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12:50 AM
@Hippalectryon I am the absolute last person you want to ask about organic chemistry. I'm only good at theoretical spectroscopy :(
 
 
4 hours later…
user116211
5:19 AM
@hippa Bonjour o/
 
@MAFIA36790 \o I'm just checking in :-) I have class in half an hour so I won't really be here for now
 
user116211
@Hippalectryon yeh... go ahead; have a rendezvous at the evening ;)
 
5:51 AM
@ToddMinehardt It's my pleasure. Thanks for understanding :D
 
6:15 AM
@Martin-マーチン is there any loss by deleting comments?
 
@DeNiSkA what do you mean? They are quite gone if you delete them - I can undelete only comments that a mod has deleted, but I can read all
 
@Martin-マーチン It means mods can see the deleted comments of random user?
 
mods can see every comment
 
oh!!
 
 
3 hours later…
9:39 AM
27
Q: What makes banana bonds possible in diborane?

jonscaDiborane has the interesting property of having two 3-centered bonds that are each held together by only 2 electrons (see the diagram below, from Wikipedia). These are known as "banana bonds." I'm assuming there is some sort of bond hybridization transpiring, but the geometry doesn't seem lik...

 
10:23 AM
@Hippalectryon the target and your product look like panduratin derivatives
 
10:34 AM
@Loong Yep that's (nearly) it! How did you find it ? I searched using all kind of identifiers and never found any result on pubchem/chemspider
 
@Hippalectryon If you want to find great white sharks, look for the seals.
Or if you want to see cheetahs, look for Thomson's gazelles. ;-)
 
@Freddy - I reposted your quote from Jespersen as an addon answer, hope you don't mind.
0
A: Clear definition of a 'non-oxidizing acid'?

CopperKettleAs an add-on, I'll post an excerpt from the 6th edition of "Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter" by Jespersen et al. Kudos to Freddy who posted it in the chatroom.

 
O_o and where did you look for seals ? :-) I tried searching for the reagents, to no avail. I just used google and chemspider/.. though.
 
I.e., search the educts.
For example, google "2-bromo-5-methoxy-1,3-bis(methoxymethoxy)benzene" with quotes.
 
Word of the day: educt
 
10:42 AM
ooh :D found it indeed. Unfortunately their way doesn't solve the position of the dienophile in my final product.
 
this structure is labelled 4-hydroxypanduratin A, but I don't think that the image is correct:
and of course, the cycloaddition yields a mixture of products:
 
Well I'm not aiming for a great yield :D
 
11:06 AM
@Mart, should this Q be closed as duplicate?
0
Q: How to compare oxidizing power of perhalate ion(XO4-)

ShubhamIn my book the oxidizing power in descending order of the following is given as: BrO4-;IO4-;ClO4- I thought that chlorine has the highest electronegativity, so can help oxygen stabilize the -1 charge the best and be least raducing(electron donor) and most oxidizing. Looks like thats not the cas...

@ortho is right AFAICT: the reasoning behind the answer is (I think) the same as in the linked 'duplicate of' question.
But the question approaches the chemistry from a different property (abundance versus oxidizing power).
 
user116211
@Brian Does it answer?
 
user116211
If so, then definitely vc.
 
What's the policy here? Should the question be closed as duplicate? Or left open, and answered with a "the underlying reason is the same as in this question over here" -- lower stability of a high-oxidation state species means it will be a stronger oxidizer
@MAFIA36790 Sort of, but you have to make the logical link yourself that "lower stability of high oxidation state = stronger oxidizer". This new question has the potential to be found by people using different search terms.
My first reflex was vtc
 
@cowper Great. No problem :-)
 
11:25 AM
@Brian & @MAFIA36790 Questions should only be closed as duplicates is the question is the same. There is no harm done in replicating an answer that is essentially the same and linking the two questions, if they are not the same question but deal with the same concept.
The reasoning behind this is mainly, that if you read the first question that will not get answers must be still recognisable in the second question which might have an answer. If they read completely different, then (especially) new users might not even bother to read the answers. Then they might get upset with how the community is treating these questions.
 
@Martin-マーチン Ok, that was what was leaning me in the non-vtc direction, yeah. Thanks!
@Jan is on the job, btw:
@orthocresol This is not a dupe, because it is not immediately apparant from the question that these will go in the same direction. For a dupe to be a dupe we need the essentially same answers and the essentially identical question. This one approaches the problem from a different angle. — Jan 9 mins ago
 
user116211
@Martin-マーチン oohhh... thanks mart.
 
No problem, happy to help out here ;)
 
user116211
Damn and there OP wants to catalogue ALL experiments that shaped the course of Physics......
 
user116211
WTF!! ;(
 
11:30 AM
@orthocresol You might want to earn a couple of more rep points by repeating the essential points in that new question ;)
Happy Anniversary everybody! A year ago Chemistry graduated. Let's have a high five for a job well done!
15
 
user116211
Well done mods.... for your never-ending work here @Mart and others....
 
oh... it will end ;)
 
> Oh, mortal man may borrow What mortal man can lend; And 'twill not end tomorrow, Though sure enough 'twill end.
 
user116211
!!greet/@J.M.
 
Welcome to The Periodic Table @J.M.! Here are our chat guidelines and it's recommended that you read them. If you want to turn Mathjax on, follow the instructions in this answer. Happy chatting!
 
11:42 AM
@MAFIA36790 I have been here a number of times before, but thanks for the automatic thoughtfulness. ;)
 
Jan
To think that my oldest answer was during the last days of being a beta site *,…,*
 
@Jan "on the cusp", if you will.
 
@Martin-マーチン I commented on it. It's partly my fault I read too quickly - even the answer is not really the same because the question include Cl and I as well, but the last sentence left me with the impression that it was just Br that he was curious about
 
@orthocresol Well, that happens. And that's no problem. After all you let the community decide on it, that's why it says possible in the generated comment... no harm no foul. I think it helped in a way already :D
 
@Hippalectryon There is this rough rule in DA cycloadditions that the substituents in the resulting cyclohexene should exhibit a 1,2 or 1,4 relationship (I believe this is in Warren). You have a 1,3,5 configuration, so I am not optimistic about your proposal.
 
11:51 AM
@J.M. Do you have any idea how to do it then ? I have no idea without a D-A :(
 
@Hippalectryon nothing immediately comes to mind. the config is not amenable to a conjugation reaction, so I don't have any ideas at the moment.
Do you really have to use the protected phloroglucinol, or would you welcome other dissections?
 
Jan
Inb4 @PhMgBr calls dupe …
 
@PhyCS It's an experiment you can do: try soaking sand in soda water and report back. ;)
(P.S. HF is pretty much one of the few things that can chemically etch silica)
 
@J.M. Yeah I need to start from the three given reagents.
 
hmm, speaking of conjugation reactions, I quite like this drug:
!!img/ibrutinib
 
12:03 PM
<An error occured : cannot identify image file '3229//temp//mol.gif'. Check your molecule's name.>
 
Jan
@J.M. What about concentrated NaOH? ;p Also check out the glass cleaning answer. Brb finding it.
 
@Jan That takes longer, tho. :) Hence the injunction to never store concentrated bases in Pyrex for long periods.
 
0
Q: Can I get notifications from my favourite tags into the SE inbox?

JanI’ve labelled a few favourite tags here (and more on other sites). I appreciate them being highlighted on the question page. Sometimes, however, I take breaks from Stack Exchange that can be anything between weeks and months. If any cool interesting question that uses my favourite tags happens t...

 
<An error occured : cannot identify image file '3229//temp//mol.gif'. Check your molecule's name.>
 
!!img/1-[(3R)-3-[4-Amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]-1‌​-piperidinyl]-2-propen-1-one
 
12:05 PM
<An error occured : cannot identify image file '3229//temp//mol.gif'. Check your molecule's name.>
 
:29630764 sadly, it does not seem to know the structure of that new wonder drug. But its structure is a very elegant biological application of Michael. :)
 
Jan
15
A: Cleaning a round-bottom flask, especially after distillation

Ben Norris@Permeakra suggests some good cleaning solutions. I have rearranged them (adding a few) in a suggested order from mildest to most evil. The specific thing you want to use will vary based on what you want to clean. If an initial rinse isn't good enough, you may want to let it soak for a few hours....

 
@Jan At the risk of revealing my age: Teepol is my favorite detergent for labware.
 
Jan
12:09 PM
I don’t even know what that is.
 
(Also, "Caro's acid" is a more dignified name than "piranha solution". ;P)
 
Jan
But piranhas!
 
@Jan It's an alkylbenzenesulfonate detergent Shell used to make.
After it was phased out, none of the detergents I've subsequently tried seemed to come close to the performance of Teepol.
 
Jan
Ah. I have yet to find a favourite detergent ^^
 
@Jan dishwasher + CTA
 
12:20 PM
@Jan That only happens after having to wash too many pieces of glass. (Where I was, experimentalists had to clean up after themselves, the rationale being that they were the only ones who knew how dangerous the leftover gunk in their glassware was)
 
Jan
@Loong Although our rule is:
> First you clean it, then you give it to the cleaning staff for the dishwasher.
 
It does look like an untapped market: lab-hardened dishwasher
Up to this day, I still chuckle at the memory of seeing a Sigma-Aldrich vending machine.
 
@Jan yeah, I usually boiled my PFA beakers in HCl + HNO3 and then removed the acid with pure water before they went into the dishwasher, mainly to prevent cross-contamination
 
user116211
12:54 PM
in The h Bar, 11 mins ago, by MAFIA36790
BTW, hasn't the mobile site changed its appearance?
 
@MAFIA36790 Yes it has. I like the new colors; but not so much the formatting.
 
user116211
@J.M. It was totally dull-looking earlier.... but I'm good at my laptop... seldom use phone.
 
1:53 PM
Hi everyone, quick question:
why can RCOOH deprotonate but not RCH2OH?
 
@KennyLau Because RCOO- is stabilized by mesomeric effects
 
@Hippalectryon But what about the RCOOH in the first place, before deprotonation?
 
put another way: the carboxylate ion has nice electron delocalization
 
What do you mean ? @KennyLau
 
@KennyLau the deprotonation is favored precisely because the conjugate base is more stable than the acid.
 
2:00 PM
Correct me if I am wrong: before the deprotonation, there is only one resonance form
 
That's right (well at least there's only one significant mesomeric form)
 
(Oh, I hate that term...)
 
resonance? @J.M.
@Hippalectryon Are you hinting that there is a minor mesomeric form?
 
@KennyLau It's actually fictional, but that story is probably reserved for your more advanced classes.
 
@KennyLau No I just mean that saying that a compound has "exactly one mesomeric form" is formally untrue, since it has lots of mesomeric forms that are irrelevant (with very very low probabilities). Forget about it :P
 
2:02 PM
@Hippalectryon I understand
 
@Hippalectryon the "geminal enediol" form has been observed, but it's very very rare. ;)
(unfortunately I lost the reference)
 
@J.M. How is that formed?
 
Tss, I'd make a sketch if only I had drawing software here...
 
@J.M. Allow me to have a guess
 
@KennyLau "geminal" means that the two hydroxys (-diol) are attached to the same carbon.
 
2:11 PM
oh
that makes sense
 
Again: that's quite rare and it is very unlikely that the equilibrium will shift to that form
 
@KennyLau a tip on the arrows: they represent electron flow. Thus, you will want the electrons coming from the more electronegative atom.
 
also, you use two-headed arrows for that. fishhook arrows are used for radical reactions (mnemonic: one hook for every electron transferred)
 
2:15 PM
oh, O and H formed a new covalent bond
@J.M. Does this look good?
 
By two heads, I mean →; fishhooks are this one: ⇀
 
hmm, here's an idea: did you try to look up the mechanism for "keto-enol tautomerism"? It's a bit like that.
 
wow
@J.M. Can I ask another question?
 
@KennyLau just ask; yee don't need to ask if yee can ask. ;)
 
2:22 PM
In ethylbenzene (image below), why are the two hydrogen atoms bonded to the closest carbon atom to the benzene, more susceptible to substitution reaction than the three hydrogen atoms bonded to the farthest carbon atom to the benzene?
 
@KennyLau do you know about benzylic carbocations?
 
Not really
 
@KennyLau it's a subtle nudge for you to look them up in your textbook or on the web. ;)
 
I'm looking them up
Well, the website still uses the Kekulé diagram of benzene
 
pretty much a spoiler, that page; as it notes, you have good electron delocalization in the resulting carbocation.
@KennyLau it's mechanistically convenient
 
2:26 PM
Is the mechanism same for phenol deprotonation?
 
Not really; look up SN1 reactions, if you can.
but the principle is the same: phenoxide easily forms due to electron delocalization
 
is it the same or not the same?
 
@KennyLau you have an anion in one, and a cation in another, so no. ;)
 
PhOCl being the one with the cation, and PhONa being the one with the anion?
 
@KennyLau I haven't ever seen PhOCl before, I'd say. :)
benzyl chloride, sure.
 
2:29 PM
Then what are you referring to?
 
Look at the structure of benzyl chloride again.
 
C6H5CH3 + Cl2 → C6H5CH2Cl + HCl
 
@KennyLau No oxygen, right?
 
right
so what is the cation you are referring to?
 
wasn't I pointing out benzylic carbocations earlier?
 
2:32 PM
Oh, I thought you were saying that PhOH can form cations
 
@KennyLau phenoxide is an anion.
 
sure
one quick question (I'll go back to phenol later)
 
I said that the principle of forming the benzylic carbocation and phenoxide is the same, in that the resulting species enjoy delocalization
 
Is (2) formed from self-esterification of (1)?
If yes, why the second hydroxyl group, instead of the first or the third?
 
@KennyLau yes, five and six-membered lactones form quite readily.
 
2:35 PM
And the major product being the five-membered lactone?
 
@KennyLau it's a kinetic product. the pyranone would be the thermodynamic product.
so, depending on the reaction conditions.
 
> Quickly said, the kinetic product is the one that forms the fastest and the thermodynamic product is the most stable.
> The kinetic product is the product associated with the lowest energy barrier to its formation. The thermodynamic product is the most stable product with the lowest energy, irrespective of any intervening barrier (If the barrier to its formation is the lowest, the thermodynamic product may be the kinetic product as well).
 
alright, I have to leave; I am moving houses today. I hope someone else here can help you.
 
Well, thanks.
 
 
3 hours later…
user116211
5:38 PM
Which is more stable: Cyclooctatetraene dication or dianion?
 
user116211
To me it's the former since its non-bonding orbitals are empty.
 
user116211
That means my idea of stability is implicitly regarding the proneness to get oxidised.
 
Jan
6:38 PM
@J.M. mesomeric =/= tautomeric =O
The enol form of carboxylic acids is a tautomeric form, not a mesomeric form. They are constitutional isomers, not electronic ‘isomers’.
Please don’t mix the two up ;)
CC @Hippa
 
Oh thanks for correction :-)
 
Jan
The minor (not exactly hypothetical, though, it is a significant contribution) mesomeric form of a carboxylic acid is $\ce{{^-}O-RC={O+}H}$
 
6:53 PM
@Martin-マーチン can we see the answers which we have upvoted
 
Jan
@DeNiSkA Go to your profile, click votes.
 
cool! @Jan
 
7:26 PM
Hey @Jan
Can $\ce{H+}$ be a counterion in an organic reaction?
 
Jan
7:56 PM
@ringo Yeah o.o
 
Okay, I haven't really seen it before and it makes me really uncomfortable just showing $\ce{H+}$ since I'm so used to $\ce{H3O+}$
 
Jan
Organic chemists typically write moving H+, since there is often no water around. Sometimes it may be more correct to speak of EtOH2+ or MeCNH+ or w/e but one rarely does it.
 
8:21 PM
7
Q: Weird Wikipedia Section on Oxidizing Power of Nitric and Sulfuric Acids

YunfeiMaIt has been my understanding that when nitric, perchloric, or sulfuric acids act as oxidizing agents, they must exist as entire $\ce{HNO_3}$ or $\ce{HClO_4}$ or $\ce{H_2SO_4}$ molecules that are still protonated. This fits well with the fact that only concentrated forms of these acids can oxidize...

@cowper
 
 
2 hours later…
10:17 PM
@ringo even H3O+ is not very accurate; it has been argued before that using H+ as shorthand for "solvated H+" is better than using H3O+ and implying that the true structure of the solvated proton is H3O+
see, for example, JCE 2014 91 608 pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ed400559t
i think, past a certain point, nobody really uses H3O+; it is just a way of telling people early on that naked H+ does not exist in solution.
it's just like the structure of benzene: you draw only one Kekule resonance form with alternating C-C and C=C, but that doesn't imply that the double bonds are localised (chemistry.stackexchange.com/a/50034/16683)
likewise you can write H+ but that doesn't imply that you have a naked H+
 
10:32 PM
@orthocresol hello
 
How do you guys see $LaTeX$?
@orthocresol Well, then naked Na+ and Cl- also doesn't exist in solutions...
 
@orthocresol thanks for the input
 
@ringo o/
@KennyLau depends how you define "nakedness"
 
@Mithoron What does that mean?
 
10:50 PM
@KennyLau That it depends on definition?
 
Well, could you be more specific?
 
I guess you'd define it as not bound
 
Alright
 
There's no such thing in solution
 
Quick question: Does everything that substitutes the hydrogen in benzene, have their electrons delocalized?
e.g. phenol, phenylamine, toluene, they all have their electrons delocalized
(Does PhCl exist?)
 
10:55 PM
Chlorobenzene is an aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5Cl. This colorless, flammable liquid is a common solvent and a widely used intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals. == Uses == === Historical === The major use of chlorobenzene is as an intermediate in the production of commodities such as herbicides, dyestuffs, and rubber. Chlorobenzene is also used as a high-boiling solvent in many industrial applications as well as in the laboratory. Chlorobenzene is nitrated on a large scale to give a mixture of 2-nitrochlorobenzene and 4-nitrochlorobenzene , whic...
 
@ringo Thanks.
 
Anything with a free pair of electrons will have its electrons delocalized around the ring, yes
Additionally, some groups are capable of drawing the ring's electrons onto themselves, like $\ce{-NO2}$ and $\ce{-COR}$
 
How do you guys see \ce ?
 
But toluene doesn't fit
 
Well, toluene radical
 
10:58 PM

 MathJax/(La/Xe)TeX help

If you have any questions about MathJax formatting used in che...
Also cation or anion
 
benzylic carbocation?
 
yeah
You can activate mathjax for chat but I didn't bother with that
 
Alright
How do you guys draw those structures?
 
What structures? Pics of compounds?
 
yes
skeletal diagram
 
structural diagram
 
There are many programs that can get the job done
chemical like chemsketch, graghics like inkscape...
 
Thanks
Does the O also participate in the pi-system?
 
well oxygen has lone pairs so it participates in resonance when it can
 
benzaldehyde
can I call the whole thing "aromatic"?
well, ok it's not a ring
 
11:27 PM
@KennyLau aromatic is used when any part is aromatic
 
Would this be right?
 
looks strange but technically says what it's supposed to
 
11:44 PM
This is how I picture their p-orbitals
(only part is shown)
basically they all share electrons?
 
Yeah
 
nice
Can I say that the C there is not a single bond
not a double bond
but a (4/3) bond?
but then the C there has to be a 1.5 bond with C and 1.5 bond with O...
maybe I should calculate it all over again
 
bond orders aren't equal here so...
 
so what's the actual numbers?
 
so it doesn't matter much
 
11:51 PM
well...
 
for specific cases bond order is sometimes said to for exemp. 3/2
here partially double is ok imo
 
well
in the traditional diagram
there would be 12 bonds
oh, you already said it
12/8 = 3/2
 
But mesomeric structures which aren't identical, do not have equal contribution to hybrid
so they aren't mixing 1:1
 
I was told that resonance doesn't exist
 

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