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The easiest way to understand foldr is to rewrite the list you're folding over without the sugar.
[1,2,3,4,5] => 1:(2:(3:(4:(5:[]))))
now what foldr f x does is that it replaces each : with f in infix form and [] with x and evaluates the result.
For example:
sum [1,2,3] = foldr (+) 0 [1,2,3]...