<h1>ab<em>c</em></h1>
to
<h1>
<span class="char1">a</span>
<span class="char2">b</span>
<em><span class="char3">c</span></em>
</h1>
or
<h1>
<span class="char1">a</span>
<span class="char2">b</span>
<span class="char3">c</span>
</h1>
or even
<h1>
<span class="char1">a</span>
<span class="char2">b</span>
<span class="char3"><em>c</em></span>
</h1>