Sachs Huret (when they existed) sold a hub specifically for this purpose: the DualDrive. It had a 3-speed internal gear, and was designed to work with a 7-speed freewheel. And of course you could stick a triple in front, for 63 speeds. I think some Greenspeed trikes were sold with this setup.
@Criggie, I think you are right, but I am not as familiar with the English names as I am with the Dutch. The front part moves as a whole, including the front fork, with the point of turning under the seat.
In Dutch I just call it the Flevo trike, the one that bends in the middle. Those who know the bike and trike know what I am talking about, the rest would not know it even if I spelled it out or used pictures.
@Nobody, I am amazed how little overlap there is. I mostly wanted the internal hub gears to be able to gear down quick at traffic lights and when I had to make an unexpected stop. But I find that the third gear is all above what I already had, adding 6 gears or so.
Sorry, I do not know about gear ratios, never wondered about that, as long as they do what I want.
I had never seen one either, or at least one consiously, till I found this one second hand while I was looking at Flevo Green machines. When I saw it, I had to have it.
Knowing the details, I might well have seen them before, the cover of the box is a give away. Living on the Nordsea cycle route (as well as several more local routes) I do see many bikes (and trikes) just once.