:50 AM
Okay, so let $f(x)$ be a continious function defined in the interval $(a,b)$. My book tells that $f(x)$ is bounded in this interval too, but what's the upper bound if you take $f(x) = \frac{1}{|x|}$ d take the interval to be $(0, 5)$
 
Your book is wrong if it says that. You are correct that $f(x) = 1/x$ is not bounded on, eg, $(0, 1)$.
On the other hand what is true is that continuous functions are bounded on closed intervals. Eg, $f$ is bounded on $[a, b]$.
 
Yeah, that's definately true. (I'm reading GH Hardy's Course in pure mathematics). Wait a sec, I'm uploading a picutre.
Did I misread anything ?
 
That is strange; Theorem 1 is clearly false. Perhaps by continuous he means it's also defined on the endpoints? I don't know the old conventions.
 
Even stranger: Theorem 2: If $f(x)$ is continious function through $(a,b)$, and it's lower and upper boudns are $M$ and $m$ respectively, then $f$ attains both values in that interval.
This is definately false.
Take $f(x) = \frac{1}{x}$, and let $(a,b)$ = $(3, 5)$
 
Has $(a,b)$ always denoted an open interval?
 
10:01 AM
Yeah maybe by (a, b) he actually means the closed interval.
 
No well I didn't read anything as open or closed still now.
 
These are old books, man, iunno
 
Oh so he means both endpoints are in that set too ?
 
I think so. Check his conventions.
 
Those theorems would be correct if the interval were closed
 
10:03 AM
Only that makes sense of theorem 1,2 so I think that's true then.
So this is why you shouldn't read very old books :/
 
check page 231
The beginning of the section "Some general theorems concerning derived functions"
he doesn't seem to have distinct notations for closed and open intervals
 
@AlexKChen nah, that's why books should state clearly the notational conventions used
 
OK, so I guess the Henri Borel is for closed interval ?
 
10:20 AM
Henri Borel?
 
Oh Sorry nevermind. Switching from Bing to Google search did the work.
 
10:32 AM
hello guys
anyone knows $\overline{1,n}$ notation?
 
user84215
Hello.
 
a shortcut for 1,2,3, ..., n , right?
 
Probably
Some even use $\bar{n}$
 
thnx @AlessandroCodenotti
Does anybody know some sort of math. notation library?
 
"Mathematics is notions, not notations" - Kim Jong Trump
 
10:43 AM
[Random] Quote of the day:
$$\alpha_{GO}(0) + \text{Mathematics} = ?$$
 
@AlexKChen Heine Borel says that a set in Euclidean space is compact if and only if it is closed and bounded.
 
@Secret it is a cat.
 
@Kirill My professor said that a cat can be defined as a dog and a dog can be defined as a cat.
 
I agree. A dog is not isomorphic to cat, but it is some sort of a scaled cat.
 
11:04 AM
A lizard is a scaled cat
3
 
cats come from the category theory actually
 
Alpha Go Zero
 
11:51 AM
Let $[]$ denote the least integer function, and let $f$ be any real-valued function. Is it true that $|f(x) - \frac{1}{n} [nf(x)]| \le 1$ for every $n \in \Bbb{N}$? Clearly it holds for $n=1$, since in this case the quantity in the absolute value bars is just the fractional part...Wait! Maybe it's trivial. We can rewrite the inequality as $|nf(x) - [nf(x)]| \le n$, and the quantity in the absolute value is always the fractional part of $nf(x)$ which will always be in $[0,1)$, right?
 
[Thinking about well orderings]
Chat reference: https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/40613132#40613132
Denote $(n,m)$ where $n,m \in \Bbb{N}$. That is, the pair denotes one component of the map $f : \Bbb{N}^2 \to \Bbb{N}$
Now consider one such $f$ as follows:
$(0,1),(1,2),(2,3),...$. i.e. $x \mapsto x+1$
 
In fact, we should have $|nf(x) - [nf(x)]| < 1 \le n$ is true, from which we get the desired inequality $|f(x) - \frac{1}{n}[nf(x)]| < 1$. How does this sound?
 
It is easy to see the $f$ is countable. We can also define an ordering where the pairs on the right are larger than those on the left
Now, consider the components of $f$ being acted on under the symmetric group $S_{\infty}$
This will translate to $k \leq \aleph_0$ transposition of the ordered pairs in that sequence.
Now it is known that the above symmetric group has $2^{\aleph_0}=\beth_1$ elements, hence it is uncountable.
This means, there are uncountably many permutation maps to generate uncountably many different $f$s, none preserves the ordering
 
12:22 PM
in Mathworks, 4 mins ago, by Secret
However, consider the following list $b = (-5,1),(-4,2),(-3,3),(-2,4),(-1,5),(0,6),(1,7),...$ which is from func(Z,Bool). Then we can use any increasing map $x \mapsto g(x)$ (obvious examples including $x \mapsto nx+m$ for naturals $n,m$ to shift the members of the list $b$ and the ordering will be preserved)
in Mathworks, 30 secs ago, by Secret
Even if there are uncountably many increasing maps and they are predicative, it is unclear the most natural way to well order them
 
12:56 PM
@AlessandroCodenotti that’s the equivalence class! :p
 
It does seemed the only way to construct an uncountable well ordering is to already have a sequence a,b,c,d,... of uncountable length in the first place
I also need to read why $D$ is an infinite dedekind finite set, then $D \cap \text{Countable} = \text{Finite}$
Meanwhile reading progress on type theory is sloooooooooow
 
sometimes i can't tell if a question is done by someone who is lazy, sleep-deprived, or just a bit thick
 
1:17 PM
8 hours ago, by Maxwell
May I get an answer till this tonight?
This one statement say an infinite dedekind uncountable set many things...
(O wait what I am doing... infinite dedekind finite sets are not injecting into countables to begin with...)
 
(I mean ffs. E=0 in the TISE means that [REDACTED]. There, done)
 
If I recall, it is nontrivial to solve gaussians without ladder operators
reduction of order yada yada yada
Though to be frank, ladder operators is basically factorising the differential operator
 
depends what you're doing, at least
but yeah. in general, hermite polynomials are a pain, and that's what you're forced to deal with in position space
 
My most memorable experience of solving TISE is that holiday exercise during my 2nd year on triangle potential $V=mx$ that my lecturer gave me to further my curiosity, and I solve that by hand using series methods, without realising the solutions are called Airy functions. It is perhaps the only hard physics problem that I solved without asking anyone else for help
 
1:32 PM
Hello,
I'd appreciate some help with a question on (not locally trivial) bundles, particularly on when a map inducing fiberwise isomorphisms is an isomorphism of bundles.

https://math.stackexchange.com/q/2477489/223002
 
whereas in general, I suck at physics problem solving because I am so reluctant to take seemly arbitrary sounding assumptions
 
morning
 
@Secret oh lawd airy functions
 
I found the following algorithm generating magic square for a given odd integer n: https://scipython.com/book/chapter-6-numpy/examples/creating-a-magic-square/
I am currently trying to understand and wonder, how to prove it works (or doesn't) in general.
 
the thing that's worse than airy functions are parabolic cylinder functions
but in both cases the problem is that the resulting ODE has an irregular singular point at infinity
and that way leads to suffering, especially if one tries to approach it purely from the series POV
 
1:48 PM
If $(N_t)_{t\geq0}$ is a Poisson process of rate $\lambda$, what would $P\left\{\cap \ _{r=0}^mN_r=2r\right\}$ look like? Is it just $(P\left\{N_r=2r\right\})^m$ ?
 
2:09 PM
@NickStephen it'd better not, since $r$ is being summed over and so the probability can't possibly depend on $r$.
 
I can't seem to figure out what it would look like. The notation is confusing me. Should it be a multiplication, from r=1 to m, of $(P\left\{N_r=2r\right\})$ ?
 
pi explosion:
http://www.piday.org/million/
$\pi =$3.141592653589793238462643383279502884197169399375105820974944592307816406286208998628034825342117067982148086513282306647093844609550582231725359408128481117450284102701938521105559644622948954930381964428810975665933446128475648233786783165271201909145648566923460348610454326648213393607260249141273724587006606315588174881520920962829254091715364367892590360011330530548820466521384146951941511609433057270365759591953092186117381932611793105118548074462379962749567351885752724891227938183011949129833673362440656643086021394946395224737190702179860943702
 
nope, I did not scroll all the way down my comp started to lag when the scroll bar is 1.5 cm long in that website
But one thing that intrigues me: At a glance, each digit seemed to be distributed quite evenly
though there are weird things like:
2628866669454
 
2:24 PM
Yeah, so far, pi seems to like all digits the same
 
a fun one which Feynman noticed: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_nines_in_pi
you can see it in Secret's output above if you Ctrl-F and look for "999999"
 
I wonder what does a representation independent $\pi$ look like. Imagine being able to see $\pi$ without expressing it in any series, expansion etc.
I wonder if the apparent normacy of the digits of $\pi$ has a deeper structure connect to it...
 
2:41 PM
eh. for a representation independent version, I'd appeal to geometry
use a piece of string to make a circle with unit diameter; the length of that string is pi
either that or something like buffon's needle
 
Oh lawd.. never try to copy that pi into a viber group chat
had to restart my pc -.-
 
@NickStephen You want the probability of your Poisson sample landing in the intersection of the events $N_0=0,$ $N_1=2$, $N_2=4$, etc.
I don't know how to express that as a sum, mind. That'd require me to think more about it than I'm willing to.
Based on the comments you've received to your question, you have enough information to solve it yourself.
There's the Schrodinger equation. That's the entirety of what you need.
Yes, it is.
I could. But I'm not going to. If you're not willing to think about what information you've been given, I'm not going to do it for you.
You're given that wavefunction and that it's a solution to the time-independent Schrodinger equation with potential $V(x)$.
That is the entirety of what you need.
in context, it's a physics problem. However, with how you presented the question on MSE, all that's present is the mathematical problem and thus it's suitable for MSE.
So yes, it's a mathematical question as you've presented it.
properly understood? a minute or two.
also, I think you stated it's a zero energy solution.
yes, because you're waiting for someone to do the work for you.
...
So you know the answer, but you want someone to answer it for you.
What?
 
2:59 PM
@Maxwell From the chat guidelines linked in the room description:
> Don't post oodles of small messages in a row that could've fit in one message, or very large messages that take up too many lines.
Please try to respect that.
 
yeah, uh, good luck with that.
what you've written in your question is indistinguishable from someone who doesn't have any idea how to solve the problem and just wants an answer. as such, it has pretty much zero appeal.
2
not long. but I'm not a standard person---I'm TAing quantum mechanics this semester
so the time involved is just however much time it takes for me to take two derivatives
 
3:39 PM
Hahahah testing??
 
3:51 PM
Can I use that
$$\lim_{m \to \infty} \left(1+\frac {1}{m-0.5}\right)^{m^2} \frac{1}{e^{m}}=\lim_{n \to \infty} \left(1+\frac 1n\right)^{n^2} \frac{1}{e^n} $$
Actually, I know I can, but how to prove that rigorously
 
Hi @Eric and whoever else is here.
 
Yo
@PVAL I keep forgetting, you're at ut Austin right
 
4:15 PM
some "graph" theory
 
5:01 PM
what the hecker just happened in the chat
 
Hey everyone!
 
hi @Perturb
 
Happy Diwali to everyone celebrating! :)
 
are you stable under perturbations?
meh idc about diwali
 
@BalarkaSen Yep, I'm transversal
@BalarkaSen y u no like sweetmeats?
 
5:08 PM
yeah, but you can't tunnel
 
@Perturbative i'm a massive hippie who refutes most of the cultural and religious festivals
 
can you really be a hippie in that context?
hipster, maybe
 
ya that's what i meant. i refute the mainstream :P
(I wasn't serious, just making pretentious ass jokes)
 
lol
i mostly have in mind 'new age philosophy' when I hear 'hippies'
 
you have to interpret everything i say as having hundred levels of irony beneath it
(^ pretentious, yes)
 
5:15 PM
and to the extent that that tends to invoke the spookiness of modern physics in order to say how little we really know man...well, it gets under my skin
 
(^ joking about pretentiousness, yes)
 
@Semiclassical Does a missionary talking about String Theory sound like a hippie?
 
Saying everything ironically is pretty mainstream now because of meme culture though
 
a very confused one, perhaps
 
@EricSilva But that's the joke!
 
5:16 PM
lol, this integral
 
What you said is one of the layers of irony involved
 
Tfw the line between irony and sincerity doesn't even exist anymore
 
lmao
i'm meming a meme which is meming a meme in turn
 
$$\Psi(x,\tau)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{i k x}\frac{1+e^{-i k}}{\pi^2-k^2}e^{-\tau k^2/2}\,dk$$
 
Isn't it weird how meme culture is a meme
 
5:18 PM
@Semiclassical That actually happened to me on campus a couple months back, missionary stopped me to get me to come to something which I had no intention of going to and he ended up talking about String Theory
 
@EricSilva It's pretty fascinating
 
@EricSilva It's a reflexive property
 
Memes are memes is a deep tautology
 
Ultimately I'll want to continue $\tau$ to the positive imaginary axis, but for now I'm just interested in $\tau>0$
 
I think memes are the art of the postmodern internet age
It's also a good business policy
about time industrialists start using it
 
5:23 PM
I think a better name for the internet age is the transironic age
 
hey, that's pretty good
 
have we witnessed the rise of the Singularikitty though
maybe the lolcat meme as a whole would be the memetic Singularikitty
(yes, I am going to stick with that word)
 
lolcats are p old iirc
they predate 4chan
 
1905
 
5:28 PM
but they hadn't coalesced yet
 
right
 
Singularikitty demands cheesburgers
 
long singularikitty is fucking loooong
 
5:42 PM
@EricSilva So I learnt an interesting theorem yesterday
Well, by learn I really mean heard. But what it says is that if $X$ is a Riemannian manifold and $Y$ is a locally symmetric space, both of negative curvature, then the geodesic flows on $T_1X$ and $T_1Y$ are $C^0$-conjugate iff $X$ is isometric to $Y$
 

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