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16:54
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Q: The dual space of $c$ is $\ell^1$

Laars HeleniusHere is what I know/proved so far: Let $c_0\subset\ell^\infty$ be the collection of all sequences that converge to zero. Prove that the dual space $c_0^*=\ell^1$. $Proof$: Let $x\in c_0$ and let $y\in\ell^1$. We claim that $f_y(x)=\sum_{k=1}^\infty x_ky_k$ is a bounded linear functional. Clearl...

 
3 hours later…
20:18
More details in another chatroom - just in case somebody wants to chime in.
in Mathematics, 3 hours ago, by Koro
Let me write it in more detail: $X=\{(y_n)\in l^\infty: \sum y_n \text{ converges.}\}$
in Mathematics, 3 hours ago, by Koro
the space is {the sequences in $l^\infty$ which are conditionally convergent. } with the norm being: $\|(x_n)\|= \sup_k |\sum_{n=1}^k x_n|$.
in Mathematics, 3 hours ago, by Koro
It seems to me that the dual would be $l^\infty$.
in Mathematics, 3 hours ago, by Koro
but I am having difficulty proving this.
in Mathematics, 3 hours ago, by Martin Sleziak
Yes, it was supposed to be $T(x)=\lim_{n\to\infty}\sum_{i=1}^n c_ix_i=\sum_{i=1}^\infty c_ix_i$.
in Mathematics, 2 hours ago, by Martin Sleziak
Let us denote $y^{(n)}=(1,-1,1,-1,....,1,-1,0,0,0,0,...)$. We have $\|y^{(n)}\|=1$ w.r.t. this norm.
in Mathematics, 2 hours ago, by Martin Sleziak
And now if we define $T(x)=\sum (-1)^n x_n$ then $|T(y^{(n)})|=2n$.
in Mathematics, 2 hours ago, by Martin Sleziak
@Koro I might have missed something, but it seems that from the sequence $c_n=(-1)^n$ (which belongs to $\ell_\infty$ we get a linear functional which is unbounded.
in Mathematics, 2 hours ago, by Martin Sleziak
BTW this question is about the same space: Proving that the space of sequences with bounded partial sums is complete. (But about completeness - not about the dual.)
in Mathematics, 2 hours ago, by Martin Sleziak
And here is a question whether this is equivalent to the $\ell_1$-norm: Are the norms $\|\cdot\|_1$ and $\|\cdot\|$ equivalent?
in Mathematics, 2 hours ago, by Koro
@MartinSleziak $(c_n)\notin X$
in Mathematics, 1 min ago, by Martin Sleziak
@Koro But $c$ belongs to $\ell_\infty$. You're trying to show that for every $c\in\ell_\infty$ you get a linear continuous functional (which has the same norm as $c$.) In any case, I would suggest to continue in another chatroom so that it is not mixed with the other conversations here. (But not today - it is already late in my timezone.)
21:15
Here is a question related to the above problem.
Let $\varphi$ be the map which assigns to a sequence $x=(x_n)$ the sequence of its partial sums, i.e., $\phi(x)=s$ where $s_n=\sum_{k=1}^n x_k$. (We can consider this map, for
example, on the set of all real sequences.)
Isn't then the restriction $\varphi|_X:X\mapsto c$ an isometric isomorphism between $X$ and $c$. (Here $c$ denotes the space of all convergent sequences endowed with the sup-norm.)
If $X\cong c$, then we also have $X^*\cong c^*$. And we can get dual of $X$ by looking at the dual of $c$ and transferring it via the map $\varphi^{-1}$.

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