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00:06
Is there a way to write sine in terms of Legendre polynomials of cosine?
hi everyone
00:22
That's awesome, @Semiclassical!
01:22
@Semiclassical Awesome!
01:35
Hey any stats people on?
When is it a good idea to use the least-squares method for modelling data, and when is it not?
@carl no, i've a few others. but i'm particularly happy with that one as a prl paper
@antonio @ted @Khallil thanks! i should point out that i'm the second author on there, not the first, but i'm still enthused about it
@TedShifrin well, i think we submitted it back in august. so not so quick. it came back fast after we revised according to referee comments though
I forgot authorship order is meaningful for you folks.
01:50
it's definitely appropriate here, since first author did the majority of the writing
though idea-wise i certainly think i've earned my place there :)
now i just wish i knew when it'll actually be published :/
Is there any difference from a practical (i.e., on the CV) perspective?
there may well be. the first author is actually applying for postdocs right now, so whatever leg up it gives is good
My impression was that the acceptance was what really mattered... everyone can say they submitted their paper to the Annals, but once it's been accepted, that's that
well, sure.
i think it does depend a bit on the field, though
you'll notice that the last author is actually our advisor, and that is common
Yeah. Very frustrating IMO.
01:55
shrug
like i said, i don't begrudge being second author on that
02:09
@Semiclassical - congratulations
 
1 hour later…
03:35
Hi everyone :)
@user159870 Yes, sure.
Hi , @TedShifrin :)
Morning.
Hi @Swapni
Morning :)
03:38
G'night @MikeM
Haha, frame of reference
Not really.
@TedShifrin, I have seen your Utube Vids. They are very helpful :)
All 112? ;)
Lol no, I have to study a lil to understand them all. I am a ninth grader :P
03:40
Yeah, wait a few years.
Nope, I will watch all by Feb
That's way too fast.
Nah, I could handle basic diff by 8th grade
You need to do lots of exercises to learn math.
I have, U do math all day long
Did you use any particular material for teaching @TedShifrin
?
03:45
My book :)
Name?'
It's on my profile here and on YouTube
Yah, got it. Thanks :)
Just a question, did you ever crack the IMO?
sure ... i hope you enjoy learning.
03:47
no, never was good at that sort of math ...
I asked bcoz u sound a genius indeed
hardly.
@Danu: Following stars in the physics room I saw your discussion of what you want to do. Maybe I'll make it my project to push you into the corner of $G_2$-manifolds. :)
a MSE $G_2$ seminar, Mike?
I'd have to find my own time to do it. I promised a friend I would do so here...
03:50
i've heard Bryant lecture a few times, but I've never studied it.
One of the problems is that there's very little you can study with.
Random poll: How many of you here aim/aimed to win the Fields Medal?
bryant's papers and maybe Berger's book?
none, Swapnil.
If anybody is or has actively "aimed" to win the fields medal they have to be an absolutely massive egotist.
This includes anybody who's actually won it.
Haha, true
Many do as kids, but leave this thought in grad level :P
03:54
@TedShifrin I meant tools... there's not a lot of tools one can study G_2 manifolds with. There's some stuff in the way of constructions, but again, not much. What's worse is the complete inability to tell G_2-manifolds apart.
I think that's what's really stopped it from making a lot of progress: nothing much to use.
Not when I was a kid or student ....
My sudden interest might indicate that there is an interest and some mild success in using a specific type of tool...
Ah @MikeM .... bryant doesn't have local geometric invariants?
Keep in mind I'm an ignoramus but no, I don't think so. I think very little is known.
I should google later. Now I have a sinus headache :( Sick for a week already .... Blech.
03:57
On the constructive side: only finitely many smooth 7-folds are known to have a G_2-struct. (Somewhere in the thousands, I think.) On the other hand, I think it's very hard (if not impossible to tell currently) whether or not two G_2-folds are different.
That should change, moderately, if people can successfully get various enumerative invariants off the ground
Get well soon :) @TedShifrin
There's a whole local geometry vs global topology tension here ...
I'm trying, Swapnil. Thanks.
@TedShifrin: When you specify the holonomy like this don't you lose a lot of local geometry? Eg, Kahler manifolds are all locally isometric, yes?
Oh... I guess that's obviously false.
Indeed.
Sorry about the illness. I'm feeling sick too today. Feeling a little bit better, though.
04:04
This respiratory/sinus thing seems to be going around everywhere (in the US).
@TedShifrin: I guess I checked out a book on special holonomy by Joyce a while back (for unrelated reasons). Maybe I should make that my new bus reading.
Won't I get a big zero if I write this solution in my Olympiads?
3
Q: Finding the maximum value of $ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+3cd$

Swapnil Das If $a,b,c,d>0$ satisfy the condition ${ a }^{ 2 }+{ b }^{ 2 }+{ c }^{ 2 }+{ d }^{ 2 }=1$, find the maximum value of $ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+3cd$. I'm not progress in this inequality problem. Please help. Thank you.

I'm starting to learn linear algebra. What are my prerequisites?
05:00
@anon: does "Dynkin diagram" of a finite group mean anything to you?
user174558
05:43
@SwapnilDas No prerequisites. Just mathematical reasoning.
That's great. I shall start at the earliest. Thanks, @JohnNash
Hi @IshanBanerjee
 
1 hour later…
07:18
@Clarinetist Thanks! Here is a very simple question whose answer I think would help clear this all up. Let $M$ be square $n$ by $n$ and non-singular. We know that all such $M$ give us entropy exactly $n$ and yet their determinants can be hugely different. Why doesn't our analysis in terms of multivariate CLT apply?
08:02
@MikeMiller Would you be so nice 'n' find me a supervisor to go with that?
@Danu: Sure, Donaldson!
08:26
@MikeMiller I wouldn't hesitate even a second if he wanted me as his student!
08:48
Hi @Danu
Hi @OFFSHARING
@SwapnilDas Hi
@Danu , can u tell me about mathematical physics? Is it applied math or pure physics? And do Math and Phy come in same proportion in it?
@OFFSHARING, Your Ideal- Ramanujan?
@SwapnilDas Definitely.
Great, same here
I'm from India, his own country :)
@SwapnilDas Great! :-)
08:53
Haha, so what's the thing you like about him the most?
Hi @Anubhav.K
@SwapnilDas His creativity, the way he made up his problems and solutions. No one ever was near him.
Haha, true
Are you doing any degree or in school/college?
@SwapnilDas Self-educated in mathematics (not now - I already have a degree in accounting)
Oh, great :)
I'm a ninth grader, youngest here :P
@SwapnilDas :D
09:04
@SwapnilDas It has not much to do with physics.
Or with math!
I guess it's more physical than mathematical if I have to choose one
Is it a branch of physics/math?
or none?'
In any case, it's too broad of an area to say anything definite.
(and too ill-defined, too)
And was Einstein a mathematical physicist?
09:14
Meh, I don't really think there was a useful way to distinguish back then.
Oh, but Wikipedia answers yes :P
it is a branch of applied mathematics
09:33
@SwapnilDas hiii
Hi, I was really interested talking to you
ohhh...
I noticed that you are a mathematics student, am I right?
yeah...true :)
Where do you study exactly?
09:36
ISI
what about you?
I'm a ninth grader who aspires to become a mathematcian some day :LP
Did you qualify RMO back in your schooldays?
All the best
yes
Wow, you are great!
09:37
are you preparing for olympiad?
good...are you from kolkata?
How did you prep for RMO?
Nope Odisha :)
Can u tell what materials you used for prepping for RMO? It is the very first goal of my life :P
I dont know... I didn't do anything....actually I was from a rural area, there we dont have all those teaching things available , so mostly what I did, I tried to solve all those previous year's question papaers
Oh, you are great indeed!
09:40
No
dont worry, you'll qualify
Thanks for your wishes, I have to work hard to expand my limited knwoledge]
you manage past question papers, and try to solve them
Sure, I'll start from now itself :P
for RMO, you don't need much knowledge
True, it is much different from research math :P
09:42
At least I thought so
yeah
U wanna become a mathematcian?
but try to solve them without any one's help
I dont know
Haha, It happens
that is a big title :P
U aspire to become one?
09:44
I dont know, I am a learner
If you just read the q papers of RMO and qualified it, u surely are exceptional :)
stop...
I just told that to give you some motivation
I know, Btw>>
U r interested in low dimensional geometry?
topology*
09:45
yeah, i like to visualize things
Great, Can you tell me what exactly is topology?
It's technical.
even I dont know any easy language to explain
I can tell you a little bit about Hyperbolic Geometry, which you might understand
Huy
Huy
09:48
@BalarkaSen: I'm trying to do an exercise that $Isom(S,d)$ is finite for any hyperbolic metric on $S$, where $S$ is a closed, connected, orientable surface of genus $\geq 2$. I'm given a hint to first show that if it was finite, then $\forall \epsilon > 0$ there is an isometry that is not the identity such that $\sup_{x \in S} d(x, \varphi(x)) < \epsilon$. How does this property follow from infiniteness of the group of isometries?
Please do @Anubhav.K
@Huy define $Isom(S,d)$??
@Anubhav.K It's the isometry group, clearly.
@Huy I don't know geometry, sorry.
Huy
Huy
@Anubhav.K: stated in the last sentence
@Huy Can you tell me what a hyperbolic metric is?
Huy
Huy
09:55
@BalarkaSen: A Riemannian metric on $S$ such that $S$ is isometric to $H^2$ with the usual metric.
Yikes!
Huy
Huy
or $H^n$ in higher dimensions, probably.
every cco surface of genus $\geq 2$ obtains such a metric.
@Huy Maybe you can show that $\Bbb H^2$ with the usual metric satisfies that condition you wrote.
Huy
Huy
@BalarkaSen: there's a typo in my statement earlier of course. it should read if it was infinite.
I figured.
Huy
Huy
09:59
@BalarkaSen: the problem is that on $H^2$ the Mobius transformations are the isometries, and with translation you obviously get the statement, even though the starting condition isn't met.
Hmm, I have no idea. My geometry is weak. One thing to note is that S is a quotient of H^2 by a surface group.
Huy
Huy
what do you mean by a surface group?
the statement I know is that it is a quotient by a group of isometries
I mean fundamental group of a 2-manifold. Obviously, as universal cover of S is always H^2.
@Huy interesting.
Huy
Huy
@BalarkaSen: that's essentially a reformulation of the uniformisation theorem, no?
(my statement)
But the uniformization theorem says something way more stronger.
Huy
Huy
10:04
oh, maybe it's actually the same as you're saying
because iirc that group of isometries is isomorphic to the fundamental group of the surface.
That's certainly not true. Group of isometries of H^2 is PSL(2, R), no?
What you mean is that surface group acts by isometries on H^2. That may be true.
Huy
Huy
@BalarkaSen: not the group of isometries, a group of isometries.
@BalarkaSen: $H^2 \cong H^2 / \{1\}$
@Huy fair enough.
10:17
@Danu Hey.
hi
Huy
Huy
@BalarkaSen: I feel like that definition of a hyperbolic metric is too strong. Maybe just locally isometric.
@Huy Ok, that makes sense.
@Danu Any topology going on? ;)
Skipping my last lecture of a year, if that's what you mean ;)
I'm about to fly back home (in 2.5 hours)
ah. merry christmas, and safe flight.
10:20
We were talking about free products
ended on: Prop: The free product exists
The lecture notes are 74 pages now :)
@Huy hey how are u :) remember me?
Huy
Huy
not particularly, and I'm off to lunch now, sorry.
My sister is asking me how can I prove that 1=1, without assuming that any other number equals itself...
@Huy Enjoy!
10:38
@Danu Here's a fun space: consider the subspace $A$ of $\Bbb R^2$ which iss union of circles with center at $(0, 1/n)$ or radius $1/n$. Fact: $A$ is not homotopy equivalent to the infinite wedge of circles.
$A$ is knows as the "shrinking wedge of circles" or the "Hawaiian earring".
If you're interested, try proving this. Use $\pi_1$.
Huy
Huy
11:16
@M.S.E thanks. what should I remember you from?
@BalarkaSen is the fundamental group of the latter even Abelian?
Fundamental group of infinite wedge of circles?
Or if of either, rather...
Fundamental group of the figure 8 is not Abelian right
No, there is a retract of the infinite wedge of circles into wedge of two circles by pinching all of the other circles.
So the inclusion $S^1 \vee S^1 \to \bigvee S^1$ induces injection on $\pi_1$.
Yeah okay
11:19
And $\pi_1(S^1 \vee S^1)$ is not abelian, as you mentioned.
@Danu Similar logic would show that $\pi_1(A)$ is not abelian. Here's a hint on how one could show that A is not homotopy equivalent to wedge : do not think about $\pi_1$, but of abelianization $\pi_1/[\pi_1, \pi_1]$ of $\pi_1$.
Huy
Huy
@BalarkaSen: I'm looking at a textbook on mapping class groups now, and they define it to be the orientation-preserving homeomorphisms that restrict to the identity on the boundary modulo connected component of the identity. I also see in my personal notes later a definition of the MCG with that condition on the boundary. are they equivalent?
@Huy Sorry, but can you be a bit explicit? What do you mean by boundary here?
Huy
Huy
ok, I think the problem lies in the terminology of closed vs compact manifolds
me too.
Huy
Huy
when we dealt with compact manifolds in class, we used the definition with boundary
11:31
So, in your personal notes, you don't have that boundary condition?
That just means you are working with closed manifolds.
Huy
Huy
in my personal notes, we first work only with closed manifolds and there define the MCG without the boundary condition. a few weeks later, we work with compact manifolds and then include the boundary condition. I should have just kept on reading.
right :)
Also, this has a typo: you mean *without that condition on the boundary.
Confused me a bit for a while.
Huy
Huy
right, sorry
It's ok.
Huy
Huy
11:54
wow, the mapping class group of a compact connected oriented surface is generated by Dehn twists
that's highly non-trivial
what's a dehn twist
Huy
Huy
take an annulus $A = S^1 \times [0,1]$. then the map $T(\theta, t) = (\theta + 2 \pi t, t)$ is a Dehn twist.
now for any scc curve on a surface you can take a nbhd of the curve which is then an annulus and then you can define a Dehn twist on it
now you can take the scc curves that "count holes" on a surface and the corresponding Dehn twists and that generated MCG
I don't think this is the same as a basis of $H_1(S)$, but almost
let me parse that. so the homeomorphism $\Sigma \to \Sigma$ is obtained from doing a Dehn twist on tubular nbhds of the longitudinal curves in $\Sigma$ and leaving everything outside the nbhd alone? you're claiming these generate the MCG?
Huy
Huy
I'm not 100% sure I understand what you mean correctly
which are the longitudinal curves?
The ones going around the holes of $\Sigma$.
Huy
Huy
12:02
sec, I'll show you a picture
hi all
@Huy I need a probability person on a european time zone :)
Oh, I think I see what you mean. It takes the curve around the hole in $\Bbb T^2$ to the curve which goes around the whole, makes one twist - tight around the donut - and then follows the same track, yep?
Huy
Huy
yes
these curves are the ones I mean
take the Dehn twists in a neighbourhood of them
those generate MCG
sorry about my terrible drawing skills
Ah, I see.
No, that's a pretty good drawing.
Huh, I'd like to see a proof of this.
It's a quite cool theorem.
Huy
Huy
@BalarkaSen: use the fact that for all non-seperating oriented scc $\gamma_1, \gamma_2$ on $S$, there exists a product of Dehn twists (or of some representatives of them) $\varphi$ such that $\varphi(\gamma_1) = \gamma_2$. for the theorem, then use induction on the genus.
12:14
cool, didn't know that fact.
12:42
Anyone here!
13:06
@robjohn Hey. Very happy I bought a nice laptop and I'm safe now with all my work.
Huy
Huy
which one did you buy?
@Huy Let me read on the box
Asus X552L
Intel I3 processor
4 GB DDR3
500 GB HDD
Huy
Huy
ah ok. glad you could buy something you like :)
LCD 15.6
Huy
Huy
do you trust in cloud services for backups?
13:08
@Huy I only trust my computer when it's not connected to internet.
Huy
Huy
ok.
I FEEL SO SAFE NOW! :-)
@Huy hehe, thanks :-)
Now I can put on it all the stuff I kept in mind. There is stuff to write for months.
hello
I was just wondering about a trigs question. So, this is a normal smoothing funciton, right? Both input and output go from 0 to 1 and in a smooth function
Huy
Huy
what do you mean by normal smoothing function? It is smooth, yes.
this is usually used instead of the normal x function, althought even in that case both input and output go from 0 to 1, the problem being that it starts and stops suddenly
I use them for animations, not really important, just saying that how did I get to my question
at one point I was wondering whether the distance in the y of the lines would make another curve, so all I had to do was subtract one from the other
and I got this yellow line
it's a bit small, but by finding the local minimum/maximum and scaling it by 1/that amount I could make it go from 1 to -1 like a normal wave
I then compared it to a negative sin wave with double the frequency
they didn't quite match, but it was close
I then wondered if the blue line could actually be a wave (never mind the fact that google graphs doesn't let you chose x mod 1 instead of just x, then it would have been periodical), and all I needed for that now would be to check that the derivatives at x=0,1 would be the same
so the line would be continuously derivable, and continuous, therefore it could have been a valid wave
according to wolfram alpha the derivative of the yellow line is pi * sin( pi * x ) - 1, which is the same at 0 and 1, making the blue line an actual wave, although I can't figure a good transformation to make it look like any other wave I know of. Does it have a name? Wouldn't even know what to google
Adi
Adi
13:30
Flag party!
I'll give some virtual cheese to whever is able to help me :D
Huy
Huy
@BalarkaSen: still here? am a bit confused with Heegard splittings
sometimes I wish i studied maths
13:51
fine, I'll eat my virtual cheese
@robjohn did you have time to try that integral I showed you?
(and in the meantime I developed a new family of integrals)
14:39
@robjohn I also think I found a very new series involving Fibonacci series, something undiscovered so far.
@Huy: Have you gotten the question about why Isom(S) is finite settled?
Huy
Huy
nope, can you help me?
Sure. Do you know that isometry groups are Lie groups?
Huy
Huy
I know it but don't know how to prove it.
And isometry groups of compact manifolds are compact.
Huy
Huy
14:47
why is that?
Some sort of bootstrapping argument. Pick a sequence f_n of isometries; find a sequence of points so that f_n(x_n) converges after passing to a subsequence; do the same for df_n at x_n; should be able to bootstrap this up to a neighborhood; do this for finitely many points.
There are proofs in probably any Riemannian geometry book. I don't remember them. This is my best approximation of what they probably look like.
Huy
Huy
ok, I'll check Lee
So if you believe these two things, if Isom(S) was infinite, it would be a positive-dimensional Lie group, and hence have a 1-parameter subgroup, and hence have elements arbitrarily close to the identity, and hence your question follows.
Lee's Riemannian book is not so good, dunno if it's in there.
I know it's in Kobayashi-Nomizu but it would be mean to send you there.
Huy
Huy
the fact that the isometry group is a Lie group is stated with reference to Kobayashi
yikes.
Huy
Huy
14:52
compactness isn't in there, at least I can't find it
let me read the "if you believe these two things" part
I wonder if one can prove by hand that there are no killing fields, because of the curvature constraint somehow? (I don't know how, just thinking aloud.)

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