@R.Doto In addition to an array of neurological problems (memory loss, confusion, reduced cognitive ability etc) sleep disorders and chronic sleep loss can put you at risk for (from web MD):
Heart disease
Heart attack
Heart failure
Irregular heartbeat
High blood pressure
Stroke
Diabetes
Whilst the Russian sleep experiment is a great horror story, it is completely unfounded. The reality of using sleep deprivation as torture is harrowing however http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/3376951.stm. Rats can die without sleep after extended periods of time, although this hasn't been recorded as happening …