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1:26 AM
$\frac{sin(1 + (x^2 + y^2))}{(x^2 + y^2)}$
at $x = 0$ this blows up
@TedShifrin
 
@ramanujan_dirac hi
 
@Adeek hi
 
also @TedShifrin $\frac{1}{(x^2 + y^2)}$ blows up at $x = 0,y=0$ and is positive at other places !
 
Do you guys think you should learn a second language while an undergrad in math?
 
1:42 AM
I don't know since I speak three languages already
 
Impressive!
Fluently, I suppose?
I know a little german and a little french, but I'm thinking about taking a year course next year in german, french, or chineese.
Chinese*
 
As I know, many people from the Western world think Chinese is the most difficult language to learn
 
It used to be that to complete a PhD a candidate needed to show competency in another language.
I know a little bit, not much.
Chinese that is.
Mandarin to be more precise.
 
Since I speak Chinese (Mandarin and Cantonese), I always have no idea why people think Chinese is difficult, for me, I still have problem when I am writing homework in English
 
I would like to learn how to write in traditional chinese characters. I find the writing so interesting!
 
1:47 AM
papers are written in english
 
What papers.
 
Yeah, they are @Dodsy
 
math papers
 
That's quite a generalization.
Many mathematical papers coming out of france and china are not written in english.
Russia as well.
Or, often times you get a translated paper which does not capture the paper in it's entirety.
 
such a small percentage that learning an entire language would probably be a waste of time
if all you want to do is use it for math
 
1:51 AM
Okay, then look up some math research coming out of france or china. They say that of all the maths research in China only about 10% is translated into English.
 
interesting, I don't know that
 
do you usually come across papers like that in your area of research? it's entirely possible (even likely) that you'll be able to do research without them
lots of American math phd's don't know foreign languages
I know just enough french to work through the occasional paper from the 1920's, but other than that...
 
You'd probably know best, I have not even started my undergrad, I just think that people often undervalue learning another language and think that it is sufficient to only know English.
 
it you can get some liberal arts credits for it, go ahead. I'm just not sure you needed it strictly for math.
 
At harvard and MIT it is a requirement when completing a PhD in math.
 
1:59 AM
yeah I think it used to be a requirement everywhere
 
Sorry for arguing with you, David. You'd probably know better than I do, I'm not sure why I became so defensive.
 
Apologies if this is answered somewhere, but I didn't know what terminology to search for...I'm basically looking to distribute some items (horizontally) less and less uniformly as the item gets further from some origin x value.
I guess I want some interesting examples of linear curves that flatten out that I can tinker with. :)
 
@David I came here to ask, and you gave a perfectly fine answer, thank you. I'll have to consider learning the language because I find the language interesting, and not because it would contribute to my math studies (necessarily)
@LucasTizma Can you explain a bit more, are you talking about something like stock price simulation? Or are we talking about statistical analysis of some sort?
 
User interface, actually. I have a horizontal list of items that I'm scaling and so forth the further they move from the center of the screen. But I'd also like to distribute them non-linearlly as well.
I'm sure it's stupidly trivial. I use Bézier timing functions in my animations all the time, and a simple easing came to mind, but apparently it's not trivial to evaluate cubic Bézier curves deterministically? Kinda just want a simple y = f(x) evaluation.
As they move away from the center, I want them to get smaller (does this currently) and closer together.
Center may as well be the origin. I'm basing all the calculations around distance, not displacement, so things are mirrored to either side of the center and I'm normalizing the results like 0.0 (left) ... 1.0 (center) ... 0.0 (right).
 
 
2 hours later…
4:19 AM
Hey @s.harp and @kasmir!
And @Dodsy
 
 
6 hours later…
10:07 AM
Is there a proper way to cite an oral communication in a math paper?
 
@TheSubstitute This sounds like the kind of question you should ask on Academia Stack Exchange
It's likely there's already a question about that there
 
Hi @Alessandro.
 
how is log(1+x) = x+ O(x^2)
O is Big-Oh notation
 
Because $\log(1+x) = \sum_{i=1}^\infty (-1)^{i-1}\frac{x^i}{i}$ ?
 
10:23 AM
Hi @Balarka
 
@TheSubstitute Not sure whether it is proper way, but you can check a few random papers to see how other people cited this. For example, if I search for "private comunitcation" topology in Google Scholar, it seems that there are some papers citing something like this.
 
What are you upto?
 
@SteamyRoot but what about higher powers of x? for any polynomial isn't

x^n + x^n-1+ ...... = O(x^n) ?
 
@BalarkaSen Studying probability for an upcoming exam...
 
@MartinSleziak thanks!
 
10:25 AM
Good luck in advance!
 
@ShubhamSinghrawat That taylor series holds for $|x| < 1$
In which case the $x^2$ term dominates the higher-order ones
 
@SteamyRoot oh yess totally missed it. thank you :D
 
Thanks, it's not a topic I really like to be honest though
 
Quite understandably.
 
Guys, can we say that $\arctan(x)+\arctan(y)=\arctan(x+y)$? Because that seems to be what they've done here:
I can't really find any rules on $\arctan$
 
10:32 AM
What do you know about tan(a + b)?
 
Well, $a$ and $b$ basically represent two angles that can be added together, and $\tan$ gives us the slope?
 
Yes, but can you write that in terms of tan(a) and tan(b)?
 
I've never seen that before, but I'm guessing I can use what I know from $\cos$ and $\sin$?
 
Yes, you can.
 
BTW you can find a few posts about this on main: What is $\arctan(x) + \arctan(y)$ or Is there an identity for $\arctan(x+y)$?.
 
10:35 AM
 
If you do everything right you'd get tan(a + b) = (tan(a) + tan(b))/(1- tan(a)tan(b))$.
(Verify this)
 
oh okay, thanks @Martin !
 
And it is also on Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/…
 
In any case, plug in a = arctan(x), b = arctan(y) and you get your formula. Martin just linked to a bunch of things so whatever
 
But I guess it is more satisfying to try to derive it by yourself.
 
10:36 AM
oh right, I checked "arctangens" wikipedia, and it wasn't very helpful :P
yes, I will verify it now
 
As Balarka said, to derive this you only need to know formula for $\tan(\alpha+\beta)$.
 
ah yes, well, I have to revise entirely on the sum and difference formulas, so I'll be busy for a while:P
 
2
Q: Prove that every converging limit $\lim_{n \to \infty} \sum_{k=1}^{a(n)} f(k,n)$ is essentially a riemann sum.

mickLet $a(n)$ be a strictly increasing function of $n$. Proof that every converging limit $$\lim_{n \to \infty} \sum_{k=1}^{a(n)} f(k,n)$$ is essentially a Riemann sum.

 
@ShaVuklia BTW I do not think you need any addition formulas here. If you plug $y=L/2$ and $y=-L/2$, you get the same result up to the sign. So you only need to know that $\arctan$ is odd function.
Looking at the symbols there, it looks like something from physics.
 
haha yes it is, electromechanics
I calculated the electrical field from a square plate that was uniformly charged :P
right above the plate (in the middle)
So knowing that $\arctan$ is an odd function, I can say that $\arctan(a)-\arctan(-a)=2\arctan(a)$
makes sense
 
10:45 AM
Yes, I think that's what is done in the picture you posted. (Although I did not check all the details.)
 
cool, thanks for your tips!
 
BTW you wrote in your profile that you study in Amsterdam. Is it Vrije University?
 
Nope, it is UvA
 
Back when I was a student, a friend of mine was at Vrije University for one semester.
 
UvA= Universiteit van Amsterdam
oh cool, what did he think of it?
 
10:49 AM
Well, I guess it was quite good.
He was mostly interested in PDEs, which is not a topic I know much about. But he also attended some lectures in Set-theoretic topology with K.P. Hart.
He showed me some materials and notes for those lectures, they definitely seemed interesting.
 
haha:P I personally don't really like the physics department at UvA, but maths is really good. They don't really treat (the mathematics in) physics in a "rigorous" way, so we're really just messing around with formulas constantly. But I guess that's physics for most students anyways.
oh right, well the maths is indeed really good!
 
Ok, I'll probably have to go. See you later and have a nice day!
 
see ya!
and you too
:P
 
Hi @ShaVuklia
 
Hi @mick :P In case you're going to ask me for help: I really have no idea :P
but I'm curious as well, so I've favourited it and given you an upvote, hoping that it will catch someone's attention
 
10:56 AM
@ShaVuklia thank u hun !
I assume you are first year university ? @ShaVuklia
 
yes I am! @mick
 
Are you russian ? @ShaVuklia
 
haha nopes, Bosnian roots:P
 
Good too. You look pretty :) @ShaVuklia
 
haha! thanks mick :P
 
10:59 AM
😘
 
in your profile, you write you're too young to a degree in math. now I'm curious; how old are you actually? and what year are you in high school?
 
Last year. 18
 
or did you mean, too young to have finished university?
ah right like that
well, luckily you can start soon then!
 
Im not sure What I want yet
 
what options are you considering?
 
11:03 AM
Bodybuilder
Just look at my profile pic
 
hahaha:P right
but for real, what are you considering? XD
 
What uni are you going to attend? :O
 
Hi chat
 
omg, you might actually come across SteamyRoot :P
Hi @Astyx
 
Ohi
 
11:05 AM
you are fellow-country-men :P
 
Yup :O
 
Hi @Astyx
 
How are you all ?
 
Darn , IT you did not fall for it @ShaVuklia
 
Yeah, if you're (un?)lucky, you may have me as a TA
@Astyx I just got back from a 4-day "science trip" with 30 students to the Netherlands
So... tired, but alive
 
11:06 AM
Alive is what matters :)
What was that science trip about ?
I'm fine, thanks @Fawad
 
Well, it's mostly a holiday with some scientific visits. But we did spend a day at Leiden University to see the research and so; and we visited ESTEC, which is the ESA's largest facility. See some lunar/mars rovers and such :D
 
Im actually not sure im going to university. And if I do I might do physics or bio.
@ShaVuklia
 
That sounds cool !
 
Also I like to waste my life on chess @ShaVuklia
 
If you like it it's not waste
 
11:09 AM
oh, I expected you to pursue some double or triple degree:d are you considering to travel around for a year, or do you actually want to do something that hasn't to do much with university/academics?
 
@mick Why aren't you sure? Thinking of attending a high school instead?
 
I do not like set theory and topology. And university is hard
 
why is it hard? from an academic perspective or a social/peer perspective?
 
Depending on what university you pick, you might not run into those until your 3rd/4th year.
 
I cant believe I Saïd that
 
11:11 AM
At which point you may have a very different opinion
 
Gotta run bye
 
differential geometry or foliation topology? what a dilemma
 
because I had a study-delay of 3 years because I had difficulty with talking :P so when I told people that university was hard, I meant I couldn't get myself to talk:l :p
alright, bye @mick !
 
Bye pretty @ShaVuklia
 
@BalarkaSen How about... algebra? :D
 
11:13 AM
@SteamyRoot Nah, $\infty$-topoi
 
@ShaVuklia what do you problem with talking ?
 
I have no idea, really. The first 20 years of my life, I just couldn't talk normally with people:d Now suddenly, everything is going smooth and well, and I'm back at studying again. I really had to figure out how to behave and talk, because that didn't happen naturally. @Kasmir
 
or I could just postpone everything and plug those headphones in or something
procrastination 101
 
@ShaVuklia Iam glad that everything is fine now :) , i thought you did not know the language like when i first moved to different country =p
 
procrastination sounds great
"I'll totally get more inspiration for research by taking a lazy day"
 
11:18 AM
@Kasmir hahah XD
 
@SteamyRoot it actually is
 
Meh, procrastination sounds better than it is
 
@ShaVuklia what do you study ?
 
mathematics and physics
 
Nice nice
 
11:19 AM
and you?
 
I never been fan of physics so just chose to major in math
physics require alot of reading and I am not into that ><
 
physics requires you to play around with math without knowing what you're doing XD
 
well listening to david bowie or watching a weird movie (the best genre) could certainly be a constructive procrastination :P
alternatively i could read borges. way too may options.
 
Are you reaching that point when you have so many things to do that you don't actually do anything ?
 
right.
I feel like worldbuilding.SE should be merged with Randall Munroe's What If? site
 
12:29 PM
lol
I don't understand how you could populate that site with experts, as is supposedly the goal of SE
 
Someone tried to set fire to one of the uni's lab tonight, apparently because of a research collaboration with Israel on some cyber security stuff
The details and the motivations are still unclear
 
hell yeah, non-civil disobedience
 
Do they know who it is ?
 
What's the difference between "non-civil" and "uncivil"?
 
12:37 PM
Nope, the newspaper only said that the police is investigating
 
@MikeMiller I'm not sure arson is really disobedience as much as just crime :P
 
Syrians?
 
1:15 PM
Guys, I don't understand how they get that $r$ in the integral,
I'm assuming it's some coordinate transformation,
so $r$ is the determinant of the Jacobian
but $do$ is pretty generic, isn't it? Should I assume that $do=dxdy$ or something?
 
the jacobian is part of the coordinate transformation
do is a surface element (I'm guessing from oppervlakte)
 
that is correct
but.. what are the original coordinates?
 
polar
x=rcos t
y =r sin t
 
and z=z?
 
yes
in 3 d but wont effect the jacobian
 
1:22 PM
oh wow:P they could have added that, geez
 
so jacobian is still r , it is simple calculation you can do it alone
haha =p
 
yes I think I'll manage!
 
Good luck :)
 
thx!
But in the Cartesian coordinates, we have $x,y,z$ that vary, while in the polar coordinates, we have $z$ and $\phi$ that vary, while $r$ is constant. So does dat mean that the integral wil the Cartesian coordinates is a triple integral, while the integral wil the polar coordinates is a double integral?
 
You're integrating over a surface element, which is something 2-dimensional. If you get a triple integral, you'd be integrating over volume
If you're working in the Cartesian system, the $x$, $y$ and $z$ won't vary independently
 
1:42 PM
would you know where I can find a similar example online?
I can only find stuff on polar coordinates on their own, or transforming from xyz to polar
but I can't find something like this where we integrate over a surface, and then immediately jump to the polar coordinates
I understand this
 
$dxdxy$ o.O
 
haha yea okay
 
if you are reading electrodynamics , grd ,div, curl , then electrodynamics by Griffith
is the best far
 
yea I have griffith in front of me
griffiths*
 
ha
 
1:46 PM
This seems way more like a basic electromagnetic course than electrodynamics, tbh
 
oh yea, it's electromechanics*
it is indeed introductory
 
@ShaVuklia
you read the first chapter of the book
?
 
partly, nothing about integration though?
(fourth ed. btw)
let me see if they say something about integration
 
When you integrate, you assume the surface has a parametrisation
 
chapter 1 is vector analysis?
 
1:47 PM
Like, for the cylinder, you have $o = (r \cos \varphi, r \sin \varphi, z)$
 
I mean the introductory part,the first chapter is actually the essence,and the theorems are used heavily as you progress
 
with $r$ constant, $\varphi$ and $z$ varying.
then $do = \left\| J(\varphi,z) \right\| d\varphi dz$
 
what does $o$ mean though? it's like a position right?
 
It's just the name of the surface
 
but I interpret that as $o=(x,y,z)$
@BAYMAX there is really nothing about integration specifically ?
 
1:51 PM
technically, you want $o: [0,2\pi] \times [0,h] \to \mathbb{R}^3: (\varphi,z) \mapsto (r \cos \varphi, r \sin \varphi, z)$
that is a parametrisation of the cylinder
 
I think chapter 1 ,Appendix A might help !
 
well that makes sense. But what are the "old" variables for $J(\phi,z)$? because I have 3 right?
or should I rewrite the three into two, because they are dependent?
 
There don't have to be any "old" variables?
You could of course look at the variables of the image, which are the $x,y,z$ in $\mathbb{R}^3$, with $x = r \cos \varphi$ etc...
 
the way I calculate the jacobian, is by putting the old variables in the rows (in the numerator) and the new variables in the columns (in the denominator)
could you give me the first entry of the jacobian? is it $\partial x/\partial r$ or something?
 
Should be, yes.
Maybe you should look into the geometric meaning of the Jacobian
Actually, not $r$.
$r$ is a constant, and not a parameter...
For a parametrisation $o(\varphi,z) \in \mathbb{R}^3$, the jacobian is $\frac{\partial o}{\partial \varphi} \times \frac{\partial o}{\partial z}$
Maybe you'll get the same thing if you treat $r$ as a variable, but I'm not convinced...
 
2:00 PM
ohhh, I think I'm slightly getting the idea right now
but.. sorry, last question.. I should calculate the determinant of $o$ right? but the derivative of $o$ is a $3$ by $2$ matrix?
I've never seen this $\frac{\partial o}{\partial \varphi} \times \frac{\partial o}{\partial z}$
 
It's just a cross product of two vectors in $\mathbb{R}^3$
 
yea i know, but I've never seen the jacobian being the cross product. well i'll just watch some videos on double integrals. it's already helping me:d
 
Well, maybe this cross product isn't usually called the jacobian. I don't know, I don't teach any analysis or calculus courses :P
 
2:15 PM
haha thanks anyways!
 
2:54 PM
If I know the moment generating function of the random variable $X$ can I say something about the moment generating function of the variable $g(X)$ where $g$ is a nice enough function?
 
3:23 PM
Moment generating function of $X$ is $\Bbb{E}[\exp(tX)]$, yeah?
 
$t^X$, isn't it ?
Oh no, my bad
 
@ShaVuklia @SteamyRoot Given a parametrization $\mathbf{x} : U \subset \Bbb R^2 \to \Bbb R^3$ of a surface $S$ in $\Bbb R^3$ around a point $p = \mathbf{x}(0, 0)$ say, $d\mathbf{x}/du \times d\mathbf{x}/dv$ is the normal to the surface (because it's perpendicular to the tangent vectors $\mathbf{x}_u$ and $\mathbf{x}_v$ at $p$.)
It's not called the Jacobian.
 
Good morning
 
Hi Zach
How are you ?
 
Tired.
How about you?
 
3:27 PM
Also the direction of the normal vector depends on the orientation of the parametrization at $p$.
 
Pretty tired too
Or demotivated, I don't know which
 
@BalarkaSen yes
That's also $\int_\Bbb R e^{tx}f_X(x) \mathrm{d}x$ where $f_X(x)$ is a probability density function for $X$ (assuming $X$ is a continuous random variable)
 
I agree.
 
3:43 PM
Hey everyone.
 
Hi
 
hi everyone
here's a formula I feel like you guys need to see:
for n even, this is the number of ways to tile an m by n grid with dominoes
for n=2 this is the m+1st fibonacci number
 
wow...
 
3:58 PM
Is a domino 2 by 1 ?
 
yeah
this is taken from Aigner's book, A Course in Enumeration
 

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