Discussion on answer by Justus: Is it considered normal to publish job offers inviting candidates to apply based on their gender and / or race in academia?

I downvoted because your answer is full of all sorts of logical fallacies and falsehoods. To pick a couple: "Recall that in some research fileds such as biology, female might be already overrepresented." This is true at the undergraduate level, but by the time you reach tenure-track positions the trend is reversed.

-1. "In practice, during the choice process, a specially trained administrator woman might attend the hiring committee meeting, protest against "egalitarian" male candidates, and push the women candidates." Citation please??? The sentences don't say "male candidates need not apply". They don't say "we will give preferential treatment to women". They merely encourage applications from underrepresented groups in academia (i.e. women and BAME people). This is not discrimination.