
In Atiyah's work [Ref. 1], Atiyah states that "Essentially we shall show (at least for $G$ a classical
group and probably for all $G$) that Yang-Mills instantons in 4D can be naturally identified with (i.e. have the same parameter space as) the instantons in 2D for the theory in which the complex...

Questions: I would like to have a precise description of the meanings of the Moduli Space of Flat Connections, such that it is understandable by mathematical physicists and physicists.
For 3d Chern-Simons (CS) theory, I suppose that the following is an interpretation.
the Moduli Space of Flat ...

A nonlinear σ model (NLSM) describes a scalar field Σ which takes on values in a nonlinear manifold called the target manifold T.
The target manifold T is equipped with a Riemannian metric g. Σ is a differentiable map from Minkowski space M (or some other space) to T.
The Lagrangian density i...
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