I was taught that the following reaction happens: It is called the "ipso-substitution". My professor had told me that it occurs in the case of $\ce{-SO3H}$ and $\ce{-COOH}$. But he had ended the topic there. My textbook doesn't detail any more either. My searches landed me up at the fact that...

I understand that standard heat of atomization is the amount of heat energy required to produce one mole of gaseous atoms from the element in its standard state. As with other types of units, it is also stated in terms of $\pu{(magnitude) kJ mol^-1}$. However, consider this situation - which is ...

I think @ron has hit the bull's eye in the comments! I would like to elaborate upon that: Since each step in the sulfonation of benzene is an equilbirum, sulfonation is a reversible reaction. According to Le-Chatlier's principle addition of $\ce{H+}$ ions in the solution would shift the equil...

In my worksheet there is a question that asks for the comparison of basicities of the three ansidines and anniline. After my analysis using: $\text{Basicity} \propto \text{+M effect (except for meta annisidine)} \propto \dfrac{1}{\text{-I effect}}$, I could make the following conclusions: ...