I believe most particle detectors are based on either the photoelectric effect, or simply on excitation of atoms by light. Then, the energy resulting from this process is converted into something we associate with the detection of a particle/field excitation. If that is the case, every field/part...

I am a high school student who was playing around with some equations, and I derived a formula for which cannot physically imagine. $$W = \vec F \cdot \vec r$$ $$\frac{dW}{dt} = \frac{d}{dt}[\vec F \cdot \vec r] = \frac{d\vec F}{dt} \cdot \vec r + \vec F \cdot \frac{d\vec r}{dt}$$ $$\implies \box...

Diffusion equation, or Fick`s second law states $$\frac{\partial u}{\partial t} = D\frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial^2 x} $$ where $u$ is the concentration of the molecules. My question is, say if we have a initial distribution $u = x$, which leads to $\frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial^2 x} = 0 $. But this...

If the metric components $g_{\mu\nu}$ are independent of the time coordinate $x^0=t$, then it's common to say there is a constant of motion called "energy" begotten from considering the Euler-Lagrange equations of a free (test?) particle. That is, from the Lagrangian $L = \frac{1}{2}m g_{\mu\nu}d...

I know that there are Noether theorems in classical mechanics, electrodynamics, quantum mechanics and even quantum field theory and since this are theories with different underlying formalisms, if was wondering it is possible to find a repeating mathematical pattern. I know that a common "intuitive"