On a second thought, this may work as well: in recovery mode, mount system and data partition, then execute:
adb shell
rm -rf /data/app/eu.chainfire.supersu*
rm -rf /data/data/eu.chainfire.supersu
rm -rf /system/bin/su
rm -rf /system/xbin/su
rm -rf system/xbin/daemonsu
rm -rf /system/bin/.ext/.su