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3:00 PM
x = n pi + y*
 
It is, yeah. cot(x)=tan(pi/2-x)=cot(y)=tan(pi/2-y) implies pi/2-x = pi/2-y+n pi
 
hm
 
Which rearranges to x=y-n pi, and since n ranges over positive and negative integers it doesn’t matter that it’s -n
 
Is it A ?
I don't know the answer
Do you mind solving it I can't find the soln off of internet too
 
Well, let’s check it in the most direct way possible. What is tan(x) if it’s A?
 
3:03 PM
npi/2
 
That’s x.
What is tan(x)?
 
?
I'm confused
 
if x=n pi/2, what is tan(x)?
Or, rather, what values do you get for tan(x) from those values of x?
 
not defined?
 
@Tanuj Sorry, I wasn't really around. I'm a ghost a lot of the time.
 
3:05 PM
Well, not defined until you pick n.
So let’s pick one and see if it works. What’s the most obvious choice?
 
hm do u want me to restate the questuon?
1?
 
@nitsua60 Nothing to worry about . Have fun ! :)
 
Sure, that works. But n=0 is even simpler
 
yeah so tan 0?
which is zero
 
3:07 PM
@JacobP.J tan 0 is pale
 
badum tss
 
Right. Is that a solution to your original equation?
 
no
my original question states tan ^2 x + 2 root 3 tan x = 1
 
Correct. So there’s no hope at all of A being the right option.
 
if x = 0
hmm so im wrong
 
3:09 PM
Let’s use this idea to narrow in on the right answer. What are the n=0 cases for the other options? Try plugging those in and seeing which actually work
 
for B. (2n+1) pi/2
if n = 0
x = pi/2
not defined
 
Actually, that’s not such a great idea for option C since pi/12 isn’t so nice to take the tan of
 
yeah
pi/ 12
is 0.2 something
then D. npi/12
which will be zero again if n = 0
tan zero is not a soln fr the eqn
 
My guess would be part C is right, since neither A nor B seem to give correct solutions.
Right
 
C you say?
hmm probably c then
but how did i go wrong the long way ?
 
3:13 PM
Well, let’s start from the very beginning
 
hmm yea
should appreciate your patientce
patience *
I'm sorry to be this troublesome I'm very bad at math
 
How did you get that reduced equation, the tan = cot one?
 
tan ^2 x + 2 root 3 tan x = 1
tan^2 x + 2 tan pi/3 tan x = 1
2tan pi/3 tanx = 1 - tan ^2 x
tan pi/3 = 1-tan^2 x / 2tanx
2tanx / 1-tan^2x is tan 2x
 
Nice.
 
reciprocal would be cot 2x
so yea tan pi/3 = cot 2x
then tam pi/3 = tan ( pi/2 - 2x)
pi/2 - 2x = npi + pi/3
 
3:19 PM
Good. You’re almost there
 
Guess I messed up the lcm part
hahah I'm getting 1- 6n instead of 1+ 6n
 
What do you get for x this way?
Yeah
But that’s not an issue
 
I got pi (1- 6n)/12
that was our guess
 
n ranges over both positive and negative integers
 
so?
 
3:21 PM
So having n in there is no different than having -n insteaf
 
if it's -n then the eqn would be 1+6n
if it's n it'll remain 1 - 6n
right I see so it'll be just the same
 
Right. Keep in mind that n is just a label
 
alrighty
thank you so much sir/mam
You are wonderful :)
 
I’ll go with “dude”
Np
 
hahah alright then see you around have a great day
 
3:23 PM
I’ll note that, in a test scenario, I’d start with process of elimination
 
YEs thats easier and less time consuming
 
It’s a lot faster to rule out answers A,B,D in this case
 
in the event of a competitive exam yes that's the better way
 
@LeakyNun $G$ is given, $H=C_G(A)$, but problem arises with $N= N_G(A)$, because $N_G(A)$ rarely normal in $G$. So, I think I can't apply that. Or can I?
 
I never thought abt it
 
3:24 PM
Of course, it’s not always so easy to do that
But when you can, go for it
 
yeah I agree
I have to work on finding periods of eqns
that's all that's left in this trig portion
do you have any tricks fr that?
I'll state a question
f(x) = |sin4x| + |cos2x|
is a periodic function with period A. 2pi B. pi C.pi/2 D. pi/4
 
Hmm
I’d probably sketch the two functions and their sum
 
How to do that?
 
Well, presumably you can sketch sin(4x)
 
is it similar to sinx?
 
3:30 PM
it’d better be
 
is there an otherway
 
Not sure. I guess one elimination method is to plug in x=0 and the four options
 
hm
it'd be pi/2 then
and I've marked it as the correct answer too but why does it work?
 
You get f(0)=1, f(2pi)=1, f(pi)=1, f(pi/2)=1, f(pi/4)=0
 
right cos 0 is 1
 
3:33 PM
That rules out D but doesn’t confirm C
 
I see with the results you have mentioned we can plot the graph
 
If we think that’s right, though, we can look at f(x+pi/2) and see if it equals f(x)
 
Hello. How can I find an example of a matrices $A,B,C,D$ so that the determinant of the block matrix

$$\begin{vmatrix}A & B \\ C & D \end{vmatrix} \neq \begin{vmatrix} AD-CB \end{vmatrix}$$

This can happen if $AC \neq CA$ but I've been trying for an hour simple $2 \times 2$ matrices and every I tried so far with $AC \neq CA$ still satisfies the above determinant relation. How would you go about finding an example which doesn't work?
 
I mean: if we think the answer is C, we check that by seeing if f(x+pi/2)=f(x) for any x
 
3:36 PM
hmm
right the value must repeat
since it's periodic
 
Right
 
mm
 
So what is f(x+pi/2) ?
 
how should i solve that :/
 
@philmcole for a simple choice of A and C, I’d go with ((1,0),(0,-1)) and ((0,1),(1,0))
 
3:38 PM
sin 4 ( x+pi/2) + cos 2 ( x+ pi/2)
 
Absolute values
 
sin 4x + cos (-2x)
?
since they'll be in the second quad
 
Sure. And what is cos(-x) compared with cos(x)?
 
@Semiclassical I think that works. Thanks! I'm trying for an hour and you post one just like that which works :P
 
OH OH OH! PICK ME! I KNOW!
 
3:40 PM
from the values that u found out You get f(0)=1, f(2pi)=1, f(pi)=1, f(pi/2)=1, f(pi/4)=0 we'll get a graph that repeat after every pi/2
- cos x
 
$\cos(-x) = \sin(\frac{\pi}{2} + x)$, right?!
 
@Semiclassical - cos x i guess
 
or $\cos(x)$ if you want to be boring :(
 
@philmcole hah, chalk it up to experience. Those are two of the three Pauli matrices in quantum physics, and a big part of that is how they fail to commute
 
stupid even functions
 
3:42 PM
No, cos(-x) is not -cos(x)
 
oh sorry i checked with my book it's cosx
 
IT was proved in that unit circle
 
Cosine is totally even :P
 
@Semiclassical Nice to know!
 
3:43 PM
@XanderHenderson uh, yes? So cos(-x)=cos(x)
 
so yeah we've come to the conclusion
both methods work
graph and elimination
math is awesomeeeeeeee !!
 
Yeah. I wouldn’t say elimination exactly worked to deduce C, but it did make it plausible
 
yeah confirmation
 
And once it did so, we could just plug in to confirm it
 
yep exactly
ty once again
 
3:46 PM
Np
 
Igtg now good day :)
 
Bye
Boring calculus question: Is there a way to get $$\int \frac{dx}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}=\ln(x+\sqrt{1+x^2})+C$$ without doing a hyperbolic trig substitution?
 
@Semiclassical Differentiate the RHS.
 
And if you didn’t know the RHS ahead of time? :P
 
Abramowitz and Stegun.
 
3:57 PM
@LeakyNun
this is how i start approaching it yesterday
5+4l* (correction)
- not + also
 
@Semiclassical playing FC5 on hard difficulty makes a big difference. The constant adrenaline is back
Traveling is now pretty dangerous
 
if $D$ is a ring and $\mathfrak{a}, \mathfrak{b} \subset D$ are not coprime ideals, why are they both contained in some prime ideal $\mathfrak{p}$?
 
Why is the singularity of $\sin(1/(2 \pi z))$ not isolated at $0$ but are isolated at every other $z \in \mathbb Z$, what's the difference?
Sorry wrote it wrong
$1/\sin(\pi / z))$
Why is $z=0$ not isolated but singularities are isolated at reciprocals of integers
 
4:58 PM
@GFauxPas The singularities are $\{1/n:n\in\Bbb Z\}\cup\{0\}$
$0$ isn't isolated in that because every neighborhood of it contains another singularity
 
5:14 PM
@Semiclassical I see. I can see graphically why this is true, but how is this relations derived algebraically, is it a theorem?
 
How can I use the fact that 'if $N\lhd G$ and $H$ any subgroup of $G$, then $N\cap H\lhd H$' to deduce that '$C_G(A)\lhd N_G(A)$' where $A\subset G$? @AkivaWeinberger
I mean is it possible to use that?
 
Dumb question: is a finite linear combination of step functions a step function?
 
5:31 PM
@user193319 I would say so
 
Okay. Thanks!
 
Could anyone explain me linear algebra in simple way and also the equation y = mx + c ?
Consider me noob.
 
5:49 PM
If $f$ is a continuous $2\pi$ periodic function that satisfies $f(x+\pi) = f(x)$ for $x\in[-\pi,\pi]$, does that somehow imply the Fourier series for $f$ is $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} c_n e^{inx}$? This is what my professor wrote, but I don't see why she doesn't include nonpostive integers?
 
How to find the general solution of root 3 cos x + sin x = root 2
I tried root 3 = tan pi/3
 
@JacobP.J Do you mean $\sqrt{3\cos x+ \sin x} = \sqrt{2}$?
 
yea
tan pi/3 cos x + sinx = root 2
otherwise
(root 3/root 2 ) cosx +( 1/ root 2 ) sinx = 1
 
Maybe square it, move $\sin x$ to the other side, square once more and rewrite in terms of $\sin x$ terms and substitute $\sin x = t$
 
it seems lengthy
options are A. 2npi + pi/6 _+ pi/4
B 2npi + pi/3 +_ pi/4
C. 2npi - pi/12
D. 2npi + 5pi/12
E. 2npi + pi/3
I'm sure it's not option E
I tried substituting value of n as xero
zero*
bt i ended up with either 5pi/12 or p/12
 
5:59 PM
@JacobP.J Do you know how to perform harmonic addition of $\sin$ and $\cos$ terms?
I.e. $a\sin x + b\cos x = \sqrt{a^2+b^2} \sin(x + \phi)$ where $\phi = \tan^{-1}(b/a)$
If $a>0$
 
6:30 PM
@Secret well, there’s two directions of interest. One is: a periodic function which averages to zero over one period will have a periodic antiderivative
The other is to start from the antiderivative and get the function
Neither should be too hard
For instance, if $F(x)=\int f(x)\,dx$ then $F(x+2\pi)-F(x)= \int_x^{x+2\pi}f(x’)\,dx’$
And if $f$ is periodic, you can use rearrange this integral to $\int_0^{2\pi} f(x)\,dx$
So if f is periodic then the periodicity of F(x) is equivalent to the integral over one period being zero
 
 
1 hour later…
7:42 PM
Thing I'm adding to my reading list but in all likelyhood will never actually read: a16z.com/2018/02/10/crypto-readings-resources
 
I feel like quitting grad school
My insomnia is rapidly exacerbating, and at this rate, I'm only bound to get kicked out from my uni
I haven't slept 4 nights in a row
 
Zee
8:04 PM
@TheTestosteroneFanatic you may as well continue and wait till they kick you out
 
I'm not in much standing to offer advice considering how many issues I've had in that vein, but
at the very least, do try to make an appointment with counseling services just to get an outside perspective
 
Zee
This room is a weird mixture of prodigies and outcasts
 
@Semiclassical I am visiting the counseling center and I just visited a doctor today
it just looks really hopeless still
 
Zee
i bet my left but they were useless
i bet my leftnut they were useless
“Tell me how you feel” “ I feel like I have 30 hours worth of HW in 12 hours and am wasting my time with a 26 year old yuppie with a psych degree “
 
not at all, the counselling certainly ameliorated my insomnia to an extent for some days, but my insomnia came back with vengeance
 
8:09 PM
It's a process.
And not always as fast of one as one would like.
 
shit, you're right
 
@TheTestosteroneFanatic pertinent: depressioncomix.com/posts/104?
 
2
Q: About $ A(f(x),g(x)) = h(x) = 1 + \int_0^x f(x - t) g(t) dt $

mickConsider the transforms $$ A(f(x),g(x)) = h(x) = 1 + \int_0^x f(x - t) g(t) dt $$ $$ B(h(x),g(x)) = f(x) $$ $$ C(h(x),f(x)) = g(x) $$ Where the functions on the LHS are given. Notice $B,C$ are the inverses of $A$. How to compute $B,C$ ?? Is there an integral representation for $B$ or $C$ ? ...

Any ideas ??
 
@Semiclassical did you ever visit therapy yourself?
Just curious
 
Zee
8:33 PM
@mick idk but perhaps you want to exploit commutiveity of convolutions with respect to partial differentials
 
I tried that .. No succes
 
@TheTestosteroneFanatic yeah, have for quite a while
And it’s a process.
 
I see
Might I know the nature of the problem?
 
I think the nature of the comic I linked speaks for itself
 
Zee
Try measure theory if integration by parts or the measure theory of fundamental theorem of calculus idk mate
 
8:37 PM
I should note that I am still a grad student at this point
 
0
Q: Vitali Covering Lemma Proof

user193319 Why may we assume that each interval in $\mathcal{F}$ is contained in $\mathcal{O}$? What warrants this reduction? Why is statement (4) true? If $x \in E - \bigcup_{k=1}^n I_k$, then $x \in E$ and $x \notin I_k$ for every $k=1,...,n$. Given some $\epsilon > 0$, there exists $I \in \mathcal{...

 
So that may help to set the context
 
Zee
semiclassical was born a grad student
 
@TheTestosteroneFanatic Sorry to hear this. Sleep disorders are the worst
 
I’m sure you’re trying to be witty, but uh. Kindly don’t.
 
Zee
8:40 PM
Alright , sorry
 
Main is so hard to read
 
ah I see, so its depression...? @Semiclassical
 
I don't technically have insomnia and neither am I in grad school, but I usually used to stay awake all night and that shifted my sleep cycle to 12 AM to 6 PM. I thought it didn't matter at first but it gradually led me to a breakdown of sort. The way I think on the day and the way I think at night are so vastly different, and the absence of daylight has sinister long-term effects on me
 
it does on everyone.
 
8:43 PM
@BalarkaSen you bet; I would advise you to supplement with vitamin D3 at the very least
 
@TheTestosteroneFanatic that’s a huge part of it, yeah. It’s not always easy to pin down just one name for it though
So I’ll stick with “it’s complicated”, however wishy-washy that may be
 
@TheTestosteroneFanatic Prolly a good idea. I am better now, at the very least. I do want to seek for medical advice sometime soon
I experimented with various tranquilizers in the past two months and it's kind of worse.
So I don't want that I don't think
@PVAL So I suspect. It's strange, though. Apart from "messy biological clock" I haven't seen a proper explanation of why that happens
 
Well sunlight messes with your brain telling you should stay awake.
I think you need to buy a proper blindfold, if you want to work during the night and sleep in the day.
 
Probably a good experiment to be done
 
my sleep schedule at the moment is the sleep schedule of an old person.
though it took the greater distance path to get to that point.
 
8:53 PM
There's this thing that lucid dreams are evolutionarily essential for human beings to deal with the informations we gather in the daylight (this is why eg, if you wake up during a lucid dream you can sometimes have a panic attack, sorta)
I think I have 100% stopped having lucid dreams
 
A good sleep mask would probably help me
 
I don't think I dream a lot anymore
 
@BalarkaSen That sounds like quack nonsense.
 
Tell that to the evolutionary psychologists!
 
It does seem rather hard to falsify
 
8:54 PM
@PVAL-inactive sleep schedule of an old person being, 12 AM - 4 AM?
 
Usually I sleep pretty soundly once I fall asleep. It’s just getting to sleep in a consistent way which eludes me
 
Scientists will try to measure quality of mental sleep is usually measured by REM's or some other quantifiable measure of biological functions. Not some subjective thing that can only be reported by the patient.
 
Zee
2 cups of chamomile and melatonin used to work for me
 
like "lucid dreaming"
sleep schedule of an old person is like 10 pm - 6am
 
I might be using the terminology weirdly
 
8:57 PM
or sometimes earlier.
 
Zee
But then I graduate to a six pack of beer before bed, which worked wonderfully except I would walk up tired as heck
 
Lucid dreaming is the concept of being able to know that you are dreaming while dreaming.
 
One big exception is if I’ve missed a dose of medication that day. In that case I tend to have very visceral dreams that wake me up in the middle of the night
 
Oh right I didn't mean that
 
and hence the ability to manipulate your dreams with this knowledge.
 
8:58 PM
I meant whatever state of sleep you are in when you dream whatever it's called
 
Zee
Am not sure I buy into lucid dreaming
 
yeah I have never had those
 
Zee
More like super vivid dreams that fool you into thinking you had control
 
I mean I've had it happen multiple times.
It's definitely possible.
 
Zee
Well , some people claim they can taste music , that I don’t buy as well even if they are as confident as you are
 
9:00 PM
synesthesia is pretty real
 
Zee
How do you know ?
 
by interacting with people who has synesthesia
 
Zee
That’s not a good measure
 
I mean you can do a mri and see what areas of the brain are being affected by stimuli.
 
Zee
Why believe that but not “I can feel the presence of god”
Or “ I knew my son died when I suddenly cried one night when he was away”
 
9:02 PM
Also low-grade synesthesia is present in various forms. Black metal reminds me of grainy stuff, which is shared by other people who has synesthesia apparently
 
Well, the existence of certain unusual kinds of brain activity seems to require a lot fewer metaphysical assumptions
 
Well I have had dreams that when I knew was in a dream.
I don't know how that's supernatural
 
Zee
@BalarkaSen exactly, that ability is within us all
 
or breaks certain biological functions.
 
Agreed.
 
9:04 PM
@Zee It doesn't matter what is a good measure or not. Number/color synesthetic people can memorize - in a short period of time - lots of numbers using color association, eg digits of $\pi$
You cannot do that
 
As a neurological experience, I can buy it
But I’m too firmly a materialist to accept more than that
 
Zee
Believe me when I tell you this , it is a controversial subject within scientific circles
 
Music/taste or music/color synesthetic people can recognize patterns between various musical pieces
 
Zee
I say dumb things a lot here but this am serious about
 
Lucid dreaming seems way more plausible than synesthesia to me, but I am biased in having experienced the former.
 
9:06 PM
@Zee "Believe me you're wrong" sounds like the worst counterargument when you're calling the statement of the claim sloppy and trying to provide a non-sloppy counterargument :P
 
Well, it’s all experiential
 
But I have to go and get sleep now and have no time for this
 
Zee
Take photographic memory for example , some people claim they have it , as in a literal capturing of a visual image , yet if you take any of them , make them read a book and then ask them “on page 64 , is the letter s in line 5 different looking?” They won’t know
I didn’t say your wrong !!!
 
“Most claims photographic memory are exaggerated ” != “photographic memory doesn’t happen”
 
Zee
No, am saying there haven’t been a single documented case of photographic memory in the literal sense
Of being able to capture a mental image not just remember almost every detail
 
9:09 PM
My main issue is that any experience of synthaesia is inherently and irreducibly subjective
 
Zee
We it may not have to be irreducibile subjective
 
I've also had dreams of waking up in bed, and had that dream repeat multiple times during one dream.
 
Zee
For example if all of them tasted cheese when they heard metal then I may buy into it
 
If there are other experiences of mine you want to doubt.
 
Zee
That’s fine , I had too
I don’t think am saying anything radical ...
 
9:11 PM
i mean, there are certainly objective conditions which could correlate with synthaesia
MRI for instance
 
Zee
That’s all I want
Haven’t seen it yet , atleast with a significant enough magnitude
People are not the same , that I know , but I doubt people are so different that they develop super abilities
 
I mean I am experiencing in synesthesia right now in the sense that I am hearing the words while looking at them on the screen.
 
Zee
Yes , we all have that ability , that’s what am saying
 
Well, I’m not sure it needs to be fully universal
 
A friend of mine in high school told me that when he had internal thoughts he saw the words instead of hearing them.
 
Zee
9:14 PM
He’s pulling your leg
 
He wasn't.
 
Zee
He’s pulling his own leg then
 
Some people are born colorblind, for instance, so it seems plausible that there’s some variability in how people process sensory info
 
Zee
That’s true
 
I don’t know where color blindness comes from, though
 
Zee
9:18 PM
Apparently colorblind people are better at detecting camouflage shrug
 
The colorblindness most people (including myself) experience is due to the shortage of certain kinds of cells in the eyes.
 
Yeah, I was going to say
More biological than neurological
I think you’d tend to see the latter in the case of, say, a stroke victim
 
Zee
am Suspicious of mental differences , I think people are too much alike frankly
Even mentally ill people , I think it’s simply a matter of degree rather than quality
Give enough amphetamines to anybody and you can turn them into paranoid and manic
 
In the case of mental writing vs mental speaking, I could imagine an experimental approach for that: see if people who self-report such experiences have different MRI patterns when thinking than people who don’t
But that could be subtle
 

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