Could someone inform me as to why I can't make edits?

You can make edits, but they're only suggestions

No, like I legitimately can't suggest edits.

I've looked it up and people usually get a 1 week temp "ban" for suggesting too many edits/having their edits rejected. I haven't been relatively active this week and I certainly haven't exceeded my allowed amount of edits, so I'm confused why I lost this basic privilege.

Ahhh. Unfortunately, I can't help with that issue, a Super User mod will need to answer that (I just help out as a high-rep user)