While questions about "software tools commonly used by programmers" are
on-topic this is still way too broad and definitely opinion based. -- that said, you don't
need much... a simple editor and compiler should do. But if you want to be
productive, you probably want an IDE like Visual Studio. Anything else would depend heavily on the area you want to work in. For example, if you want to work with databases, you probably want to know about Entity Framework. —
Corak 39 secs ago